Moral Values and Struggle in the Story of Saba Nan Aluih, From the Region of Padang Tarok Baso, Agam

The values ​​of struggle and moral values ​​in literature are dependent on each other. Literature is strongly influenced by the values ​​of struggle and moral values, so that everything contained in morals and struggles is reflected in literature. Thus, literary works can be approached using the values ​​of struggle and moral values. The problem of this research is about the value of struggle and moral values ​​contained in the folklore of Saba Nan Aluih. The purpose of this study is to describe the description of the values ​​of struggle and moral values ​​in the folklore of Saba Nan Aluih. The data of this study is a description of the values ​​of struggle and moral values ​​in the folklore of Saba Nan Aluih. The method used is descriptive method with qualitative analysis by describing the description of the values ​​of struggle and moral values ​​in the folklore of Saba Nan Aluih. This method is based on consideration of the suitability of the research form with the research objectives. The research instrument was carried out by means of a documentation study. Documentation study was conducted on the folklore of Saba Nan Aluih with an analysis approach to the value of struggle and moral values. From the results of this study, it can be found the results of research on the value of struggle in terms of, the value of self-sacrifice, the value of unity, the value of respect, the value of sabra and unyielding spirit, and the value of cooperation. Based on moral values, moral values ​​in human relations with oneself are divided into, responsibility for education. The moral values ​​of human relations with other humans are divided into, parental advice to children, advice between friends, parental love for children, and child affection for parents.

ANALYSIS OF SOCIAL PERCEPTIONS OF MODERN RUSSIANS ABOUT A “GOOD MOM” AND A “GOOD DAD”

Statement of the problem. The formation of conscious parenting involves systematic work with real and potential parents. In order for the system of psychological and pedagogical support of parents to be effective, it is important to understand the problematic field of modern parenting, current and potential requests for psychological assistance from the family. We believe that one of the ways to solve this problem is to study the social ideas of modern parents about various aspects of the phenomenon of parenting. The purpose of the article is to present a comparative analysis of the semantic cores of ideas about a “good mom” and a “good dad” in adults with and without children, as well as children themselves. Materials and methods. The methodological basis of the research was the concept of social representations of S. Moskovichi, generalized research in the field of social representations of Russian and foreign scientists (G.M. Andreeva, E.Yu. Volovikova, T.P. Emelyanova, L.G. Pochebut, E.V. Yakimova, J.C. Abrik, P. Verges, D. Jaudelet), as well as research in the field of parenting (A.A. Abramova, L. A. Gritsay, E. V. Evdokimova, O. A. Karabanova, R. V. Ovcharova, K. N. Polivanova, G. G. Filippova, etc.). The main methods were free associative experiment, content analysis, the method of semantic universals. A total of 96 people took part in the study. Research results. The core of the concept of “good” moms and dads, parenting in adults with and without children, and the children themselves, is love and care. The key indicator that parents are “good” for all groups of respondents is the quality of communication, relationships, and interaction. The perceptions of all groups of respondents about the roles of mom and dad are quite traditional and gender typical. Ideas about how parental love is expressed also correspond to traditional gender schemes: mom feeds and caresses, dad plays and is fun to spend time with. At the same time, it can be noted that in the view of respondents with children, the image of a father shifts from the typically masculine towards a combination of masculine and feminine qualities. The experience of parenting encourages parents to reconsider their ideas about the image and role of the mother. Conclusion. The greatest weight in all three groups of respondents was given to the characteristic of a “kind” parent. But we cannot say whether the respondents put the same understanding of this manifestation into the association. It can be assumed that one of the reasons for conflict interactions in the family is the different meaning that children and parents put into the concept of “kindness”. This requires additional study, and may be a continuation of our research. It can also be noted that the image of an “ideal” parent is perceived by potential parents as costly (in terms of time, emotionally, physically, etc.), which can be one of the reasons for postponing the birth of a child. Therefore, it is important to work with young people in the direction of correcting their social ideas about parenting.

A Far-Reaching Parental Love? Co-Governance of Intergenerational Succession and Innovation Activities in Chinese Family Firms

ABSTRACT Motivated by the research gap on intergenerational succession dynamics of family firms, this study examines the effects of initiating intergenerational succession on firms' innovation activities. We propose that initiation of intra-family succession can result in founder–successor co-governance that represents a strategic transition to the succession and incorporates the two conflicting yet complementary directions of change and continuity. Grounded in the theory of altruism, we suggest that co-governance will positively affect firms' innovation activities and that this positive link is contingent on the idiosyncratic intra-family relationships of kinship type, age difference, and gender difference between the founder and the successor. Furthermore, we posit that co-governance will lead to a flow of resources to low risk, rather than more inventive but higher risk, innovations. Based on the unbalanced panel data of 4,694 firm-year observations in our sample from listed Chinese family firms during the 2006–2015 period, empirical analysis supports our hypotheses and confirms that when examining family firms' innovation, there is a need to take the heterogeneity of the intra-family governance structure more fully into consideration.

Benevolence or Mercy? The Problem with the First Premise of the Hiddenness Argument

The first premise of J. L. Schellenberg’s Hiddenness Argument equates God’s love with a positive relationship to human beings. To illustrate this relationship, the human model of parental love is used, based on the standards of the modern American liberal world, not on the biblical standard. As a result, we attribute to God a narrowly understood horizontal relationship towards people, which is completely alien to the understanding of love developed in the Christian tradition. When we refer to the classical theism that recognized love as the central attribute of God, we will see that it should be understood in a vertical model, consisting in the offering of good and mercy. This understanding undermines the benevolent theism and replaces it with the merciful theism or theism of mercy. Ultimately, this makes the first premise of the Hiddenness Argument very questionable and the whole argument calls for a significant revision.

