Modeling the Contribution of Milk to Global Nutrition

Nutrient-rich foods play a major role in countering the challenges of nourishing an increasing global population. Milk is a source of high-quality protein and bioavailable amino acids, several vitamins, and minerals such as calcium. We used the DELTA Model, which calculates the delivery of nutrition from global food production scenarios, to examine the role of milk in global nutrition. Of the 29 nutrients considered by the model, milk contributes to the global availability of 28. Milk is the main contributing food item for calcium (49% of global nutrient availability), Vitamin B2 (24%), lysine (18%), and dietary fat (15%), and contributes more than 10% of global nutrient availability for a further five indispensable amino acids, protein, vitamins A, B5, and B12, phosphorous, and potassium. Despite these high contributions to individual nutrients, milk is responsible for only 7% of food energy availability, indicating a valuable contribution to global nutrition without necessitating high concomitant energy intakes. Among the 98 food items considered by the model, milk ranks in the top five contributors to 23 of the 29 nutrients modeled. This quantification of the importance of milk to global nutrition in the current global food system demonstrates the need for the high valuation of this food when considering future changes to the system.

CRISPR/Cas9 knockout of EPFL10 reduces stomatal density while maintaining photosynthesis and enhancing water conservation in rice

Rice production is of paramount importance for global nutrition and potential yields will be detrimentally affected by climate change. Rice stomatal developmental genetics were explored as a mechanism to improve water use efficiency while maintaining yield under climate stress. Gene-editing of STOMAGEN and its paralog, EPFL10, using CRISPR/Cas9 in rice cv. Nipponbare yielded lines with altered stomatal densities that were functionally characterized. CRISPR/Cas9 mediated knockouts of EPFL10 and STOMAGEN yielded lines with c. 80% and 25% of wild-type stomata, respectively. epfl10 lines with small reductions in stomatal densities are able to conserve water to similar extents as stomagen lines with large stomatal density reductions but do not suffer from any concomitant reductions in stomatal conductance, carbon assimilation, or thermoregulation. The duplicate of STOMAGEN, EPFL10, is a weak positive regulator of stomatal development in rice. epfl10 lines maintained wild-type physiological characteristics while conserving more water. Modest reductions in stomatal densities may be a climate-adaptive approach in rice that can safeguard yield.

