OPTIMISATION OF A MOBILE METHOD FOR MEASURING ROAD LIGHTING CHARACTERISTICS (LUMINANCE AND ILLUMINANCE)

In today's urban environment it is extremely difficult to perform road lighting measurements using standard stationary methods. The mobile measurement method remains, in fact, the only possible way of assessing the quality of outdoor lighting. The presented work is aimed at improving the existing measurement methods in terms of quality, speed of measurement and safety of personnel.

Smart Air Quality Monitoring and Sensing Device (SAQM Sensing Device)

Air pollution is the biggest problem of every nation, whether it is developed or developing. Health problems have been growing at faster rate especially in urban areas of developing countries where industrialization and growing number of vehicles leads to release of lot of gaseous pollutants. Harmful effects of pollution include mild allergic reactions such as irritation of the throat, eyes and nose as well as some serious problems like bronchitis, heart diseases, pneumonia, lung and aggravated asthma. According to a survey, due to air pollution 50,000 to 100,000 premature deaths per year occur in the U.S. alone. LPG sensor is added in this system which is used mostly in houses. The system will show temperature and humidity. The system can be installed anywhere but mostly in industries and houses where gases are mostly to be found and gives an alert message when the system crosses threshold limit. The advantages of the detector, have a reliable stability, rapid response recovery and long-life features. It is affordable, userfriendly, low-cost and minimum-power requirement hardware which is appropriate for mobile measurement, as well as comprehensible data collection

Ethane measurement by Picarro CRDS G2201-i in laboratory and field conditions: potential and limitations

Atmospheric ethane can be used as a tracer to distinguish methane sources, both at the local and global scale. Currently, ethane can be measured in the field using flasks or in situ analyzers. In our study, we characterized the CRDS Picarro G2201-i instrument, originally designed to measure isotopic CH4 and CO2, for measurements of ethane-to-methane ratio in mobile-measurement scenarios, near sources and under field conditions. We evaluated the limitations and potential of using the CRDS G2201-i to measure the ethane-to-methane ratio, thus extending the instrument application to simultaneously measure two methane source proxies in the field: carbon isotopic ratio and the ethane-to-methane ratio. First, laboratory tests were run to characterize the instrument in stationary conditions. Subsequently, the instrument performance was tested in field conditions as part of a controlled release experiment. Finally, the instrument was tested during mobile measurements focused on gas compressor stations. The results from the field were afterwards compared with the results obtained from instruments specifically designed for ethane measurements. Our study shows the potential of using the CRDS G2201-i instrument in a mobile configuration to determine the ethane-to-methane ratio in methane plumes under measurement conditions with an ethane uncertainty of 50 ppb. Assuming typical ethane-to-methane ratios ranging between 0 and 0.1 ppb ppb−1, we conclude that the instrument can accurately estimate the “true” ethane-to-methane ratio within 1σ uncertainty when CH4 enhancements are at least 1 ppm, as can be found in the vicinity of strongly emitting sites such as natural gas compressor stations and roadside gas pipeline leaks.

Evaluation of oil and gas methane emissions in Romania using mobile measurements

<p>Romania has been a pioneer country in oil and gas (O&G) exploration in Europe and is the largest producer of O&G in Central and Eastern Europe. However, many installations are old and production levels are decreasing. The ROMEO measurement campaign was carried out in Romania to evaluate methane emissions form onshore O&G operations in Romania in 2019 (ROMEO, 2019). In this program, Technical University of Denmark (DTU) and TNO used mobile-van-based measurements in combination with tracer release to quantify emissions. A total set of 200 oil and gas wells, and facilities were evaluated and emissions were quantified. Methane emission rates ranged largely between about 0.02 and 38 g s<sup>-1</sup>, following a “heavy-tailed” lognormal distribution. A small number of sites (5%) were responsible for 55% of the total emission. Decreasing emissions only from the few high-emitters would effectively decrease methane emissions from the investigated area. This shows the value of site-specific evaluation from the ground. In this presentation, the mobile measurement equipped vans will be shown and methodological issues will be addressed. Also the results in terms of the emission distribution will be presented. The outcome of this study can help the Romanian O&G companies to set priorities in leak repair, which can then lead to a quick win in emission reduction.</p><p><strong>References</strong></p><p>ROMEO, 2019. ROMEO - ROmanian Methane Emissions from Oil & gas. URL http://romeo-memo2.wikidot.com/ (last accessed 13.01.21).</p>

On the use of active mobile and stationary devices for detailed traffic data collection: A simulation-based evaluation

The process of collecting traffic data is a key component to evaluate the current state of a transportation network and to analyze movements of vehicles. In this paper, we argue that both active stationary and mobile measurement devices should be taken into account for high-quality traffic data with sufficient geographic coverage. Stationary devices are able to collect data over time at certain locations in the network and mobile devices are able to gather data over large geographic regions. Hence, the two types of measurement devices have complementary properties and should be used in conjunction with each other in the data collection process. To evaluate the complementary characteristics of stationary and mobile devices for traffic data collection, we present a traffic simulation model, which we use to study the share of successfully identified vehicles when using both types of devices with varying identification rate. The results from our simulation study, using freight transport in southern Sweden, shows that the share of successfully identified vehicles can be significantly improved by using both stationary and mobile measurement devices.