Conditional Parenting and its Influence on the Child’s School Activity

This article addresses the topic of conditional parenting, and it focuses on analyzing the relationship between parenting and the school activity of the student at the level of primary education. Conditional parenting, which provides the child with conditional love and self-esteem, it stands out by: focusing on the child's behavior, considering that human nature is negative and parental love is a privilege that must be earned, also being the adept of punishments and rewards. Conditional love entails the parent's desire to have an obedient child, obedience being the basis of control. `How could an obedient and conditional loved child develop competencies for the future? How well will he meets the demands of today's school or how will he relate to the faculty? These are the questions that have guided the approach of the whole mixed type research, that has been carried out over a period of half a year, using the following methods: questionnaire based survey and focus group method. Through this research, conclusions were drawn regarding conditional parenting and its influence on school activity of the pupil in the primary cycle. Starting from the interpretation of the research results, it was highlighted that the relationships between children and parents based on safety and unconditional love have contributed to the harmonious development of the child and to the skills for the future, through school.

The Role of Parental Love in the Mental Health of Children from the Perspective of the Qur’an and Hadith

Parental affection for children is a natural and necessary thing and its role in the mental health of the child is not less than meeting basic needs. Considering the importance of this issue in religious teachings and its great impact from different dimensions on the mental health of children, the purpose of this study is to explain the role of parental love in children's mental health through a descriptive-analytical method and using the Qur’anic verses and hadiths from reliable sources. Through this research, it has been proven that the parental love from the perspective of the Qur’an and Hadith causes motivation, the promotion of moral virtues, socialization, hope, etc. in children and is very effective in their mental health, providing healthy families and consequently leading to a healthy society.

Parenting style in building learning motivation in children: A case study in migrant workers’ families in Indonesia

This study aims to describe the role of parenting to students whose parents work as immigrants with substance in the form of student opinions, as well as to describe the learning motivation of students whose parents work as migrant workers with several approaches related to learning motivation. The study used a qualitative approach that took data based on the results of interviews and direct observations as a data collection instrument and then carried out descriptive analysis. The sample of this study was conducted on students at MI Al-Khoiriyah and SDN Langenharjo 2 schools whose parents worked as immigrants. The results showed that students realized that with the parenting pattern of parents who worked as immigrants this situation was only temporary, their parents worked for money to be able to meet their needs at home and students' educational needs. However, in general, students feel sad when their parents are away from them for a long time so that students experience a lack of direct parental love. Therefore, in general, students whose parents work as immigrants do not show good or high learning motivation. This can be seen from the incompleteness of eight indicators of student learning motivation at school. Suggestions for further research in the future are also discussed.

Dyadic Experiences of Love in Late-Life Repartnering Relationships

Love is desired at any age and has many meanings. Formulating new partner relationships later in life includes love as a motivation. However, experiences of love as a concept within such relationships have yet to be examined. Such an investigation could contribute to further understanding the meaning of love within new relationships formulated later in life. Thirty-eight semi-structured, qualitative interviews with older adults (19 couples) who entered a new relationship at old age after widowhood or divorce following a long-term marriage were conducted and transcribed verbatim. Dyadic interview analysis methodology was used. Unique experiences of love were identified: (1) Kinds of love: (a) pleasant love—not heated, (b) parental love—deep and quiet, and (c) sibling love; (2) phases of love: (a) being in love, (b) partial love, and (c) falling out of love yet caring. The discussion addresses late-life repartnering love as exclusive and as shifting from passion to compassion.

Exploitation and Subjugation of Women in ‘The Dark Holds no Terrors’

Shashi Deshpande has been the champion of the disquietude and struggles of women. Her works, very indisputably depict the various roles of women in their life as a wife, a mother, a sister, a daughter, , a daughter-in-law and so on. Her works can’t be called directly feminist since her works are not against man; in fact, her novel depicts the dilemma of the new educated modern working women in the traditional Indian society. This present paper attempts to critically analyse the selected novel of Shashi Deshpande _The Dark Holds No Terrors. The focus of the paper is to present why women are no longer afraid of darkness and why women are really oppressed in the society. Women, for ages altogether, have been subjected to exploitation and suppression; their lives have been spent in the darkness and thus, they are not afraid of darkness instead they feel comfort in the dark and even they feel estranged from others due to suppression by the patriarchal society. The study also attempts to highlight the fact that women are denied rights not only because of the circumstances but also because women themselves suppress other women and use men as instruments. The Dark Holds No Terrors is the story of Sarita, often referred to as Saru in the novel, and her disruptions and conflicts. The novel reveals the life of Sarita who is always neglected and ignored in favour of her brother. She is not given any heed-no parental love is shown upon her even on her birthdays. Her brother’s birthdays, however, are celebrated with full enthusiasm including the performance of the religious rituals. When her brother is drowned, she is blamed for it. Feminine sensibility is an appealing quality in literature. Almost all the writers in India express and expose this quality in their writings. The renowned novelist Shashi Deshpande is no exception in portraying this aspect in her novels. In this study, an attempt is made to study Shashi Deshpande’s women protagonists as portrayed in her novels, with a view to understand and appreciate their trials and tribulations under the impact of the conflicting influence of tradition and modernity. It critically analyses their response to the emerging situation in life so as to fit themselves in the contemporary society. The study considers the problems of her characters which have had to contend with the given situation.