ANALYSIS OF THE METHOD OF DETERMINING THE OPTIMAL VOLUME OF THE STORAGE RESERVOIR FOR THE POWER COMPLEX AS PART OF THE WES-PSPP

The article considers the peculiarities of using energy complexes as part of the WPP-PSPP. It is noted that the most relevant and promising will be the use of such energy complexes in environmentally unfavorable regions that are not among the priorities for the development of wind energy. However, the energy complexes as part of the WPP-PSPP are not currently widespread, one of the reasons is the lack of methods for calculating the optimal parameters of the energy complexes, which should include calculations to determine the volume of the storage reservoir of the energy complex. As a result of solving problems using the analysis of methods of economic effi ciency, methods of ecological justifi cation for autonomous power supply systems, a methodology was developed to determine the optimal volume of the storage reservoir for the energy complex as part of the WPP-PSPP, the main provisions of which are described in this article. The presented methodology allows you to choose the most rational location and shape of the accumulating reservoir on the ground, to fi t the outline of the reservoir into natural conditions, as well as to optimize the ratio of its depth of work and cross-sectional area.

Results of theoretical studies of the adaptation of the solar power complex of the south of the Tyumen region

Theoretical provisions of the adaptation of the solar energy complex for effective use in the climate of the south of the Tyumen region. In particular, the climate in the south of the Tyumen region has been studied, its main features are described, and the main difficulties in using this system in the region have been deduced. Methods for calculating the parameters of the power complex are presented, structural changes in the design of the heat exchanger are provided, taking into account the operating conditions, a technical solution has been developed for the design of the structure of the power complex in order to minimize the negative effects of the external environment, a method is given for testing the effectiveness of the proposed solutions, the heat transfer fluids used in system, taking into account the specifics of a particular project. Keywords: ADAPTATION, SOLAR ENERGY COMPLEX, CALCULATION, RESULTS, RESEARCH, ANALYSIS, HEAT EXCHANGE, HEAT, STEAM, TEMPERATURE, POWER, CYCLE, AREA

Efficiency of Off-Peak Electricity Conversion at Nuclear Power Plants Using Reversible Fuel Cells

The article provides a comparative analysis of the efficiency of off-peak electricity conversion at nuclear power plants (NPP) using reversible fuel cells (RFC). The RFC can ensure the NPP the baseline electrical load through hydrogen production by electrolysis of water, as well as an increase in its maneuverability due to generation of peak electricity. The calculations have shown that at the current stage of technological advancements, the use of RFCs in terms of achievable efficiency of off-peak electricity conversion has advantages over the hydrogen power complex which utilizes an additional steam turbine to generate peak electricity. The achievable advantage equals 2.84-4.25% and 7.72-11.58% at the RFC efficiency in the mode of peak power generation of 50% and 60%, respectively, which is 5.1-7.66 MW and 13.9-20.85 MW more than the generated peak electricity. It should be noted that an increase in the electrolysis mode efficiency facilitates the RFC advantages – from 24.44 to 36.65% and from 29.32 to 43.98% respectively. The use of the "cold" combustion technology for hydrogen fuel ensures not only high efficiency, but also reliability and safety of the hydrogen power complex operation

Universal features shaping organelle gene retention

Almost all eukaryotes contain mitochondria, and many contain plastids, playing vital roles in the bioenergetic and metabolic processes that power complex life. Since their endosymbiotic origins, the genomes of both organelles have been reduced, with genes being lost or transferred to the host cell nucleus from organelle DNA (oDNA) to different extents in different species. Why some genes are retained in oDNA and some lost remains a debated question. Long-standing hypotheses include the preferential retention of genes encoding hydrophobic products and those most central to redox regulation , but quantitative testing of these and other ideas remains absent. Here we harness over 15k oDNA sequences and over 300 whole genome sequences with tools from structural biology, bioinformatics, machine learning, and Bayesian model selection to reveal the properties of protein-coding genes that shape oDNA evolution. We find striking symmetry in the features predicting mitochondrial (mtDNA) and plastid (ptDNA) gene retention. Striking symmetry exists between the two organelle types: gene retention patterns in both are predicted by the hydrophobicity of a protein product and its energetic centrality within its protein complex, with additional influences of nucleic acid and amino acid biochemistry. Supporting this generality, models trained with one organelle type successfully predict gene retention in the other, and these features also distinguish gene profiles in independent endosymbiotic relationships. The identification of these features both provide quantitative support for several existing evolutionary hypotheses, and suggest new biochemical and biophysical mechanisms influencing organelle genome evolution.

Cross-subsidization in the Electric Power Industry: Current State and Problem-solving Vectors

As scientific community as businessmen discuss the problem of cross-subsidization in the electric power industry. This problem has long remained relevant. The main topic of economic discussions is fairness and validity of the rules for the tariff formation in the electric power industry. The different tariffs allow reducing the financial burden of some consumers and shifting it to others. The aim of the issue is to develop the main vectors of solving problems and government regulation measures. They are expected to level the negative economic effects of cross-subsidization. The purpose of the study is revealed through solving the following problems: a) to determine the socio-economic nature of cross-subsidization and regulatory problems at the current stage of development; b) to study the experience of foreign countries in cross-subsidization policies; review public policy mechanisms related to cross-subsidization. The subject of the issue is economic relations between different economic participants and their interests arising in the process of cross-subsidization policy. The results of the issue are the development of the main directions of the transformation of the state regulation of the energy complex in terms of reducing the negative effects of cross-subsidies. The scope of application of the obtained results is determined by the possibilities of developing and implementing a balanced state policy that takes into account the interests of all participants in economic processes, eliminating the creation of social tension in society that supports the growth of the well-being of the population. The following general scientific and special methods were chosen as scientific tools for conducting this study: content analysis method, system analysis method, retrospective analysis method, statistical survey methods. The information base of the study was the analytical development of the materials of the Federal Antimonopoly Service, the Federal State Statistics Service, regulatory acts of the Russian Federation governing the development of the electric power complex. The basis of the presented study was the basic definitions of cross-subsidies, methods of reducing the negative consequences of cross-subsidies, principles and approaches of state regulation of the electric power complex.

Assessment of Factors Impeding Technological Development of the Electric Power Complex (The Russian Case Analysis)

The research covers the factors that hinder technological development of the electric power complex. The purpose of it is to assess the significance of these factors further to consider while the industrial policies targeting. The research is realized by means of matrix models and mathematical processing of statistical data methods, the ranking, grouping, and comparative analysis incl. The analysis methodology is based on the analysis of the topical publications considering the classical matrix models and metrics of factors impeding the technological development modeling.