Does the age difference between the doctor and the patient matter - communication between the doctor and the young patient

Introduction and purpose of work: The contact between doctor and patient is an element that builds mutual trust, which translates into the quality and effectiveness of treatment. This is especially important for adolescent patients, who expect attention and understanding of their problems. In addition, they start visiting the doctor themselves, so it is very important that they do not become discouraged by the lack of understanding of the doctors and that they do not avoid visits in the future. Currently, the average age of a doctor in Poland is over 50 years. The aim of the study is to investigate the influence of a doctor's age on his contact with a teenage patient.Material and method: The results of the study were obtained on the basis of the questionnaire survey.Results: 54 respondents aged 16-19 participated in the study. The vast majority (64.8%) consider a person under 30 years of age to be a young doctor, 29.6% under 40 years of age. Almost 67% declare that it is more likely to visit a young doctor. 87% of respondents find it easier to establish contact with a younger medic. For 68.5% of respondents, a visit to a senior doctor is more embarrassing. 88.9% of teenagers find it easier to admit embarrassing matters to younger medics. 66.7% declare that for them being more practiced is more important than easier contact with doctor. Two out of three teenagers are more stressed about visiting older doctor.Conclusions: Teen patients definitely prefer visits to younger doctors. Despite the greater stress and resistance to visiting older, more experienced doctors, young patients choose them. Training for senior physicians on contact with young people should be considered to reduce the proportion of people avoiding medical appointments due to difficulties in making contact in the future.

British Parliamentary Debate System: Students’ Perspective on Their Learning Outcome

This study was conducted to investigate the students’ perceptions on the classroom debate’s learning outcome using British Parliamentary debate system. Fifteen students were randomly selected and assigned to a group and actively involved in the debate in ten sessions during a whole semester. The obtained data of this study were collected through a survey questionnaire using 5-point Likert scale and interviews five random five participants to validate the data of the questionnaire and further analyze using mix method that combines between qualitative and quantitative approaches. The result of the data showed that the students indicated a positive perspective on its learning outcomes through the implementation of British Parliamentary Debate System in term of students’ interest, subject matter, communication skill, critical and creative thinking, intrapersonal and interpersonal development skill.

Source codes in human communication

Although information theoretic characterizations of human communication have become increasingly popular in linguistics, to date they have largely involved grafting probabilistic constructs onto older ideas about grammar. Similarities between human and digital communication have been strongly emphasized, and differences largely ignored. However, some of these differences matter: communication systems are based on predefined codes shared by every sender/receiver, whereas the distributions of words in natural languages guarantee that no speaker/hearer ever has access to an entire linguistic code, which seemingly undermines the idea that natural languages are probabilistic systems in any meaningful sense. This paper describes how the distributional properties of languages meet the various challenges arising from the differences between information systems and natural languages, along with the very different perspective on human communication these properties suggest. To illustrate this view, an account of the semantic function of personal names (a traditional linguistic stumbling block) is presented, describing the non-compositional, discriminative communicative process supported by the statistical and syntactic properties of names in the world’s languages. A broad description of how this account extends to the rest of human communication is also presented, along with examples of how its predictions are supported by analyses of English nouns and verbs.