Single-cell characterization of CRISPR-modified transcript isoforms with nanopore sequencing

We developed a single-cell approach to detect CRISPR-modified mRNA transcript structures. This method assesses how genetic variants at splicing sites and splicing factors contribute to alternative mRNA isoforms. We determine how alternative splicing is regulated by editing target exon-intron segments or splicing factors by CRISPR-Cas9 and their consequences on transcriptome profile. Our method combines long-read sequencing to characterize the transcript structure and short-read sequencing to match the single-cell gene expression profiles and gRNA sequence and therefore provides targeted genomic edits and transcript isoform structure detection at single-cell resolution.

Research on the Present Situation and Development Trend of Subway Tunnel Inspection Vehicle

For the operational subway tunnel, the manual inspection accounts for the majority in terms of detecting the diseases and damage of tunnel. The accuracy of manual inspection mainly depends on the professional level of the detection personnel, and the whole detection process always is inefficient, which cannot meet the needs of actual tunnels. To address this issue, the intelligent mobile tunnel detection vehicle emerges as the times require. By using advanced technologies such as laser scanning and high-speed camera array, the subway tunnel detection vehicle has achieved the advantages of simple operation, comprehensive function and automatic detection. However, the current subway tunnel detection vehicle mainly realizes the scanning detection of tunnel surface diseases, and the detection of tunnel structural diseases is less involved. Based on the track and tunnel detection requirements, this study analyzes the current situation and existing problems of subway tunnel detection comprehensively, puts forward the development direction of tunnel structure detection, and the application prospect of intelligent detection vehicle in subway tunnel is prospected.

Mass Spectrometry (Imaging) for Detection and Identification of Cyclic AMPs: Focus on Human Neutrophil Peptides (HNPs)

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are known best for their role in innate immunity against bacteria, viruses, parasites and fungi. However, not only are they showing increasing promise as potential antimicrobial drug candidates, recently, it has been reported that certain AMPs also show a cytotoxic effect against cancer cells. Their possible antitumor effect could make AMPs interesting candidate cancer biomarkers and a possible lead for new anticancer therapy. Due to their cyclic structure, detection and identification of AMPs is challenging, however, mass spectrometry (imaging; MSI) has been shown as a powerful tool for visualization and identification of (unknown) cyclic AMPs. In this chapter, we will discuss how mass spectrometry (imaging), combined with the use of electron-transfer dissociation (ETD) as fragmentation technique, can be used as a reliable method to identify AMPs in their native cyclic state. Using this approach, we have previously detected and identified human neutrophil peptides (HNPs) as important AMPs in cancer, of which a detailed bacterial, viral and cancer-related overview will be presented.

Research on Technology of Supporting in Super-Large Section Cut in Working Face with Large Mining Height

For the support problem of the super-large section cut in working face with large mining height, the 1105 cut pilot chamber of Zhaogu No. 2 Mine, the roof strata structure detection and the strata movement rule research were conducted. The results prove that concentrate fracture area, gradually sparse fracture area, and rare fracture area regularly distributed from the surface to the deep area of the roof of 1105 cut, and less fracture exists in the rock stratum of roof above 3.5 m, and the stratum of roof within the range of 4–6 m is stable. Authors propose the long bolt and cable combined supporting technology and optimized the design plan applying theoretical calculation and computer numerical simulation. The scheme has been applied in the field of the 1105 super-large section cut in Zhaogu No. 2 Mine. The monitoring results show that the scheme can effectively control surrounding rock of roadway, and the support with long bolt has good effectiveness.