Optimization and biosynthesis of calcined chicken eggshell doped titanium dioxide photocatalyst based nanoparticles for wastewater treatment

This study presents, biosynthesis of calcinated eggshell (CES) doped with Titanium dioxide (TiO2,) photocatalyst for photodegradation of methylene blue from synthetic wastewater. The influence of three independent variables for improving photodegradation efficiency was investigated and optimized using response surface methodology of Box–Behnken Design on the removal of methylene blue using the calcined chicken eggshells (CES) doped with titanium dioxide. The experimental result showed that 95.8% degradation efficiency of methylene blue by prepared photocatalyst at a contact time of 180 min, initial concentration of methylene blue of 10 ppm, and calcined eggshells (CES) doped with titanium dioxide dose of 2.5 g/L. The synthesized photocatalyst was characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, UV-spectrometer, and X-ray diffractometer and UV–vis Spectroscopy for determined their functional group, structure, and bandgap energy respectively. Their results depict the calcined eggshell doped with titanium dioxide photocatalyst is a promising option for the degradation of methylene blue from industrial wastewater under the stated condition. Highlights Analysis of chicken eggshell wastes are being used as photocatalyst source to calcinated eggshell doped TiO2, i.e., ‘Waste to photocatalyst’ for production of viable sustainable products to bio photocatalyst from wastewater to fulfill the need of an expensive metal-doped catalyst. Photocatalytic degradation of Methylene Blue experiment has been done. The highest degradation efficiency of 95.8% methylene blue was obtained at a contact time of 180 min, 10 ppm of initial concentration of methylene blue, and a dopant dose of 2.5 g/L by using prepared photocatalyst.

OPTIMIZATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF CALCINATED CHICKEN EGG SHELL DOPED TITANIUM DIOXIDE PHOTOCATALYST BASED NANOPARTICLES FOR WASTEWATER TREATMENT

In recent decades, research concerning and knowledge about the external benefits of renewable raw materials have intensified the efforts for investigating the major sources, causes, and effects of wastewater from solid waste and industries or households. In this study bio-matter and low-cost photocatalyst was prepared for photodegradation on the removal of methylene blue from wastewater treatment, and characterized by Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, UV-spectrometer, and X-ray diffractometer (XRD). The effects of initial concentration of methylene blue, amount of dopant, and degradation time were investigated on the percentage degradation of methylene blue using the calcinated eggshell doped titanium dioxide nanoparticle catalysts. At sufficient contact time and low initial concentration, the increment in dopant dose from 0.5 to 2.5 g/l results in an increment of methylene blue degradation efficiency, from 52.5 % to 95.8%. It was shown that a calcinating eggshell doped titanium dioxide photocatalyst method for wastewater treatment is a promising option for the degradation of methylene blue from industrial wastewater under the stated condition.