PET PRODUCTS: RANGE AND CLASSIFICATION CRITERIA

Background. The market of goods for pets in Ukraine is promising and is characterized by rapid growth.The pet goods assortment is very wide and includes different subgroups. However, there is no works on the classification of the assortment of pet goods, except for food for them. The aim of the article is developing a classification of pet goods on base of the analysis of assortment. Materials and methods. General scientific methods of cognition: analysis, comparison and generalization were used during the research. Information base of the research: the range of products for animals presented in online stores. Results. According to the results of the analysis of the range of goods for animals in specialized and universal online stores, 9 types of goods for the transportation of pets have been identified.Goods for the transportation of pets can be classified according to the method of transportation and type of transport, type of goods, material from which it is made, size of the product, design features and other characteristics. The main classification features of goods for the arrangement of places of pet residence were determined: the type of goods, the type of animals for which it is intended, the material from which the product is made, the size. Additional classification features include design, equipment, the possibility of transformation, the presence of additional functions. The main classification features of goods for pet food were defined: purpose, type of animals, the material from which the product is made, type of product, size. Toilets fillers for pets can be classified by type of animals, type (material) of filler, functions (principle of action) of filler, size of fractions, the presence of flavor. The assortment of tools for dog and cat grooming includes different devices and acessories, which can be classified according to different characteristics depending on the type of product. The goods related to ammunition for dogs and cats can be classified by type of product, breed and/or size of the animal, the material from which the products are made, size, and other characteristics depending on the features of the type of product. Conclusion. The classification of goods for transportation, arrangement of accommodation and food, ammunition and toys for pets, which were developed in the work, indicates that their assortment is complex and can be classified on at least 5 signs.

Acridine Based Small Molecular Hole Transport Type Materials for Phosphorescent OLED Application

Two small molecular hole-transporting type materials, namely 4-(9,9-dimethylacridin-10(9H)-yl)-N-(4-(9,9-dimethylacridin-10(9H)-yl)phenyl)-N-phenylaniline (TPA-2ACR) and 10,10′-(9-phenyl-9H-carbazole-3,6-diyl)bis(9,9-dimethyl-9,10-dihydroacridine) (PhCAR-2ACR), were designed and synthesized using a single-step Buchwald–Hartwig amination between the dimethyl acridine and triphenylamine or carbazole moieties. Both materials showed high thermal decomposition temperatures of 402 and 422 °C at 5% weight reduction for PhCAR-2ACR and TPA-2ACR, respectively. TPA-2ACR as hole-transporting material exhibited excellent current, power, and external quantum efficiencies of 55.74 cd/A, 29.28 lm/W and 21.59%, respectively. The achieved device efficiencies are much better than that of the referenced similar, 1,1-Bis[(di-4-tolylamino)phenyl]cyclohexane (TAPC)-based device (32.53 cd/A, 18.58 lm/W and 10.6%). Moreover, phenyl carbazole-based PhCAR-2ACR showed good device characteristics when applied for host material in phosphorescent OLEDs.

Trace Oxygen Affects Osmium Redox Polymer Synthesis for Wired Enzymatic Biosensors

Electrochemical sensors that utilize enzymes are a sensitive, inexpensive means of detecting biologically relevant analytes. These sensors are categorized based on their construction and method of signal transport. Type I sensors consist of a crosslinked enzyme on an electrode surface, and are potentially subject to interference from byproducts and other biological analytes. However, type II sensors help alleviate this problem with the addition of a redox polymer layer that assists in signal transduction, thus minimizing interferences. An osmium-loaded poly(vinylimidazole) polymer (Os-PVI) is commonly used with successful results, and when combined with an enzyme yields a type II sensor. Our initial attempts at the synthesis of this polymer resulted in an unexpected osmium precursor, which had fluorescent and redox properties that did not match with the desired Os-PVI polymer. Careful exclusion of oxygen during the Os complex precursor synthesis was necessary to avoid this unexpected oxygen containing Os-precursor, which had been seen previously in mass spectrometry studies. All precursors and osmium polymers were characterized with 1H NMR, fluorescence, mass spectrometry, and cyclic voltammetry in order to provide a better understanding of these compounds and assist in the building of new sensors.

