Discussion on a big data information processing model: Taking the fiscal quality evaluation of the Pearl River Delta as an example

Under the background of vigorously promoting the high-quality economic development model in China, this paper proposes a Dynamic Double Index model to evaluate the fiscal output quality of cities in the Pearl River Delta. The empirical results show that Shenzhen, Guangzhou are at a high quality level, while Zhuhai, Foshan, Huizhou, Zhongshan and Dongguan are at a low quality level. This empirical result is consistent with the fact that Shenzhen has industrial tax source advantages, Guangzhou has consumption tax source advantages, but Zhuhai, Foshan, Huizhou Zhongshan and Dongguan do not have advantages. At the same time, the consistency also proves that the Dynamic Double Index model has accurate measurement function and can be used as a powerful tool to deal with big data information problems.

Interactive Graph Stream Analytics in Arkouda

Data from emerging applications, such as cybersecurity and social networking, can be abstracted as graphs whose edges are updated sequentially in the form of a stream. The challenging problem of interactive graph stream analytics is the quick response of the queries on terabyte and beyond graph stream data from end users. In this paper, a succinct and efficient double index data structure is designed to build the sketch of a graph stream to meet general queries. A single pass stream model, which includes general sketch building, distributed sketch based analysis algorithms and regression based approximation solution generation, is developed, and a typical graph algorithm—triangle counting—is implemented to evaluate the proposed method. Experimental results on power law and normal distribution graph streams show that our method can generate accurate results (mean relative error less than 4%) with a high performance. All our methods and code have been implemented in an open source framework, Arkouda, and are available from our GitHub repository, Bader-Research. This work provides the large and rapidly growing Python community with a powerful way to handle terabyte and beyond graph stream data using their laptops.

The association between depressive symptoms and self-reported sleep difficulties among college students: Truth or reporting bias?

The strong association between self-reported sleep difficulties and depressive symptoms is well documented. However, individuals who suffer from depressive symptoms could potentially interpret the values attached to a subjective scale differently from others, making comparisons of sleep difficulties across individuals with different depressive symptoms problematic. The objective of this study is to determine the existence and magnitude of reporting heterogeneity in subjective assessment of sleep difficulties by those who have depressive symptoms. We implement an online survey using Visual Analogue Scales and anchoring vignettes to study the comparability of subjective assessments of sleep difficulties among college students in Switzerland (N = 1, 813). Using multivariate linear regressions and double-index models, our analysis shows that reporting heterogeneity plays only a marginal role in moderating the association between sleep difficulties and depression, irrespective of the severity of the depressive symptoms of the individuals. This suggests that unadjusted comparisons of self-reported sleep difficulties between college students are meaningful, even among individuals with depressive symptoms.

Exploring the Neighborhood of q-Exponentials

The q-exponential form eqx≡[1+(1−q)x]1/(1−q)(e1x=ex) is obtained by optimizing the nonadditive entropy Sq≡k1−∑ipiqq−1 (with S1=SBG≡−k∑ipilnpi, where BG stands for Boltzmann–Gibbs) under simple constraints, and emerges in wide classes of natural, artificial and social complex systems. However, in experiments, observations and numerical calculations, it rarely appears in its pure mathematical form. It appears instead exhibiting crossovers to, or mixed with, other similar forms. We first discuss departures from q-exponentials within crossover statistics, or by linearly combining them, or by linearly combining the corresponding q-entropies. Then, we discuss departures originated by double-index nonadditive entropies containing Sq as particular case.

Explicit Evaluation of Some Quadratic Euler-Type Sums Containing Double-Index Harmonic Numbers

In this paper a number of new explicit expressions for quadratic Euler-type sums containing double-index harmonic numbers H2n are given. These are obtained using ordinary generating functions containing the square of the harmonic numbers Hn. As a by-product of the generating function approach used new proofs for the remarkable quadratic series of Au-Yeung \sum\limits_{n = 1}^\infty {{{\left( {{{{H_n}} \over n}} \right)}^2} = {{17{\pi ^4}} \over {360}}} together with its closely related alternating cousin are given. New proofs for other closely related quadratic Euler-type sums that are known in the literature are also obtained.

Coastline Management: Review and Countermeasure Proposal

The scientific coastline management is of great significance to the development of marine economy, coordinated development of land and marine and construction of ecological civilization. The coastline management in China has experienced two main stages: (i) the stage of basic survey and jurisprudential establishment, and (ii) the stage of perfection under new situation. There are challenges in promoting modern marine governance and marine power, which are characterized by the lack of high-quality management involvement throughout the coastline management process. Accordingly, coastline supervision is not comprehensive, the standardized system still needs to be improved, and the research on the main function of coastline has not been conducted yet. On this basis, the corresponding strategies were put forward from the perspectives of top-level design, main function, the “double-index” assessment system, requisition-compensation balance of natural coastline, with a view to provide strategic support for coastline management in China.