A systematic analysis of identity based encryption (IBE)

Light-weight cryptography is a major research area due to the minimization of the size of the devices utilized for such services. The associated security threats do increase as their applications are more now. Identity-Based Encryption (IBE) with its wide range of cryptographic schemes and protocols is specifically found suitable for low-end devices that have much resource constraint. This work describes various schemes and protocols in IBE. In this paper an analysis of IBE schemes and the various attacks they are prone to are discussed. The future trends are found to be very promising and challenging.

Anti-bacterial Efficacy of WHO Recommended Locally made Alcohol based Hand Rub in a Resource Constraint Environment

Healthcare-associated infections (HCAIs) are a major concern and associated with noticeable morbidity and mortality. To combat this, the simple strategy is hand hygiene (HH). In a resource constraint settings one of the important reason for poor hand hygiene compliance is irregular supply of HH products. This study was done to assess the cost effectiveness and acceptability of WHO recommended locally made alcohol based hand rub. The study was carried out in 28 HCPs working in an IMCU. Samples for the assessment of the microbial hand contamination were collected by direct fingerprint of their dominant hand onto the blood agar plates at three different time point. Group A samples collected in random. Group B samples collected immediately after patient physical examination. Group C were group B representatives collected after cleaning their hands with locally made isopropyl alcohol based hand rub. No significant difference in colony count between the groups A and B was observed. On the other hand, there was a statistically significant difference in colony count between the groups B and C (P=0.05). It means that the rubbing of the hands using locally made WHO recommended hand sanitizer enabled to eradicate the bacterial flora remarkably from the hands of HCPs.

Diagnosis and Management of Diffuse Large B Cell Lymphoma in Resource Constraint Settings: Society of Medical Oncology Pakistan, Pakistan Society of Haematology and Pakistan Society of Clinical Oncology Joint Clinical Practice Guideline

Purpose: To provide evidence-based recommendations for health care professionals on diagnosis and management of diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) in resource constraint settings with variable and often limited access to standard of care and advanced diagnostic and therapeutic facilities. Methods: Modified Delphi methodology[1] was used to generate consensus by experts of three major cancer societies of Pakistan; namely Society of Medical Oncology Pakistan (SMOP), Pakistan Society of Hematology (PSH) and Pakistan Society of Clinical Oncology (PSCO). Guidelines questions were drafted and meetings were convened by steering committee to develop initial recommendations based on local challenges and review of the literature. Consensus panel reviewed the initial draft recommendations and rated the guidelines on five-point Likert scale; recommendations achieving more than 75% consensus were accepted. Resource grouping initially suggested by Breast Health Global Initiative[2] was applied for resource stratification into basic, core and enhanced resource settings. Results: The expert panel advised use of limited immunohistochemistry (IHC) including CD20, CD3 and Ki67% for initial diagnosis in core (limited) resource settings and extended panel in enhanced resources. Cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine and prednisolone (CHOP) with or without rituximab (as per resource setting) remains the standard first line treatment while second line treatment should be offered based on resource availability and patient related factors. Both intra thecal and high dose methotrexate can be used for CNS prophylaxis. Recommendations by guideline committee are listed in Table 1. Conclusion: Diagnosis and treatment recommendations in resource constraint settings should be developed based on available diagnostic, therapeutic resources and management expertise. References: Niederberger, M. and J.J.F.i.p.h. Spranger, Delphi Technique in Health Sciences: A Map. 2020. 8: p. 457.Eniu, A., et al., Guideline implementation for breast healthcare in low-and middle-Income countries: Treatment resource allocation. 2008. 113(S8): p. 2269-2281. Figure 1 Figure 1. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

The Effect of Dual-level Transformational Leadership on New Firm Performance

In recent years, entrepreneurial bricolage acts as an effective way to solve the problem of resource constraint in new firms, and then gradually attracted attention from related scholars in entrepreneurship field. However, the existing literatures have an obviously insufficient of the implementation and driving factor of entrepreneurial bricolage behavior. Therefore, in this paper, we integrate entrepreneurial bricolage theory with transformational leadership theory to construct a theory model among dual-level (i.e., individual-focused and group-focused) transformational leadership, entrepreneurial bricolage and new firm performance by means of 194 questionnaires to empirical analysis. The results show that the entrepreneurial bricolage has the mediated role in the relationship between dual-level transformational leadership and new firm performance.

The Effect of Dual-Level Transformational Leadership on New Firm Performance

In recent years, entrepreneurial bricolage acts as an effective way to solve the problem of resource constraint in new firms, and then gradually attracted attention from related scholars in entrepreneurship field. However, the existing literatures have an obviously insufficient of the implementation and driving factor of entrepreneurial bricolage behavior. Therefore, in this paper, we integrate entrepreneurial bricolage theory with transformational leadership theory to construct a theory model among dual-level (i.e., individual-focused and group-focused) transformational leadership, entrepreneurial bricolage and new firm performance by means of 194 questionnaires to empirical analysis. The results show that the entrepreneurial bricolage has the mediated role in the relationship between dual-level transformational leadership and new firm performance.

Double-edged role of resource competition in gene expression noise and control

Despite extensive investigation demonstrating that resource competition can significantly alter the circuits' deterministic behaviors, a fundamental issue is how resource competition contributes to the gene expression noise and how the noise can be controlled. Utilizing a two-gene circuit as a prototypical system, we uncover a surprising double-edged role of resource competition in gene expression noise: the competition decreases noise through a resource constraint but generates its own type of noise which we name as ''resource competitive noise.'' Utilization of orthogonal resources enables retaining the noise reduction conferred by resource constraint while removing the added resource competitive noise. The noise reduction effects are studied using three negative feedback controller types: negatively competitive regulation (NCR), local, and global controllers, each having four placement architectures in the protein biosynthesis pathway (mRNA or protein inhibition on transcription or translation). Our results show that both local and NCR controllers with mRNA-mediated inhibition are efficacious at reducing noise, with NCR controllers demonstrating a superior noise-reduction capability. We also find that combining negative feedback controllers with orthogonal resources can improve the local controllers. This work provides deep insights into the origin of stochasticity in gene circuits with resource competition and guidance for developing effective noise control strategies.