A Type of Transportation Problem to be Solved Following the Time Criterion and Considering Vehicle Features

The formulation of classical minimax transport-type problems involves the search for an optimal transportation plan considering only time of delivery of resources. The inevitable additional costs of processing resources at the origin and destination are usually not considered. This approach is fully justified given incommensurability of delivery times of resources along available routes and times of preliminary/subsequent processing of resources. At the same time, in a number of practical problems, the time spent on loading/unloading (for example, when organizing loading of packaged mineral fertilizers from port warehouses onto ships) can be of significant importance. In such cases, when searching for an optimal transportation plan, it is necessary to take into account not only travel times of vehicles used along the set routes, but also the costs of loading and unloading operations, considering the number of available vehicles and their characteristics, for example, payload.In this regard, the objective of the study is not only to develop a method for calculating the optimal transportation plan, but also a method for distributing vehicles, considering their number and features.At the same time, another no less important objective of the study is to substantiate the application of the method of successive reduction of residuals, considering the form of the objective function, which considers not only the main parameters of classical minimax transport-type problems, but also the quantitative characteristics of vehicles involved in the transport operation. It is fundamentally important that the use of the method of successive reduction of residuals determines the polynomial computational complexity of the algorithm, which makes it possible to use it in the operational solution of problems of practical dimension.To solve the problem of distributing available vehicles according to the origin points, considering payload of vehicles, it is proposed to use the method of dynamic programming. An illustrative example of distribution of delivery vehicles, adapted for the use in MS Excel, is considered.

Choosing a logistics scheme for cargo delivery

Objective: To choose a logistics scheme for cargo delivery considering the vehicle selection factors, to calculate the location of a transport and logistics center. Methods: The analysis of the logistics scheme of cargo delivery, the ranking of the parameters of the transport types, and the method of determining the gravity center of the places of origin/extinguishment of the cargo traffic have been used to determine the transport and logistics center. Results: Typical logistics schemes for cargo delivery are presented, the parameters of the transport types are ranked for selecting a vehicle, the coordinates of the transport and logistics center are calculated depending on the places of origin/extinguishment and the capacity of cargo traffic, and a diagram of the next stage of designing the logistics chain is developed. Practical importance: The article presents an opportunity for a cargo owner and a freight forwarder to choose a logistics scheme for delivering cargo based on standard options and transport type ranking by a number of parameters. The sequence of determining the location of the transport and logistics center is shown

Research of Methods of Optimal Design of Special Electric Drives

Problems of optimization of special electrical and electromechanical systems in modeling, creation and design are solved mainly by methods of mathematical programming. The task of mathematical programming is to find extremes of the function of many variables in the presence of restrictions on variables, which creates fundamental difficulties. To solve such problems, the number of methods for solving the general problem of mathematical programming is currently expanding significantly. In this regard, the trend in the development of mathematical programming is following the path of highlighting and studying various subclasses of problems. The use of certain specific features of the tasks of the selected subclass creates opportunities for their more effective investigation and solution. Examples of such subclasses give convex, quadratic, linear programming problems, transport-type problems, and others. Geometric programming is also a section of mathematical programming that research a certain class of optimization problems. However, when using geometric programming, you have to apply linear, nonlinear programming, the concept of convex programming. Using optimization methods will allow you to correctly investigate, design and create special electric drives.

Analysis on Transporting Methods of Cultivation Unit for Vertical Cultivation in Plant Factory

Automatic transport can improve the operational efficiency in plant factory production and reduce the use of labor. However, a determination of a plant factory automation operation mode should comprehensively consider the economic strength of the enterprise, operation objects and operation mode, production scale, technical strength, labor costs, and other factors. In this study, a logistics transport system comprising a set of cultivation units was developed for plant factories, using a mode based on shelf-end delivery without power inside the shelf. Moreover, an analysis was conducted on four modes of common transportation methods for the cultivation units for vertical cultivation in plant factories. The results showed that, when comparing the progressive transport type and warehousing/reciprocating transport type for cultivation units, the transport productivity of the former is higher than that of the latter, and the difference in the two transport productivities is proportional to the capacity for cultivation units in each layer. When the capacities for cultivation units in each layer are 20 and 40, the transport productivity of the former is 115–200% and 130–250% higher than that of the latter, respectively. Moreover, the logistics transport system developed herein reaches an input (output) transport productivity of 330 (270) cultivation units h−1.

Spaces of Measures and their Applications to Structured Population Models

Structured population models are transport-type equations often applied to describe evolution of heterogeneous populations of biological cells, animals or humans, including phenomena such as crowd dynamics or pedestrian flows. This book introduces the mathematical underpinnings of these applications, providing a comprehensive analytical framework for structured population models in spaces of Radon measures. The unified approach allows for the study of transport processes on structures that are not vector spaces (such as traffic flow on graphs) and enables the analysis of the numerical algorithms used in applications. Presenting a coherent account of over a decade of research in the area, the text includes appendices outlining the necessary background material and discusses current trends in the theory, enabling graduate students to jump quickly into research.

The stochastic tamed MHD equations: existence, uniqueness and invariant measures

We study the tamed magnetohydrodynamics equations, introduced recently in a paper by the author, perturbed by multiplicative Wiener noise of transport type on the whole space $${\mathbb {R}}^{3}$$ R 3 and on the torus $${\mathbb {T}}^{3}$$ T 3 . In a first step, existence of a unique strong solution are established by constructing a weak solution, proving that pathwise uniqueness holds and using the Yamada–Watanabe theorem. We then study the associated Markov semigroup and prove that it has the Feller property. Finally, existence of an invariant measure of the equation is shown for the case of the torus.