PHYTOCHEMICAL INVESTIGATION, SPECTRUM ANALYSIS OF SALVADORA PERSICA AND CRESCENTIA CUJETE

Salvadora persica is a well-known medicinal plant which belongs to the family Salvadoraceae. It is commonly known as the Meswak tree. Calabash tree or Crescentia cujete tree belongs to the family of Bignoniaceae. It is also known as the gourd tree. These two plants have been studied by preliminary phytochemical and FTIR analysis. Data gathered on solvent extraction and preliminary phytochemical method suggested that the presence of primary and secondary metabolites in leaf tissue. Two solvents such as ethanol and aqueous are used here to reveal the phytocompounds and extend our work to find out the various functional groups present in these two plants through FTIR analysis was done. Spectrum of Salvadora persica showed 5 peaks that are 599.89, 654.86, 1409.06, 1431.24, 2930.96 and spectrum of Crescentia cujete showed that 13 peaks that are 470.65, 520.80, 630.75, 652.93, 776.38, 1060.89, 1155.41, 1248, 1321.30, 1431.24, 1527.69, 2860.56, 2924.21. The present study revealed that the functional groups of both plants, such as alcohols or phenols, alkanes, amines, esters or carboxylic acid or lactones, aldehyde or ketones, acetates and ethylene.

Antibacterial Activity Test of Wet and Dried Extracts of Calabash Tree (Crescentia cujete L.) against Aeromonas hydrophilla

Study to determine the antibacterial activity of wet and dry extract of the leaf, fruit, and bark of Calabash tree (Crescentia cujete L.) against the growth of Aeromonas hydrophila. The solvent extraction process was done by using 96% ethanol in the maceration method. Antibacterial test results using diffusion agar to decide clear zone and tube series of dilution test to provide MIC and MBC. Fresh leaf extract produces the highest clear zone diameter (20.06 mm), after which fresh bark extract (12.81 mm), and the last is fresh fruit extract (3.22 mm). In contrast to fresh extracts, the dried extracts are have not clear zone. MIC (Minimum Inhibitory Concentration) of Calabash Tree fresh leaf extract against Aeromonas hydrophila is 80%, and MBC (Minimum Bactericidal Concentration) is 100%.

V.—Notes on the Geology of the Bermuda Islands

In a very interesting article on the Geology of Bermuda, published in this Magazine for September and October, 1911 (pp. 385–95 and 433–42, Pls. XVIII–XXIII), the late Rev. R. Ashington Bullen states, on p. 390, that Admiral's Cave at Spanish Point is in the Walsingham Formation. This statement is evidently due to a slip in map-reading, Admiralty Cove being the boat harbour of Admiralty House near Spanish Point, whereas the Admiral's Cave, whencethe Pœcilozonites nelsoni in the British Museum were derived, is the “cave near the calabash-tree” mentioned on p. 439. This cave owes its name to the visit of Admiral Milne, and the base of his stalagmite is still in evidence, bearing his tool marks. It is one of the largest and most remarkable of the many caves between Bailey's Bay and Tuckerstown.