A study to assess the risk factors of bronchial asthma in children below 10 years of age

Children are profoundly powerless against the negative wellbeing resulting in numerous ecological exposures. Children get proportionately more significant portions of natural toxicants than grown-ups, and the way that their organs and tissues are quickly creating makes them especially vulnerable to synthetic abuse. Asthma is a constant fiery infection of the aviation routes at present influencing over 300 million individuals around the world. The risk factors of asthma include genetic predisposition, irresistible respiratory contamination, allergens, environment, workouts, medications, additives, and occupational stimuli. The descriptive research design was used with 100 samples, which matched Non- probability convenience sampling techniques selected the inclusion criteria. Demographic variables were collected by interview method followed by assessed the risk factors of bronchial asthma in children (below ten years of age) by using a self-structured questionnaire. Out of 100 samples, 50(50%) risk factor of heredity, 71(71%) have problems in taking asthma medications, 44(44%) only use zipped pillow covers, 34(34%) do not use gas stoves in the kitchen, 10(10%) have moisture in the walls, 6(6%) have cases of asthma emergencies, 56(56%) find helpless in dealing with an asthma child.

Neighborhood-Level Factors Related to Asthma in Children Living in Urban Areas

Asthma disproportionately affects children who are non-White and of low socioeconomic status. One innovative approach to address these health disparities is to investigate the child’s neighborhood environment and factors influencing asthma symptoms. The purpose of this integrative review is to critique research investigating the relationships between neighborhood-level factors and asthma morbidity in urban children. Three literature databases were searched using the terms “asthma,” “child,” “neighborhood,” and “urban.” The articles included were organized into six themes within the larger domains of prevalence, physical, and social factors. Literature tables provide in-depth analysis of each article and demonstrate a need for strengthening analysis methods. The current research points to the necessity for a multilevel study to analyze neighborhood-level factors that are associated with increased asthma morbidity in urban children. School nurse clinicians, working within children’s neighborhoods, are uniquely positioned to assess modifiable neighborhood-level determinants of health in caring for children with asthma.

Compreensão da família acerca da asma infantil em uma unidade de urgência e emergência pediátrica

Resumo: Objetivou-se compreender o significado da asma infantil por familiares durante a exacerbação dos sintomas. Estudo qualitativorealizado em Fortaleza-Ce. A coleta dos dados ocorreu entre agosto e novembro de 2014, mediante 14 entrevistas semiestruturadas. Foi realizadaa análise de conteúdo e posteriormente, emergiram as categorias: significados atribuídos à asma; gatilhos que exacerbam os sintomasda asma; Impressão da família acerca dos entraves cotidianos da criança com asma. Os profissionais de saúde que atuam numa emergênciapediátrica precisam conhecer as reais necessidades desta clientela, com o intuito de melhorar o atendimento e consequentemente minimizaros eventos agudos e as exacerbações.Descritores: Asma; Criança; Manejo. Enfermagem.Family understanding of childhood asthma in an emergency unit and pediatric emergencyAbstract: Aimed to understand the meaning of childhood asthma by family members during the exacerbation of symptoms. Qualitativestudy in Fortaleza-Ce. Data collection took place between August and November 2014 by 14 semi-structured interviews. Contentanalysis was performed, and then, the following categories emerged: meanings attributed to asthma; triggers that exacerbate asthmasymptoms; Family impression about the daily obstacles of children with asthma. Health professionals working in a pediatric emergencyneed to know the real needs of this clientele, in order to improve customer service and thereby minimize acute events and exacerbations.Descriptors: Asthma; Child; Handling; Nursing.La comprensión de la familia del asma infantil en una unidad de emergencias y urgencias pediátricasResumen: Este artículo tiene como objetivo caracterizar la organización estructural de las unidades básicas de la Estrategia Salud de La Familia(ESF), con vistas a efectivación de la assistência em la prevención de los cánceres de la mama e del cuello uterino. Estudio transversal, de enfoquecuantitativo, desarollado em 61 unidades del ESF. Los resultados revelaran la falta de algunos recursos de la infraestructura importantes parala execución del trabajo de lo enfermero, así como la falta de algunos profesionales. La falta de los espacios apropriados para la efecacia de laasistencia a prevención de ambos los cánceres interfiere diretamente em la calidad prestada.Descriptores: Prevención de Cáncer de Mama, Neoplasia Del Cuello Uterino Atención, Primaria de Salud.

