Operational Basin Larvicide Evaluations in Northern Cook County, Illinois During 2019 and 2020

ABSTRACT Over the course of 2019 and 2020, 7 larvicide formulations for use in catch basins were evaluated using a standardized pass/fail protocol. A comparison between 1- and 2-pouch doses of VectoLex® water-soluble pouches (WSP; 10 g per pouch) and 20 g of VectoLex FG (loose granules) suggests that the WSP formulation may have a shorter duration than the FG formulation. Results also suggest that 20 g doses of each of 2 larvicides, Duplex™-G and Sumilarv® 0.5G, may have a minimum effective duration in basins for approximately 40 days. A 20 g dose of Altosid® XR-G and a single briquet Altosid XR each had an observed minimum effective duration of 20 days. Sustain MBG had an observed duration of only 7 wk posttreatment. These observations provide evidence that, in some locations, 20 g granular applications may have a longer effective duration than a single briquet. This work highlights the utility of applying a standardized protocol for routine quality control assessments of the thousands of catch basin larvicide applications performed seasonally by mosquito abatement districts.

Development and Validation of a Stability-Indicating Method for the Determination of Pazopanib Hydrochloride by RP-HPLC

A precise, accurate, highly sensitive, rapid, and reproducible stability HPLC method was developed and validated for the estimation of Pazopanib Hydrochloride (PAZO) in bulk and tablet dosage form. Decent quality chromatographic separation of Pazopanib Hydrochloride was done by using Eclipse plus C18 column (4.5 mm i.e. X 150 mm, 3.5µm particle size) (based on 99.99 % ultra-high purity silica) using mobile phase that containing 0.1 % Orthophosphoric acid: Acetonitrile (55:45 % v\v) at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/minute. The wavelength ?max of PAZO used for the detection was found to be 271.4 nm. The retention time for Pazopanib was found to 1.43 minutes. The PAZO was linear in the concentration range of 2-10 µg/mL (r2 = 0.9999) for HPLC method. The regression equation for PAZO was found to be Y = 700955 x + 28022 for HPLC. The LOD and LOQ were found to be 0.1675 ?g/mL, 0.0552 µg/mL for the HPLC method, respectively. The developed methods are validated in pursuance of ICH Q2 (R1) guidelines. The method was linear, precise, accurate with recoveries in the range of 98 – 102 %, and minimum values of % RSD indicate the accuracy of the method. The % assay of the PAZO was found to be 99.85 ± 1.2, which was in good agreement with the labeled claim. Pazopanib was subjected to stressed conditions like acidic, basic, oxidative, photolytic, and thermal conditions. The degradation results were found satisfactory. The developed gradient RP-HPLC method can be successfully practiced for the routine quality control analysis of PAZO in pharmaceutical tablets and routine quality control analysis.

A New Ecological HPLC Method for Determination of Vancomycin Dosage form

Aims: To develop and validate a new ecological HPLC method for the determination of vancomycin dosage form. Background: Vancomycin is an important antimicrobial. According to the literature, there are many methods that use HPLC, but none of these methods follow the green analytical chemistry principles. Objective: Therefore, a green analytical method to quantify vancomycin in lyophilized powder for injectable solution by HPLC was developed. Materials and Methods: It uses less quantity of toxic solvents, minimizing the costs and optimizing the time of analysis. Water + 0.1% acetic acid and ethanol (85:15, v/v), 0.5 mL min-1, and C18 column (15 cm) at 280 nm were used. Results and Discussion: The method was linear in the range of 40 to 140 μg mL-1, with a correlation coefficient of 0.9998. It was selective when subjected to acid 0.1M, basic 0.01M, oxidative 0.3%, UV light and neutral degradation in a bath of 60 ºC for 8 hours. The precision of the method was proved at intraday (RSD 1.08%), interday (RSD 0.47%) and intermediate levels (RSD 2.35%). It was accurate with a mean recovery of 100.19% and robust when changes were performed in seven parameters of the method and analyzed by the Youden and Steiner test. Conclusion: The method can be applied to routine quality control of vancomycin lyophilized powder for injectable solution as an ecological and sustainable alternative that contemplates the green analytical chemistry and the current pharmaceutical analyses.

Quantitative Determination of Aloin in Aloe vera and Its Antioxidant Activity

Abstract-Aloe verais a popular medicinal plant used widely by the cosmetic, pharmaceutical and food industries. The Aloe veragel, which is used mostly for its positive effects on human health, contains over 75 different bioactive compounds, includingaloin.AsensitiveandreliabledensitometricHighPerformanceThinLayerChromatography method has been developed for the quantification of aloin, an anthraquinone present in Aloe vera leaves. Chromatographic analysis was performed using methanol extract of leaves of Aloe verausing solvent systemethyl acetate: Methanol: water (100:13.5:10). Detection and quantification of aloin was done by densitometric scanning at 350nm. The results of linearity range and correlation coefficient show that there was a good correlation between peak area and corresponding concentration of aloin. The method developed here in can be implemented in the analysis and routine quality control of herbal materials. Antioxidant activity of Aloe verawas also done by using DPPH method and found that Aloe verais also a natural antioxidant.

Development of bioanalytical standardization parameters of Alocasia indica tuber by HPTLC technique

Alocasia indica is perennial herb growing widely and used as traditional medicine in India, China and Bangladesh. The divine herb has potent medicinal values for the treatment of different type of illnesses. The HPTLC techniques were used to separate active components from ethanolic extract of tuber part of A. indica. This examination was intended to designed a HPTLC fingerprint profile of crude extract of the plant in ethanol. A HPTLC method for the isolation of various active constituents in A. indica ethanolic extract have been developed and solvent system for quercetin the mobile phase used was toluene: ethyl acetate: formic acid (5:2:1) and for analysis of β-sitosterol the mobile phase used was chloroform: ethyl acetate: formic acid (6:4:1) . In the present investigation, HPTLC fingerprint of extract of dried tuber part of A. indica have been performed and the results demonstrated that important information for standardization. The HPTLC system for routine quality control of present species can be used for ethanolic extract and serve in qualitative, quantitative and was appropriate for standardization of the plant.