Hubungan Tekanan Darah Tinggi Dengan Kejadian Stunting Pada Anak

ABSTRACT: THE RELATIONSHIP OF HIGH BLOOD PRESSURE WITH STUNTING IN CHILDREN Introduction: Reducing stunting in children is the most important goal of the six goals of the Global Nutrition Targets 2025 and a key indicator in the second Sustainable Development Goal of No Hunger. The prevalence of child stunting in Indonesia has remained high over the last decade, and at the national level it is around 37%. It is unclear whether the current approach to reducing child stunting is in line with the World Health Organization's conceptual framework on child stunting to review the available literature and identify what has been learned and can be concluded about the determinants of child stunting in Indonesia and where data gaps still exist. Community and community factors—in particular, poor access to health care and living in rural areas—have been repeatedly linked to stunted children. Published studies are lacking on how education is; society and culture; agriculture and food systems; and water, sanitation and the environment contribute to child stunting. Purpose: the purpose of the study is to analyze the relationship of high blood pressure with stunting in children.Method: This study uses an observational research with a case control study design and uses a retrospective approach conducted on children with an age range of 5-14 years. The population of this study was 210 children aged 5-14 years, the number of samples in this study was 192 consisting of 64 case samples and 128 control samples. Result: The results showed 64 respondents who were stunted and 128 who did not experience stunting. And the results showed that most infants and toddlers who were stunted had no hypertension status in their mothers during pregnancy as much as 43,51% and 56,49% in infants and toddlers who were not stunted with their mothers during pregnancy. Conclusion: There is a relationship between high blood pressure and the incidence of stunting in children. Keywords: stunting; hypertension;kid’s healty. ABSTRAK: HUBUNGAN TEKANAN DARAH TINGGI DENGAN KEJADIAN STUNTING PADA ANAK Pendahuluan: Pengurangan stunting pada anak merupakan tujuan terpenting dari enam tujuan Global Nutrition Targets 2025 dan indikator kunci dalam Sustainable Development Goal of No Hunger kedua. Prevalensi stunting anak di Indonesia tetap tinggi selama dekade terakhir, dan di tingkat nasional sekitar 37%. Tidak jelas apakah pendekatan saat ini untuk mengurangi pengerdilan anak sejalan dengan kerangka konseptual Organisasi Kesehatan Dunia tentang pengerdilan anak untuk meninjau literatur yang tersedia dan mengidentifikasi apa yang telah dipelajari dan dapat disimpulkan tentang determinan pengerdilan anak di Indonesia dan di mana kesenjangan data masih ada. Faktor masyarakat dan masyarakat—khususnya, akses yang buruk ke perawatan kesehatan dan tinggal di daerah pedesaan—telah berulang kali dikaitkan dengan anak-anak yang terhambat. Studi yang diterbitkan kurang tentang bagaimana pendidikan itu; masyarakat dan budaya; sistem pertanian dan pangan; dan air, sanitasi, dan lingkungan berkontribusi terhadap pengerdilan anak. Tujuan penelitian: penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisa hubungan antara tekanan darah tinggi dan stunting pada anak. Metode Penelitian: penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian observasional dengan rancangan studi case control dan menggunakan pendekatan retrospektif yang dilakukan pada anak dengan rentang umur 5-14 tahun. Populasi dari penelitian ini adalah 210 anak usia rentang 5-14 tahun jumlah sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah 192 yang terdiri dari jumlah sampel kasus 64 dan jumlah sampel kontrol 128. Hasil: Hasilnya menunjukkan 64 responden yang mengalami stunting dan 128 yang tidak mengalami stunting. Dan didapatkan hasil sebagian besar bayi dan balita yang stunting memiliki status hipertensi pada ibunya saat hamil sebanyak 43,51% dan pada bayi serta balita yang stunting memiliki status tidak hipertensi pada ibunya saat hamil sebanyak 56,49%. Kesimpulan: ada hubungan antara tekanan darah tinggi dengan kejadian stunting anak. Kata kunci: stunting; tekanan darah tinggi; kesehatan anak

INCREASING KNOWLEDGE AND SKILLS OF POSYANDU CADRES AS AN EFFORT TO PREVENT STUNTING IN BREMI VILLAGE, PROBOLINGGO REGENCY

Background: One of the global nutrition problems that are the focus in developing countries is stunting. Probolinggo is one of the regions that accounts for the second highest prevalence of stunting in East Java at 39.9% exceeding the maximum WHO limit of 20%. Bremi Village, Krucil District is a village in the highlands of Probolinggo Regency which has a stunting prevalence of more than 30%. Objective: this activity is scheduled as an effort to prevent stunting in Bremi Village, Krucil Probolinggo District. Method: This activity is carried out in 4 stages starting from planning, implementing, observing and evaluating activities. Results: Community service activities received positive appreciation with the provision of stunting kits, early detection of stunting training, competition for making local Supplementary Food (PMT) and stunting early detection competitions through measuring body weight, height and reading KMS. The results of the survey of respondents' knowledge about stunting after education got an average score of 80.This is reinforced by the average skills of respondents from the competition for making local food PMT and early detection of stunting, which showed satisfactory results with a value range of 70 to 80. Conclusion: The useful aspect of this activity is quite high. Posyandu cadres receive education and skills for early detection of stunting independently, thus supporting stunting prevention in Bremi Village.

