A Frequency and Voltage Coordinated Control Strategy of Island Microgrid including Electric Vehicles

Frequency and voltage deviation are important standards for measuring energy indicators. It is important for microgrids to maintain the stability of voltage and frequency (VF). Aiming at the VF regulation of microgrid caused by wind disturbance and load fluctuation, a comprehensive VF control strategy for an islanded microgrid with electric vehicles (EVs) based on Deep Deterministic Policy Gradient (DDPG) is proposed in this paper. First of all, the SOC constraints of EVs are added to construct a cluster-EV charging model, by considering the randomness of users’ travel demand and charging behavior. In addition, a four-quadrant two-way charger capacity model is introduced to build a microgrid VF control model including load, micro gas turbine (MT), EVs, and their random power increment constraints. Secondly, according to the two control goals of microgrid frequency and voltage, the structure of DDPG controller is designed. Then, the definition of space, the design of global and local reward functions, and the selection of optimal hyperparameters are completed. Finally, different scenarios are set up in an islanded microgrid with EVs, and the simulation results are compared with traditional PI control and R(λ) control. The simulation results show that the proposed DDPG controller can quickly and efficiently suppress the VF fluctuations caused by wind disturbance and load fluctuations at the same time.