Novel sweeps technology in endodontics — A review

A novel SWEEPS® Er:YAG laser modality was recently introduced with the purpose of improving the disinfecting and activating efficacy of SSP laser assisted endodontic procedures by permitting the generation of primary and secondary shock waves throughout the complicated root canal system. The SWEEPS method greatly improves the efficacy of removing debris and medications from the root canal system. In the most current Er:YAG dental laser devices, the complimentary combination of SSP and SWEEPS® technology constitutes a distinct solution for modern endodontics. The aim of this review is to: (i) Offer the most relevant data on a novel SWEEPS (shock wave enhanced emission photoacoustic streaming) technology, its relative advantages, with an emphasis on single-pulse SSP laser-assisted irrigation and dual pulse SWEEPS technology; (ii) Provide recommendations for the use of SWEEPS technology in Endodontics based on current evidence; (iii) Highlight the areas in which more research is required.

Dental Laser in The Covid-19 Era

Despite the many historical events during the year 2020, this period of time will forever be remembered as the year of COVID-19. Since its onset in November 2019, The Sars-CoV-2 has made an enormous impact across all aspects of society across the entire world. Globally as of July 5th, 2021, there have been 184000000 confirmed cases of COVID-19, which tragically include 3980000 deaths. Sars-CoV-2 is spread through the respiratory system with the primary modes of transmission being aerosol, respiratory droplets, and direct contact. It is of great importance to understand that one of the primary modes of transmission, the aerosol (bioaerosol) mode is a mode that is omnipresent in most dental settings. To prevent dissemination of disease in American dental offices, the CDC and the ADA have developed strict protocols for dental care providers to follow. Protocols include case selection, protective equipment (PPE), Covid testing, procedure risk stratification, and reduction of aerosols. Laser-assisted dentistry has been identified as a potential key modality in the reduction of bio aerosols.

Optimization of Dental Devices and Tools Used on Teeth

Taking decisions is important in every aspect of life. Decision-making has become a difficult problem in any situation where there are multiple criteria. The application of multicriteria decision-making methods that can bring mathematical and logical solutions to the problem from an analytical perspective has experienced considerable growth recently. It provides great benefits in solution and subsequent stages. Medical equipment selection is also a challenging, complex, and difficult problem for the decision-maker, due to the requirements of conflicting criteria, which must be taken into account simultaneously. In this context, the aim of this study implicates the principle of multicriteria decision-making theories on various types of instruments used in dentistry. Since the data used in this study are not numeric but linguistic, the Fuzzy PROMETHEE decision-making method is used. In this research, six dental tools most commonly used by professionals to perform operations on patients are compared and evaluated. Fuzzy PROMETHEE decision-making method investigations show that the dental mirror is the most effective tool among all compared tools, followed by dental suction, dental air abrasion, dental handpiece, dental laser, and dental X-ray, consequently, basing on the selected criteria and the importance weight given to each criterion. Using this technique, one can obtain more specific ranking results based on a specific preference level.

Laser Therapy in the Treatment of Peri-Implantitis: State-of-the-Art, Literature Review and Meta-Analysis

(1) Background: The treatment of the peri-implantitis is still challenging, and no consensus was found in the literature on which is the best treatment protocol. In recent years, numerous authors have proposed the use of the dental laser as an alternative and effective method for decontaminating the surface of infected implants. Therefore, the aim of this work was to examine the state-of-the-art on the use of lasers in the treatment of peri-implantitis through the literature. (2) Methods: An electronic search was conducted through the PubMed database; we selected and reviewed articles that evaluated the effects of laser irradiation in the treatment of peri-implantitis. (3) Results: The use of lasers seems to provide similar results if compared with conventional mechanical therapy. The included studies were divided into three groups based on the active medium of the laser used for the treatments being tested (Erbium: Yttrium Aluminum Garnet, CO2 and diode laser). (4) Conclusions: The lasers showed positive results, on average, after 6 months of follow-up. Comparative clinical trials conducted with the aim to test the efficiency of laser irradiation, in addition to conventional therapy, indicate that this technique can induce similar results if compared to conventional therapy alone.

EXPERIENCE OF USING A DIODE LASER IN THE COMBINATION THERAPY OF INFLAMMATORY DIESISES

The growth of periodontal diseases leads to the need of searching of the effective treatment methods and improvement of existing ones. The article presents the experience of using a diode dental laser in the combination therapy of periodontal diseases. The advantages of laser technologies and the tendency of the periodontal disease’s progression make it possible to use dental lasers in a set of measures for the treatment of gum inflammation. The features of the surgical effect of the laser radiation on the area of the inflammation in the acute stage of gingivitis and periodontitis were considered. In the article the results of our own observations at the clinic and the data of the available literary sources are presented. The diode laser with a certain wavelength, power and exposure on the target tissue used as a cutting instrument and for the photobiomodulation. Gingivotomy, gingivectomy and laser treatment of the periodontal pocket allow to work in an open field, reduce postoperative edema and patient discomfort. The main effect of the dental laser used in the study group of patients is vascular coagulation. The presented clinical results show the effectiveness of laser radiation in combination with other methods of treatment. Presented clinical outcomes show the effectiveness of laser exposure in combination with other methods of treatment. Authors point at the features of the postoperative period of laser wounds. Particular attention is turned to the antibacterial treatment of the surgical wound after laser exposure. Morphological studies confirm the clinical effects of laser radiation. The experience of the diode laser using in periodontal surgery expands the range of therapeutic effect on the area of the inflammation of the oral cavity and improves the quality of treatment.