Historicising global nutrition: critical reflections on contested pasts and reimagined futures

The COVID-19 pandemic has provoked a range of economic shocks, food systems shocks, public health crises and political upheavals across the globe, prompting a rethink of associated global systems. Prepandemic anticolonial movements that challenged hierarchies of race, space, gender and expert knowledge in global health took on new meaning in the context of the unequal impacts of the SARS-CoV-2 virus as it moved through different kinds of spaces and distinct political contexts. In light of these dynamics, and the desire of many current practitioners in global health to reimagine the future, the need for critical analyses of the recent past have become more urgent. Here we challenge linear understandings of progress in global health—with a focus on the field of nutrition—by returning to consider a previous cycle of dramatic social, political and economic change that prompted serious challenges to the dominance of Western powers and US-based philanthro-capitalists. With a ‘global’ health and nutrition audience in mind, we put forward considerations on why a better understanding of the continuities and divergences between this past and the present moment are necessary to challenge a status quo that was, and is, highly flawed.

Hubungan Pola Makan Terhadap Status Gizi Anak Sekolah Dasar

Global Nutrition Report menunjukkan jumlah anak umur 5-19 tahun dengan prevalensi gizi lebih di Indonesia menunjukkan peningkatan. Analisis data Riskesdas 2018 di Jawa Timur prevalensi kurus dan sangat kurus 6,00% dan prevalensi gizi buruk dan gizi kurang 16,8% dan prevalensi gemuk 10,4%. Pola makan merupakan jumlah pangan yang dikonsumsi seseorang atau kelompok orang yang bertujuan untuk memenuhi kebutuhan fisiologi. Status gizi adalah keadaan yang diakibatkan oleh keseimbangan antara asupan zat gizi dari makanan dengan kebutuhan zat gizi yang diperlukan untuk metabolisme tubuh. Bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan pola makan terhadap status gizi anak sekolah dasar. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan literature review dengan desain narrative review yaitu mencari artikel yang membahas tentang hubunga pola makan terhadap status gizi anak yang telah dipublikasikan pada jurnal dari tahun 2017-2020. Jurnal dipilih berdasarkan kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi yang telah ditetapkan sebelumnya. Hasil penelitian berdasarkan telaah dari beberapa jurnal, didapatkan hasil pola makan baik sebesar 43% dan status gizi anak sekolah dasar termasuk dalam kategori baik sebesar 78,5% dan terdapat hubungan antara pola makan dengan status gizi pada anak usia sekolah dasar. Kesimpulan penelitian ini dari 5 jurnal penelitian dapat disimpulkan terdapat 3 jurnal yang menyatakan bahwa terdapat hubungan pola makan terhadap status gizi anak sekolah dasar.

Nigeria Zero Hunger/IITA Policy Brief No. 1: Nigeria Zero Hunger Strategic Review – Nutritional Status of Children under the Age of 5 in Benue State, Nigeria

In the Global Nutrition Report (GNR) of 2015, Nigeria was grouped along with other countries where only a minority of children are growing healthily [1].

Game for Food Ingredients Grouping Improving Student's Understanding of Sources of Nutrition

According to the 2018 Global Nutrition Report, the habit of school-aged children choosing meals is still bad over the world. Around 30.3 % of school-aged children do not eat fruit daily, whereas 43.7 % consume soda daily. This study aims to increase student's knowledge about the material sources of nutrients in food through a game of grouping foodstuffs using a food model with a constructivist learning approach designed by the author. The participants in this study were 33 SDIT Raudhatul Jannah Lubuklinggau grade 4,5 and 6 students. The method used in this study uses an experimental design with a pre and post-test approach without control. Total sampling was used for sampling, and the Wilcoxon test was used for interpretation. This study was completed in March of 2021. Research results show a p-value of .000 (<.05), indicating that students' awareness of the material sources of nutrients in food increased after they were given a game grouping food ingredients using a food model. It is recommended that educators be able to provide students with learning resources that take a constructivist approach, such as games that actively engage students, so that students' awareness can be developed through direct experiences.