A Descriptive Analysis on Effect of Corporate Governance on Investor’s Decision

Purpose: The article studies the impact of internal factors and external factors influencing an investor’s investment decision. Design/Methodology: The information for the study was obtained from secondary sources like journal papers, magazines and books. Findings: Human psychology has an internal role in investing choice, whereas corporate governance is an external influence. Corporate governance plays a major role in the investment decision-making process by revealing all elements of business information, but investors understand the information according to their own assessments and assumptions based on their psychology. As a result, a firm’s transparency hardly impacts in investment decisions, and it only works to a limited extent; the rest of the investment selection process is dominated by human behaviour. However, the firm is transparent, there is no guarantee that the investor will always act rationally when making a choice for investment. Originality/Value: Every investor should make rational decisions about their investments. Therefore, it is an investor’s responsibility to follow the information provided by the firm, although some investors fail to do so. As a result of investor psychology, investors’ investment decisions are beyond the reach of business transparency. The study implies that a behavioural survey will be useful in determining the factor influencing investors’ investing decisions. Type of Paper: Conceptual Paper

The Cultural Knowledge Perspective: Insights on Resource Creation for Marketing Theory, Practice, and Education

Marketing researchers and marketers have long focused on the importance of resources: organizations having enough raw materials, advertising budget, distribution and supply facilities, data, technology, money, connections, time, or employees. However, these only become valuable to the organization when people identify them as potential resources and then use them adeptly. In this conceptual paper, we argue that understanding the process of identifying and creating resources is essential to understanding organizational success. We introduce the Cultural Knowledge Perspective. The perspective refocuses attention on the process by which people use and extend their cultural knowledge to identify latent materials, materials that have resource potential, and the process by which cultural knowledge is used to activate latent materials to create actual resources. We bring together and build on disparate research in marketing, sociology, and management to show the importance of understanding how the cultural knowledge of marketers and consumers is deployed for resource creation. In doing so, we show how this perspective opens avenues for hiring marketing talent, product development, marketing communications, and marketing education.

Connecting student interests and questions with science learning goals through project-based storylines

In this conceptual paper, we describe the approach in storylines that builds on principles of project-based learning and focuses on supports for making science learning coherent from the students’ perspective. In storylines, students see their science work as addressing questions and problems their class has identified. We present design principles that guide the teaching and enactment of storyline units and explore the connections of these principles to ideas of project-based science. We illustrate how these design strategies are reflected in a high school biology unit co-developed by teachers and researchers. We present student artifacts that document the agency students take on in this work. We then summarize results from earlier studies examining students’ learning and perceptions of coherence of their learning experiences.

Internal Marketing Cybersecurity-Conscious Culture

The chapter is putting forward the idea that internal marketing is a tool of which there are many to embed a culture to combat cybersecurity threats. This conceptual paper is suggesting that cybersecurity threats are multi-facet and although internal marketing is a major contributing factor in reducing the threats, other factors are in play. The shape of the organisation (i.e., bureaucratic or organic) has an important bearing on the implementation of a marketing-oriented culture, including that of internal marketing and, thus, the success of a cybersecurity-conscious organisational culture. Another significant factor in creating a cybersecurity-conscious organisational culture is the management willingness to empower and employees and their willingness to accept the responsibility to make decisions and be accountable, which requires acceptance of the authority.

Robo-Advice (RA): implications for the sociology of the professions

PurposeThis conceptual paper explores the implications for the sociology of the professions of robo-advice (RA) provided by robo-advisors (RAs) as an early example of successfully programmed algorithmic knowledge managed by artificial intelligence (AI).Design/methodology/approach The authors examine the drivers of RAs, their success, characteristics, and establish RA as an early precursor of commercialized, programmed professional advice with implications for developments in the sociology of the professions.FindingsWithin the lens of the sociology of the professions, the success of RAs suggests that the diffusion of this innovation depends on three factors: the programmed flows of automated professional knowledge are minimally disruptive, they are less costly, and attract attention because of the “on-trend” nature of algorithmic authority guided by AI. The on-trend nature of algorithmic governance and its increasing public acceptance points toward an algorithmic paradox. The contradictions arise in the gap between RA marketed to the public and as a set of professional practices.Practical implicationsThe incursion of RA-like disembodied advice into other professions is predicted given the emergence of tech-savvy clients, the tie between RA and updatable flows of big data, and an increasing shift to the “maker” or “do-it-yourself” movements.Originality/valueUsing the success of RAs in the financial industry, the authors predict that an AI-managed platform, despite the algorithmic paradox, is an avenue for growth with implications for researchers in the sociology of the professions.

