Impact of Cynicism Behaviour on Employee Engagement

An Employee is the pillar of strength in an organization, his contribution towards work is vital. Several problems are faced by an employee while working in the organization; it can be in the form of his work life balance, interpersonal relationship with his superiors or colleagues, health issues, job satisfaction, and job commitment. The word ‘Cynicism’ denotes the belief that people always act selfishly. Employee Cynicism refers to an attitude that arises due to frustration, hopelessness etc. Now-a-days,Employers are willing to recruit an employee who is engaged in the organization for the long period. Engaging an employee with the organization is a difficult task. Employee Engagement insists to make an employee aligning with the company vision, mission, and goals. The researcher wants to study the impact of Cynicism behaviour on Employee Engagement at the workplace.

Mediating role of intrinsic work motivation in relationship between job commitment and professional ethics with firefighters' extra-role performance

Introduction: A firefighting job is a demanding job that has a high degree of stress due to constant exposure to life-threatening conditions. Therefore, the present study investigates the mediating role of intrinsic job motivation in the relationship between job commitment and professional ethics with extra-role performance among firefighters in Isfahan. Materials and Methods: The type of study was descriptive and correlational. The statistical population included all firefighters in Isfahan, from which 228 people were selected as a sample through random sampling. The instruments used include internal job motivation questionnaires (Gagne et al., 2015), job commitment (Blau, 2009), professional ethics (Hackerina, 2011), and extra-role performance (Lee and Allen, 2002). Data were analyzed by the Pearson correlation coefficient and structural equation modeling (SEM). SPSS23 and Smart PLS3 software were used for data analysis. Results: The results showed that professional ethics has a direct effect on intrinsic job motivation, extra-role performance toward organization and individual; Intrinsic job motivation affects directly on the extra-role performance toward an individual; Job commitment has a direct effect on intrinsic job motivation and extra-role performance toward the organization (P <0.05). Also, the proposed model has a good fit and by examining the indirect and mediating effects through the bootstrapping method in PLS software, was shown that intrinsic job motivation mediates the effect of job commitment and professional ethics on the extra- role performance toward the individual. Conclusion: The findings of the present study showed that professional ethics and job commitment could increase extra-role behaviors through intrinsic job motivation. Therefore, due to the role and importance of extra-role behaviors in the firefighting profession, attention to this should be considered by managers and policymakers of this organization.

Financial Rewards and Job Commitment Among Public Secondary School Teachers in Ogun State, Nigeria

The paper aims to examine the effects of financial rewards on job commitment among public secondary school teachers in Ogun State, Nigeria. The study was anchored on the interpretative meaning of expectancy theory. The sample consisted of 750 public secondary school teachers drawn from the three senatorial districts of Ogun State. A structured questionnaire was used to elicit information on socio-demographic characteristics and types of financial rewards available to public secondary school teachers in Ogun State. The data collected were analyzed using frequency counts and percentages. The hypothesis stipulated was analyzedusing Pearson product moment. The study found out that prompt payment of teachers’ salaries induce higher commitment to teaching, public school teachers were not satisfied with the government remuneration and there was positive and strong relationship between financial rewards and teachers job commitment (r = 0.74). The study concluded that there is significant relationship between financial rewards and teachers’ job commitment. The authors recommended that the government should provide a special salary structure for government secondary school teachers like their counterparts in other professions since they are disputably the most significant group of professionals for any nation’s economy.

The link between networking behaviours and work outcomes: the role of political skills

PurposeNetworking behaviours are important for a range of work outcomes. Little empirical evidence of how internal vs external networking behaviours influence job commitment and job performance exists and whether political skills moderate these relationships. Using theories of social capital and personal initiative, this study examines the effect of internal and external networking behaviours on job commitment and job performance in the context of political skills.Design/methodology/approachBased on a sequential mixed-method research design with a four-month time lag, Study 1 data on networking behaviours, political skills and work outcomes were collected via a survey of middle managers and their supervisors from ten private sector organisations operating in Sri Lanka. Study 2 data were collected via interviews of a set of middle managers and their supervisors.FindingsStudy 1 findings indicate a positive relationship between internal networking behaviours and both job commitment and job performance. The authors also found a moderating effect of political skills on internal networking behaviours and job commitment. Study 2 findings explained, strengthened and extended results of Study 1.Practical implicationsMiddle managers can use these research findings to understand how internal networking behaviours improve their job commitment and job performance. These managers can use their political skills and internal networking behaviours to improve their job commitment. They can also advance their career through improved job commitment and job performance. Senior managers and human resource managers should facilitate and encourage internal networking behaviours. Training and development managers should develop middle managers' networking behaviours and political skills.Originality/valueThis study provides pioneering evidence of how internal networking behaviours impact middle managers' job performance and job commitment, and how internal networking behaviours improve job commitment for middle managers with high political skills.