Debonding of Leucite-reinforced Glass-ceramic Veneers Using Er, Cr:YSGG Laser Device: Optimizing Speed with Thermal Safety

Clinical Relevance Removing laminate veneers on anterior teeth by using an Er,Cr:YSGG dental laser can be completed faster than previously reported while maintaining thermal safety. SUMMARY Objective: When laminate veneer restorations require removal, the process is tedious, time-consuming, and potentially damaging to the underlying tooth structure. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the removal of Empress CAD milled laminate veneers on extracted human central incisors by using an Er,Cr:YSGG dental laser while optimizing speed and maintaining thermal safety. Methods and Materials: A total of 22 extracted human incisors were mounted in acrylic blocks. Conservative veneer preparations were made on all samples with a high-speed dental handpiece with a diamond bur and air/water spray. The 22 blocks of IPS Empress CAD were designed and milled into laminate veneers with a CAD/CAM System and luted to the prepared teeth. An Er,Cr:YSGG dental laser was fitted with a handpiece and laser fiber (600-μm diameter cylindrical fiber, 6 mm in length). Laser parameters were 333 mJ/pulse, 30 Hz, 80% air, 50% water, 600-μm diameter fiber tip, at a fluence of 885.96 J/cm2. The laser fiber tip was held directly on the surface of each veneer in contact, perpendicular to the surface, and moved slowly, covering the labial surface while firing. Results: At the laser parameters tested (333 mJ/pulse, 30 Hz, 80% air, 50% water, 600-μm diameter fiber tip), the average duration of exposure to completely remove each laminate veneer was 14.16 ± 0.60 seconds, with a range of 10.75 to 21.25 seconds. The average thickness of each veneer measured at the midfacial was 0.75 +/− 0.03 mm. The mean intrapulpal temperature increase for this period was 0.71°C ± 0.15°C. Conclusions: A regression model between time and thickness (p<0.0001) proved to be significant. However, the same cannot be said when the same modeling was tested between temperature and thickness. It can therefore be concluded that as the thickness of a veneer increases, more time is necessary to remove a veneer using Er,Cr:YSGG laser energy; however, increasing thickness does not necessarily result in an increase in pulpal temperature. Within the limitations of this study (single restorative material and single luting agent), it can be concluded that removing CAD Empress laminate veneer restorations using an Er,Cr:YSGG laser is reliable and thermally safe, even at an average of 10 W of power at 30 Hz. Additionally, thermal safety is maximized with adequate aerosolized water spray.

ESTIMATION OF THE CLINICAL EFFICIENCY OF THE APPLICATION OF LASER TECHNOLOGIES FOR SANITATION OF THE ORAL CAVITY IN INFLAMMATORY - DESTRUCTIVE DISEASES OF THE PERIODONT IN PATIENTS WITH TYPE I AND II DIABETES MELLITU

The study is devoted to the study of inflammatory and destructive periodontal diseases against the background of type 1 and 2 diabetes mellitus. The search and development of new approaches to the rehabilitation of periodontal tissues in patients with diabetes mellitus are aimed at stabilizing the pathological process in the oral cavity. The use of high-energy lasers in practice leads to a persistent bactericidal effect in target tissues and a reduction in the regeneration time in the postoperative period. Erbium laser with a wavelength of 2940 nm was used as a cutting tool according to the manufacturer's instructions in the recommended mode. The clinical efficacy of the dental laser in comparison with the conventional surgical method is shown on the basis of the quantitative results of the evaluation of the effect generally accepted in evidence-based medicine. The expediency of combining patients with different types of diabetes mellitus into a general group has been determined. A number of indices in the groups with gingivitis and periodontitis were analyzed. A randomized, open, comparative in parallel groups clinical study of the effectiveness of debridement of foci of periodontal infection in patients with type I and II diabetes mellitus using an erbium laser in comparison with the surgical method was carried out. The paper presents conclusions on the reduction of the unfavorable outcome of inflammatory-destructive periodontal diseases when using laser technologies. The results of evaluating the effectiveness of the use of a dental laser open the prospect for including this method of sanitation of gum tissue in the scheme of complex treatment of inflammatory and destructive periodontal disease.

Dental LASER : A Boon in Dentistry & its significance in Covid-19

LASER stands for light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation. Einstein was the ist to give the foundation for laser , however the first to give laser term was Gordon Gould. Invention of LASER has brought about a major revolution in the ways of life of people. The increasing use of laser in medicine has only been possible due to a better understanding of the interaction between laser light and living tissue. Reliably laser removes the needle, drill, and pain from the dental procedures & also reduces risk of contamination with respect to drills. Laser significantly reduces aerosols and Does not produce scratch material , thus causing less spread of debris outside the oral cavity. Blood free procedures for better recovery . Laser dentistry can be a precise and effective way to perform many dental procedures. Dental laser can be used to generate both hard and soft tissue laser energy, depending upon the patient’s needs.