A CONCEPTUAL PAPER ON THE INFLUENCE OF MUTUAL RESPECT ON LEADER-SUBORDINATE RELATIONSHIP IN THE MALAYSIAN PUBLIC SERVICES

Respect has a crucial role in a dyadic relationship, especially between leader and subordinate, because of the reciprocal costs in the relationship when respect is gained or earned. Leaders can be respected because of their position or fair treatment given to their subordinates. Respect has been featured in the leadership literature; however, few touches on the perspective of mutuality in respect, especially in a dyadic leader-subordinate relationship. The impact of the leader-subordinate relationship is significant in the Malaysian public services, as the scheme of grades determines the employees’ hierarchy. The Malaysian public services organizations' issues often arise from employees’ behavior and working relationships that affect their delivery. A high exchange of the dyadic leader and subordinate relationship correlated with desirable outcomes such as positive performance and attitudinal outcomes. One of the significant elements of the subordinates’ response is the attitude of respect towards the leader. Hence, this paper aimed to investigate the influence of mutual respect on the leader-subordinate working relationship in the public services that has implications for performance and service delivery.

Komunikasi Politik dan Branding Pemimpin Politik Melalui Media Sosial: A Conceptual Paper

The presence of digital media, such as social media allows us to connect without any limitations of space and time. Consumption of social media brings changes in various aspects of life, including the habits of communicating and interacting in today's network society. In the political field, social media creates opportunities for political leaders to carry out political communication. As a strategic political communication channel, social media plays a role in receiving and responding to public aspirations. In fact, the use of social media for campaigns by political leaders shows a trend of increasing popularity and electability due to the influence of branding on social media. The use of social media by political leaders in building specific branding is at the core of this article. Political leaders optimize their personal social media accounts for political communication. The positive perception of the public allows for an increase in popularity and electability which brings to the national political stage. This article is a conceptual paper that analyzes the concept of branding in politics in the era of digital political communication by utilizing social media. The author uses relevant literature reviews from previous studies. This article reveals that several political leaders that have been studied have optimized social media to carry out political communication to their citizens. They display digital content to gain public support and trust, and display branding as a populist, professional, humanist, and responsible political leader.

Post-pandemic marketing: when the peripheral becomes the core

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to articulate the impact of COVID-19 on marketing. It will shift from “physical first” to “digital first,” and from “selling to serving” the customers. This will impact all 4 Ps of marketing, as well as branding and innovation.Design/methodology/approachIt is a conceptual paper based on literature review. The underlying construct used is transaction cost economics (TCE).FindingsUsing TCE, the paper finds that both consumers and marketers are very willing to shift to e-commerce and digital platforms which are both convenient, as well as cost-effective. Also, customer support organization will become a strategic advantage in interactive marketing.Originality/valueThis is an original paper written specifically for the special issue on the post-pandemic shock.

COVID-19 Review, Analysis and Future Research Directions: Implications for Marketers

Purpose: The purpose of this conceptual paper is to analyze, review, and articulate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on marketers. While scholars have explored the impact of the pandemic on marketing, extant research on this topic has been disparate, unstructured, and disconnected. This paper addresses that need and contributes to the literature. Design/Methodology/Approach: This is a conceptual paper that addresses the impact of the pandemic caused to firms and retailers, and provides them with innovative and strategic directions to achieve a blueprint for success. Findings: The paper endeavors to address how e-commerce, digital technologies and tools, educational technology platforms, omnichannel strategies, corporate social responsibility strategies, and the ascendancy of minimalistic consumption can shape, boost, and bolster firm strategies through leveraging innovation and co-creation, leading to a long-term sustainable competitive advantage. Practical Implications: The paper provides guidelines and insights to firms and retailers regarding new consumer paradigms and areas, such as co-creation, minimalistic consumption, and e-commerce and digital technologies, that are particularly important in the pandemic era. In doing so, the paper provides relevant actionable, practical, and pragmatic implications for managers at firms, along with future research directions for scholars and academicians. Originality: This is one of the first conceptual papers that holistically and comprehensively addresses several germane issues that are faced by firms and retailers in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic. The paper not only identifies these critical issues, but it also provides directions for growth, along with recommendations on how firms can better invest their resources in pertinent areas that provide consumer satisfaction, thereby leading to success.