The Impact of CEO Duality and Financial Performance on CSR Disclosure: Empirical Evidence from State-Owned Enterprises in China

: This paper studies the effects of a firm’s financial performance (FP) and chief executive officer’s (CEO) duality on the quality of corporate social responsibility (CSR) disclosure in the context of state-owned enterprises (SOEs) among Chinese A-share-registered companies. The results depict a negative relationship between CEO duality and CSR disclosure. Our results demonstrate that better-performing firms disclose CSR information more frequently and of higher quality compared with firms with poor financial performance. This role of financial performance in the quality of CSR disclosure is generally valuable in public enterprises; however, it is relatively sluggish in state-owned enterprises The outcomes indicate that the dual leadership structure reduces assessments and renders CEOs less liable to their stakeholders. Therefore, this study offers valuable information and details for regulators to improve corporate governance and CSR from the perspective of stakeholder theory.

Integration of Human Values in Stakeholder Engagement for CSR – Illustrations from Indian Public Enterprises

Several public sector undertakings in India and across the world have taken up corporate social responsibility (CSR) initiatives in education to promote social welfare. The effectiveness of these initiatives depends on the level of stakeholder engagement in them. Integration of human values ensures that stakeholder engagement becomes holistic leading to co-created value for the benefit of all involved. This paper discusses a holistic values-based framework of stakeholder engagement inspired by the philosophy of Bhagawan Sri Sathya Sai Baba. Illustrations from the CSR initiatives of public sector undertakings in India have been provided to stress the benefits of integration of human values in stakeholder engagement.

The Relationship between ESG and Financial Performance Indicators in the Public Sector: Empirical Evidence from the Republic of Serbia

Research Question: This paper investigated whether a relationship exists between environmental, social and corporate governance (ESG) performance indicators and financial performance measures in the public sector. Motivation: Performance measurement plays a significant role in public management and public policy and could be considered to be a segment of the whole performance management process. Growing awareness of climate change, human capital and corporate governance issues have imposed the necessity of introducing environmental, social and corporate governance performance indicators (ESG) in public enterprises’ annual reports. ESG performance indicators encourage investors to make socially responsible investment decisions (De Lucia, Pazienza & Bartlett, 2020). Hence, the paper is focused on the specifics of measuring performance in the public sector. Besides, it is very interesting to acquire knowledge about the correlation between ESG indicators and financial performance measures (Kalaitzoglou, Pan & Niklewski, 2020; Landau, Rochell, Klein & Zwergel, 2020). Idea: The purpose of the research is to highlight relevant performance measures in the public enterprises in the energy sector in the Republic of Serbia and to examine whether the application of the ESG indicators implies better financial performance. Data: Four large Serbian companies in the energy sector were analysed. Data were collected on the web site of the Agency for Business Registers of the Republic of Serbia. The observation period is from 2017 to 2019. The financial performance indicators are ROA, ROE and the economy ratio. Tools: Based on annual financial statements, non-financial reporting of public companies is monitored, whether companies invest in environmental and social protection, as well as whether they implement activities directed to more consistent implementation of corporate governance. The dynamics of selected financial indicators is analysed according to base and chain indices. Findings: The results show that the public enterprises in the energy sector of the Republic of Serbia mainly report on traditional financial measures in their annual financial statements. One of them applies all ESG indicators and the others do it partially. However, no direct and positive correlation between ESG indicators and financial performance measures could be found. Conversely, there is the case that ESG indicators have no linkage with the financial performance measures. Contribution: This paper contributes to the existing literature in the field of public enterprises’ sustainability.

Closure of Central Public Sector Enterprises in India: a case study

Changing objective circumstances over time often warrant the closure of public sector enterprises that may have originally been established due to compelling public purposes. Many public enterprises lose their relevance and public purpose, become chronically loss making and are a recurring drain on public resources. Yet it has been found to be extremely difficult to actually close down any such enterprise due to a host of institutional constraints unique to the public sector. Closing down a public enterprise is difficult but not impossible, given the will and sincere execution. It has been done in India. While the practicalities have to be worked out, closure of any entity needs to be implemented sensitively given the human dimensions involved. This paper brings out a case study of the experience in implementing the closure of five public sector enterprises in India during the period 2014-16.

Yogic Science for Human Resource Management in Public Enterprises

Human resources management is the process of managing people in a structured manner to help the organisation to meet its objectives. In public enterprises the objectives are multifarious and sometimes opaque; and hence human resources management is more complex. An increase in occupational stress which has an adverse effect not only on the health and wellbeing of the individual but also on the health of the organisation. In the frenetic world of today where management principles are being turned on their heads there are some principles and precepts which are constant and which can help in the development of human resources in such a way that the health of the organisation and the health of the individual is safeguarded. In this paper we will see how the techniques and practices of Yoga – a time-tested oriental science – may be helpful in the public enterprises by reducing the stress level of the employees and increasing their greedlessness and public spiritedness.

Integration of Human Values in Stakeholder Engagement for CSR – Illustrations from Indian Public Enterprises

Several public sector undertakings in India and across the world have taken up corporate social responsibility (CSR) initiatives in education to promote social welfare. The effectiveness of these initiatives depends on the level of stakeholder engagement in them. Integration of human values ensures that stakeholder engagement becomes holistic leading to co-created value for the benefit of all involved. This paper discusses a holistic values-based framework of stakeholder engagement inspired by the philosophy of Bhagawan Sri Sathya Sai Baba. Illustrations from the CSR initiatives of public sector undertakings in India have been provided to stress the benefits of integration of human values in stakeholder engagement.

Decentralisation of Public Enterprises in federal countries

To bring concepts and knowledge to bear more effectively on policy analysis and programme design, a framework for analysis is needed that focuses on alternatives for organising and financing the State Owned Enterprises (SOEs). Whether the motivating force behind organisation of SOEs is political or economic, a developing country situation demands that the strategy be looked at from the perspective of the provision of the people’s needs. The paper looks at the forms of SOEs and the relevance of fiscal federalism in this context. Past experience has some lessons and a flawed policy can have unwelcome consequences. Keeping in view the different initial conditions, strategies need to be devised for organisation of SOEs.

Rhetoric Analysis on the Relationship between Executive Compensation and Performance of Commercial public enterprises in Namibia.

The purpose of this paper was to investigate the relationship between compensation packages and the performance of executive officers in Commercial Public Enterprises in Namibia. The paper was conducted to achieve the following specific objective: to determine the relationship between compensation packages of executives and the performance of Commercial PEs in Namibia. It was all in the context of mixed research approach for data collection using a questionnaire as a tool. The study found that there is a partial relationship between executive compensation and the performance of some commercial public enterprises, in accordance with their Tier Levels. It is recommended that the Government (shareholder) finds the best fit model of executive compensation packages in order to induce a positive level of performance. It is further recommended that a study be conducted, to investigate the relationship between the role of an independent high-level committee on executive compensation packages, aimed at enhancing performance in Commercial Public Enterprises in Namibia Keywords: Compensation Package; Performance; Commercial Public Enterprises; Executives