Job commitment for special education teachers

1. Employee Engagement of special education teachers. 2. differences in the Employee Engagement for special education teachers based on the following variable: sex (Male & Female) In order to achieve the objectives of the research, the researchers followed the basic steps according to which the process of building educational and psychological standards proceeds, The Employee Engagement scale consisting of (35) items was built in its final form After completing the construction of the research tools, the application was applied to the final research sample amounting to (172) members of the educational staff (teachers) classes of special education in government schools in Babylon Governorate in its various districts for the academic year (2020-2021), and the data was processed statistically using the statistical bag ( SPSS) and the research reached the following results: 1. special education teachers enjoys the Hardiness. 2. There are no remarkable differences statistically shown at ( 0,05) level in the Employee Engagement based on the following variable: sex (Male & Female) In the light of the findigs, som recommendations and suggestion Were given.

Leadership behavior of deans as a determinant of faculty job satisfaction and job commitment

Background: Faculty job satisfaction and commitment contribute to the success of academic programs of a college. The main purpose of the study was to determine the relationship of leadership behavior of the deans of nursing colleges to the job satisfaction and job commitment of the faculty members.Methods: The study used a descriptive correlational design. Twenty deans and 100 faculty members from 20 nursing colleges in the National Capital Region, Philippines participated. Survey instruments used were the (1) modified Leader Behavior Description Questionnaire, (2) modified Minnesota Job Satisfaction Questionnaire, and (3) Job Commitment Questionnaire. Leadership behavior was measured based on the “initiating structure” and “consideration” dimensions.Results: Deans of nursing schools viewed their leadership behavior as “highly initiating” (M = 44.0, SD = 5.61) and “very highly considerate” (M = 50.1, SD = 4.99). Assessment of faculty members revealed congruent findings for the leadership dimensions of initiating structure (M = 46.6, SD = 3.83) and consideration (M = 49.9, SD = 2.66). Faculty members were generally “satisfied” (M = 4.20, SD = .25) and “committed” (M = 4.00, SD = .23) to their teaching job. Among the recently established colleges, the “initiating structure” dimension was highly positively correlated with job commitment of faculty members, r = .82, p < .05. There were no statistically significant relationships between the school classification, and the job satisfaction and job commitment of nursing faculty members.Conclusions: Measures must be instituted to improve the “initiating structure” behavior of deans of recently established nursing schools to increase job commitment of faculty members. Other factors associated with job satisfaction and job commitment should be explored.

Impact of Job Design on Employees Psychological Work Reactions (Job Satisfaction &Turnover Intentions, Organizational Commitment & Organizational Citizenship Behavior): Empirical Evidence from the Universities of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa

This study explores the effect of job design on employees psychological work reactions i.e. (job satisfaction and commitment) on employee’s organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) of public sector universities of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP), Pakistan. The objective of the study was to measure the effect of job characteristics on OCB, satisfaction and commitment and regression analysis predicts that a job characteristic was found as a significant predictor of OCB, job satisfaction and job commitment in public sector employee. Result of the study revealed that job characteristic is a significant predictor of OCB, job commitment and job satisfaction. Recommendation and suggestions are also included in the study.

Predictive Path Modelling of Indicators of Secondary School Instructors’ Affective, Continuance and Normative Job Commitment

There is a growing body of literature investigating the impact of retraining and motivation on employee work efficiency. However, little seems to be understood about the effects of employee placement on the commitment of teachers to their jobs. To the best of the researcher's awareness, the partial and composite impact of staff placement, retraining, and motivation on the three aspects of job commitment (affective, continuance and normative) among secondary educators have scarcely been examined. This research was intended to fill this vacuum by using a predictive path modelling approach to analyse the association between these endogenous and exogenous variables. A random sample of 500 secondary school principals was surveyed using two forms of questionnaires. Collected data were analysed and formulated hypotheses tested using Path and multiple linear regression analyses, with the aid of Amos and SPSS packages. Findings indicated that staff placement and motivation were highly predictive of instructors' commitment (at the affective and continuance dimension), but not at the normative dimension; Employee dedication in the three dimensions was not predicted by personnel retraining, but it did result in employee attrition; workers retraining only increased teachers' work commitment when it was augmented with placement and motivation. The combined effect of staff placement, retraining, and motivation was statistically significant in two dimensions of teachers’ job commitment (affective and continuance), but not on the normative dimension. Based on these findings, policy and theoretical ramifications for effective instructional management, assessment, classroom practice, and future study are discussed. Received: 30 March 2021 / Accepted: 27 July 2021 / Published: 5 November 2021