FORC-Diagram Analysis for a Step-like Magnetization Reversal in Nanopatterned Stripe Array

The fabrication approach of a magnonic crystal with a step-like hysteresis behavior based on a uniform non-monotonous iron layer made by shadow deposition on a preconfigured substrate is reported. The origin of the step-like hysteresis loop behavior is studied with local and integral magnetometry methods, including First-Order Reversal Curves (FORC) diagram analysis, accompanied with magnetic microstructure dynamics measurements. The results are validated with macroscopic magnetic properties and micromagnetic simulations using the intrinsic switching field distribution model. The proposed fabrication method can be used to produce magnonic structures with the controllable hysteresis plateau region’s field position and width that can be used to control the magnonic crystal’s band structure by changing of an external magnetic field.

Quantitative assessment of the central versus peripheral effect of intravenous clonidine using baroreflex equilibrium diagrams

Clonidine is a first-generation central antihypertensive that reduces sympathetic nerve activity (SNA). Although clonidine also exerts peripheral vasoconstriction, the extent to which this vasoconstriction offsets the centrally mediated arterial pressure (AP)-lowering effect remains unknown. In anesthetized rats (n = 8), we examined SNA and AP responses to stepwise changes in carotid sinus pressure under control conditions and after intravenous low-dose (2 μg/kg) and high-dose clonidine (5 μg/kg). In the baroreflex equilibrium diagram analysis, the operating-point AP under the control condition was 115.2 (108.5–127.7) mmHg [median (25th–75th percentile range)]. While the operating-point AP after low-dose clonidine was not significantly different with or without the peripheral effect, the operating-point AP after high-dose clonidine was higher with the peripheral effect than without [81.3 (76.2–98.2) mmHg vs. 70.7 (57.7–96.9), P < 0.05]. The vasoconstrictive effect of clonidine partly offset the centrally mediated AP-lowering effect after high-dose administration.

Hot Corino Chemistry in the Class I Binary Source Ser-emb 11

We report the detection of more than 120 emission lines corresponding to eight complex organic molecules (COMs; CH3OH, CH3CH2OH, CH3OCH3, CH3OCHO, CH3COCH3, NH2CHO, CH2DCN, and CH3CH2CN) and three isotopologues (CH2DOH, 13CH3CN, and CH3C15N) toward the western component of the Ser-emb 11 binary young stellar object using observations with the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array at ∼1 mm. The complex organic emission was unresolved with a ∼0.″5 beam (∼220 au) in a compact region around the central protostar, and a population diagram analysis revealed excitation temperatures above 100 K for all COMs, indicating the presence of a hot corino. The estimated column densities were in the range of 1017−1018 cm−2 for the O-bearing COMs, and three orders of magnitude lower for the N-bearing species. We also report the detection of H2CO and CH3OH emission in a nearby millimeter source that had not been previously cataloged. Ser-emb 11 is classified in the literature as a Class I source near the Class 0/I cutoff. The estimated COM relative abundances in Ser-emb 11 W and the other three Class I hot corino sources reported in the literature are consistent with those of Class 0 hot corinos, suggesting a continuity in the chemical composition of hot corinos during protostellar evolution.

Two Contact Binaries with Mass Ratios Close to the Minimum Mass Ratio

The cutoff mass ratio is under debate for contact binaries. In this paper, we present the investigation of two contact binaries with mass ratios close to the low mass ratio limit. It is found that the mass ratios of VSX J082700.8+462850 (hereafter J082700) and 1SWASP J132829.37+555246.1 (hereafter J132829) are both less than 0.1 (q ∼ 0.055 for J082700 and q ∼ 0.089 for J132829). J082700 is a shallow contact binary with a contact degree of ∼19%, and J132829 is a deep contact system with a fill-out factor of ∼70%. The O − C diagram analysis indicated that the two systems manifested long-term period decreases. In addition, J082700 exhibits a cyclic modulation which is more likely resulting from the Applegate mechanism. In order to explore the properties of extremely low mass ratio contact binaries (ELMRCBs), we carried out a statistical analysis on contact binaries with mass ratios of q ≲ 0.1 and discovered that the values of J spin/J orb of three systems are greater than 1/3. Two possible explanations can interpret this phenomenon. One explanation is that some physical processes, unknown to date, are not considered when Hut presented the dynamic stability criterion. The other explanation is that the dimensionless gyration radius (k) should be smaller than the value we used (k 2 = 0.06). We also found that the formation of ELMRCBs possibly has two channels. The study of evolutionary states of ELMRCBs reveals that their evolutionary states are similar with those of normal W UMa contact binaries.

Coupled Thermodynamics and Phase Diagram Analysis of Gas-Duct Concretion Formation in Pyro-Processing Ironmaking and Steelmaking Dust

In recent years, the steel industry has accumulated approximately 100 million tons of dust annually, severely threatening the environment. Rotary kiln technology is one of the main industrial methods used to process this dust. However, some substances in flue gas congeal on the cooling wall of the gas duct and seriously affect production. In this study, the properties and formation mechanisms of the coagulum were investigated on the basis of experimental and thermodynamic analyses. The experimental results showed that the coagulum is mainly composed of chlorides (KCl, NaCl, and ZnCl2), oxides (ZnO, FeO), and carbon, with three structures: lumps, fibers, and particles. Based on a thermodynamic analysis, a reasonable explanation was proposed to clarify the formation mechanism. The liquid phase (a eutectic system of KCl–NaCl–ZnCl2), dendrites (KCl, NaCl), and particles (ZnO, FeO, C) were found to act as binders, stiffeners, and aggregates in the coagulum, respectively, constituting a composite structure. Liquids acting as binders are essential for coagulum formation, and dendrites and particles strengthen this effect. Furthermore, the eutectic system of chlorides plays a crucial role in coagulum formation. The results of the present study offer a theoretical understanding of gas-duct coagulation and will provide guidance for adopting alleviation measures.

Maluku Sea Plate Faulting Regime Analysis: A Preliminary Study

Present day Molucca or Maluku sea plate in the eastern of Indonesia possesses a complex tectonic setting. This complex tectonic setting has been formed due to the collision of an actively moving Eurasian plate and Philippine sea plate toward the Maluku sea plate. At the west, Maluku sea plate is subducting beneath Sangihe arc, which began in the early Miocene. While at the east, Maluku sea plate is subducting under Halmahera arc, since in the middle Miocene. These subduction processes take place up to the present. Therefore, it has formed Maluku sea plate into an inverted U-shape slab under a thickening accretionary complex. Seismicity distribution has clearly shown the U-shape slab. Earthquake events take place on the subducting slab, and interestingly on the above accretionary complex as well. Maluku sea plate might pose hazards to surrounding islands: northern Sulawesi, Halmahera island, Sangihe island and Talaud island. The possible hazard, for instance, a thrusting earthquake which may generate tsunami to the nearby islands. Hence, understanding its tectonic and seismicity signature, especially at the shallow part, are indeed important in the Maluku sea region. Faulting regime could be analyzed using focal mechanism ternary diagram analysis, by categorizing the focal mechanisms’ strike, dip and rake values. Thus, in this study we aim to analyze faulting regime and hazard potential in the complex. Maluku setting using ternary diagram analysis.