RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ANOREXIA NERVOSA (DESIRE FOR THINNESS) AND MENTAL HEALTH AMONG JUNIOR COLLEGE STUDENTS

Anorexia nervosa, a type of eating disorder is commonly seen in teenagers. An intense fear of gaining weight and distorted body image compels the teenagers to go on diet, which is resulting in eating less and skipping the meal and ultimately making the teenagers more prone to stress,anxiety,depression and other mental health issues. The study was taken with an intention to find the association of anorexia and mental health. A sample of 913 adolescents from junior college were selected as sample and a standardized test was administered. The findings showed that there is a positive correlation between eating disorder and mental health among adolescents.

Anorexia nervosa: A literature review

Introduction: Anorexia nervosa is a food intake disorder characterized by acute weight loss that it could cause severe psychosomatic problems. Purpose: To present the data and information as well as the treatment related to Anorexia nervosa. Materials and methods: The study material consisted of reviewed articles on the topic found in Greek and globally accepted electronic databases, Pubmed, Scopus, Medline, Google Scholar, regarding the effects of Anorexia nervosa on health and its treatment. Results: Initial symptoms of Anorexia nervosa and Bulimia Nervosa may be characterised by body-related negative interpretation bias, distorted body image and pronounced body dissatisfaction. Anorexic patients refuse to eat with their family or in public places. They lose weight by drastically reducing their total food intake, with a disproportionate reduction in the amount of meals containing carbohydrates and fats. The term Anorexia is unfortunate, because a decrease in appetite does not occur. Patients are constantly hungry and they are constantly thinking about food, but they refuse it. An indication of their way of thinking is that they often collect recipes or prepare complex meals for others. Conclusions: Anorexia nervosa is a disease that connects the physical with the mental dimension of health. A person's disharmonious relationship with oneself, which may have its roots in a dysfunctional family context or in a demanding and competitive social environment, finds the way to be manifested through the individual's reflection on food.

Is the One Ray Normal or Are the Rest Shorter?: Brachymetapody—A Case Report

In this case report, we present the case of a 20-year-old male patient who suffered from pain in walking clinically, and in whom an extremely rare type of brachymetatarsia was diagnosed. Although distorted body image is the main reason for consulting a specialist, the patient presented because he was unable to find a proper shoe. The patient had no familial history of brachydactyly, trauma, or a genetic disorder. In this extremely rare case, the decision was made to perform shortening of the normal foot ray with a double osteotomy to the metatarsal and proximal phalanx. At the end of the follow-up period, the patient was walking pain-free and had no limitation in shoe choice.

Manipulating the Perceived Shape and Color of a Virtual Limb Can Modulate Pain Responses

Changes in body representation may affect pain perception. The effect of a distorted body image, such as the telescoping effect in amputee patients, on pain perception, is unclear. This study aimed to investigate whether distorting an embodied virtual arm in virtual reality (simulating the telescoping effect in amputees) modulated pain perception and anticipatory responses to pain in healthy participants. Twenty-seven right-handed participants were immersed in virtual reality and the virtual arm was shown with three different levels of distortion with a virtual threatening stimulus either approaching or contacting the virtual hand. We evaluated pain/discomfort ratings, ownership, and skin conductance responses (SCRs) after each condition. Viewing a distorted virtual arm enhances the SCR to a threatening event with respect to viewing a normal control arm, but when viewing a reddened-distorted virtual arm, SCR was comparatively reduced in response to the threat. There was a positive relationship between the level of ownership over the distorted and reddened-distorted virtual arms with the level of pain/discomfort, but not in the normal control arm. Contact with the threatening stimulus significantly enhances SCR and pain/discomfort, while reduced SCR and pain/discomfort were seen in the simulated-contact condition. These results provide further evidence of a bi-directional link between body image and pain perception.

The Relationship Between Body Dysmorphic Disorder and Eating Disorders

This chapter discusses research findings regarding body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) and eating disorders, and it provides guidelines for distinguishing between them. BDD and eating disorders show many similarities, including negative and distorted body image, decreased quality of life, compensatory behaviors such as dieting, and abnormalities in visual processing. Patients with BDD express specific concerns with different parts of their bodies and physical appearance; common examples are complexion, nose, breasts/genitals, and hair. In patients who have prominent concerns about weight and body fat and shape, however, the diagnosis of BDD can be complicated because such concerns can occur as a symptom of BDD but also overlap with those in eating disorders such as anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa. BDD and eating disorders are often comorbid, which is accompanied by notably higher rates of suicidality and psychiatric hospitalization than occur in patients with either disorder alone. BDD and eating disorders represent distinct pathologies, and it is important to distinguish between them, particularly given the increased risk of suicidality when the disorders are comorbid.