Identification of risk for wheezing at home by caregivers

ABSTRACTObjective: to investigate the ability of caregivers in identification of risk factors for wheezing existing residences of children wheezing and/or asthmatic children under five years. Method: this about an exploratory, cross-sectional study, from quantitative approach, performed with caregivers of children wheezing and/or asthma assisted in two Family Health Units in Jaboatão dos Guararapes city, Pernambuco, Brasil. Data were collected with the use of two techniques: interviews and field observation after the study has been approved by the Ethics in Research from University of Pernambuco, protocol number 314/09 (CAAE 0312.0.172.000-09). Results: the main triggers for crises wheezing identified by the caregivers were cold (95%), exposure to allergens dust (87,5%) and temperature changes (85%). Among the bedrooms observed by the researchers, 72,5% had a cement floor, 87,5% curtains, 65% were not airy;17,5% had passive exposure to smoke. It was found that none of the children wore pillow and foam mattress with adequate cover properly. Conclusion: most of the households, the caregivers recognized the triggers of wheezing, however, only a minority made environmental changes and behavioral. Descriptors: asthma; child; respiratory sounds; risk factors. RESUMOObjetivo: investigar a capacidade dos cuidadores na identificação dos fatores de risco para sibilância existentes no domicílio de crianças sibilantes e/ou asmáticas menores de cinco anos. Método: estudo do tipo exploratório, transversal, com abordagem quantitativa, realizado com cuidadores de crianças sibilantes e/ou asmáticas assistidas em duas Unidades de Saúde da Família na cidade de Jaboatão dos Guararapes, Pernambuco, Brasil. Os dados foram coletados com o emprego de duas técnicas: entrevista e observação de campo. O estudo foi aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa da Universidade Federal de Pernambuco sob número de protocolo número 314/09 (CAAE 0312.0.172.000-09). Resultados: os principais desencadeantes para as crises de sibilância, identificados por cuidadores, foram o resfriado (95%), exposição aos alérgenos da poeira (87,5%) e mudanças de temperatura (85%). Entre os dormitórios observados pelas pesquisadoras, 72,5% apresentavam piso de cimento; 87,5 cortinas; 65% não eram arejados; em 17,5% havia exposição passiva ao fumo. Constatou-se que nenhuma das crianças usava travesseiro e colchão de espuma com capa adequada. Conclusão: na maioria dos domicílios, os cuidadores reconheciam os fatores desencadeantes das crises de sibilância, entretanto, apenas a minoria realizou mudanças ambientais e comportamentais. Descritores: asma; criança; sibilo; fatores de risco.RESUMENObjetivo: investigar la capacidad de los cuidadores em la identificación de factores de riesgo para sibilancias residencias existentes sibilancias de los niños y/o ninõs asmáticos menores de cinco anos. Método: és el estúdio exploratório, de corte transversal, con enfoque cuantitativo, realizado com cuidadores de los ninõs con sibilancias y/o asma asistudos en dos Unidades de Salud Familiar en la ciudad de Jaboatão dos Guararapes,Pernambuco, Brasil. El los datos fueron recogidos mediante dos técnicas: entrevista y observación de campo. El etúdio fue aprobado por la Etica em Pesquisa de la Universidad de Pernambuco con número de protocolo 314/09 (CAAE 0312.0.172.00-09). Resultados: los principales factores desencadenates de las crisis sibilancias identificados por los cuidadores o eran frios (95%), la exposición a los alérgenos polvo (87,5%) y los cabios de temperatura (85%). Entre los habitaciones observada por los investigadores, el 72,5% tênia piso de cemento, 87,5% cortinas, el 65% no fueron aireado y el 17,5% la exposición pasiva al humo. Se encontro que ninguno de los ninõs llevaban almohada y colchones de espuma con uma cubierta adecuada. Conclusión: en la mayoría de los hogares los cuidadores reconocen la activión de los sibilancias sin embargo, solo uma minoría llevado a cabo los câmbios ambientales y de comportamiento. Descriptores: asma; niño; ruídos respiratórios; factores de riesgo.

Migraine and Asthma in Childhood: Evidence for Specific Asymmetric Parent-Child Interactions in Migraine and Asthma Families

In spite of the fact that migraine often manifests as a familial disorder, the role of the family in migraine has not been adequately explored. In this study parent-child interactions in 20 families with a child suffering from migraine were analysed and compared with 20 healthy families and 20 families with an asthma child. The families had to solve a puzzle within a limited time. Parent-child interactions within migraine and asthma families were asymmetric, revealing a disease-specific interpersonal context in the family. Communication with the affected child in migraine families was significantly more directive, with more specific instructions and less help, towards migraineurs than with the healthy siblings. Dominance of parents and submissive behaviour of children were the main features of interactions. In asthma families interactions were more conflicting and less cooperative. This study demonstrated a specific, asymmetric, pattern of family interactions predisposing children either to migraine or asthma.