ZAKAT AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT: STUDY IN THREE MUSLIM COUNTRIES IN SOUTHEAST ASIA

The objective of this study is to analyze the effect of zakat on per capita income as one indicator of economic development. The data is analyzed by Cobb-Douglas production function and panel data analysis model. Study findings show that zakat significantly and positively affect on per capita income. This study also found that compared to Foreign Direct Investment (FDI), most popular instrument of government to increase economic development, zakat has a greater coefficient. In addition, Muslims as a majority population on average unable to contribute significantly to economic development. However, they could contribute to zakat as seen from increase in amount of zakat collection.

THE ANALYSIS OF INFLUENCING FACTORS OF OFFERING RICE PRICE IN SERDANG BEDAGAI REGENCY

The world's back is concerned with food security issues for the community, pecially from the dimensions of availability, access to food and food price stability. Countries should be able to increase production in order to provide food rice sufficiency and sustainable, but on the other hand there are many factors that affect the level of availability of rice in the community. This study aimed to analyze the influence of the harvested area, the price of rice, the price of bread, and rainfall to supply rice in Serdang Bedagai. In measuring and analyzing regression analysis model was used Ordinary Least Square (OLS) with a data processor Eviews 6.0. By using secunder data from BPS Serdang Bedagai during the period 2011 - 2015. The results showed that the independent variables used to explain the variables rice deals (PB) indicate the direction of influence in accordance with the hypothesis. Area harvested and the price of rice positive and significant impact on rice deals (PB) while the price of bread and rainfall positive effect but not significant to supply rice (PB) in Serdang Bedagai Regency, North Sumatra Province.

THE FACTORS AFFECTING LABOR DEMAND IN THE FOOD AND TOBACCO INDUSTRY IN NORTH SUMATERA PROVINCE

Labor demand in North Sumatra during the period 1991 to 2012 showed a fluctuating condition, where in 2001 is decline. This research aims to analyze the influence of the investment sector, the number of industries, the regional minimum wage and inflation on labor demand sectors of the food industry, beverages and tobacco in North Sumatra Province simultaneously and partially. The data used are secondary data source from Statistics Indonesia of North Sumatra Province namely variable investment industry, the number of industries, the minimum wage, inflation and labor amount of food beverages and tobacco industry in North Sumatra province in the time series from 1991 till 2012 Data analysis wasper formed using OLS (Ordinary Least Square) with multiple linear regression models estimated with the help of the program E-views 7. The results of this study simultaneously changes in industry investment variables, the number of industries, RMW, and inflation significantly influence demand labor sector food industry, beverages and tobacco in North Sumatra Province. While partially concluded that the investment variable number of industry sectors and industries and a significant positive effect, negative effect variables and minimum significant wage, while the inflation variable and no significant negative effect on the demand for labor in the industrial sector of food, beverages and tobacco in North Sumatra Province. The results of this study also showed that the most dominant variable effect on labor demand sectors of the food industry, beverages and tobacco in North Sumatra Province is the minimum wage.

THE EFFECT OF ROA, FDR, AND NPF ON THE PROFIT-SHARING RATE FOR MUDHARABAH DEPOSIT IN BPRS, INDONESIA

Until now, Islamic banking has grown very rapidly. This can be seen from the number of Islamic products that continue to grow and develop. One of them is mudharabah deposit. The profit-sharing rate that is characteristic of mudharabah deposits is the public's appeal to deposit their funds in banks, especially mudharabah deposit products. This study aims to determine the effect of financial ratios on the profit sharing rate of BPRS mudharabah deposits in Indonesia. The population used is the monthly financial reports of all BPRS in Indonesia from January 2012 to April 2018 in the form of time series data. The variables used in this study are Return on Assets (ROA), Financing to Deposit Ratio (FDR), and Non Performing Financing (NPF) as independent variables, and the profit sharing rate of mudharabah deposits from Bank Pembiayaan Rakyat Syariah (BPRS) as the dependent variable. Simultaneously, the variables ROA, FDR, and NPF together have a significant effect on the profit sharing of BPRS mudharabah deposits in Indonesia. Meanwhile, partially ROA has no significant effect on the profit sharing of BPRS mudharabah deposit in Indonesia. The FDR has a positive and significant effect on the profit sharing of the mudharabah deposits of Islamic rural banks in Indonesia. As well as NPF has a negative and significant effect on the profit sharing of mudharabah deposits in BPRS in Indonesia.

THE ANALYSIS OF THE TRANSMISSION MECHANISM OF MONETARY POLICY IN CONVENTIONAL AND SHARIA AGAINST INFLATION IN INDONESIA

This study aims to analyze the transmission mechanism of monetary policy in Indonesia in controlling inflation, both in terms of sharia and conventional terms. The data used in this empirical study is time series data during 2011:1-2017:4 originating from (Bank Indonesia), Financial Services Authority (FSA) and Ministry of Finance (Kemenkue). The analysis tool used is the Error Correction Model (ECM). This study analyzes the relationship between independent and dependent variables both in the short and long term. The results of this study throuht the asset prices indicate that from conventional monetary variable SBI (certifikat of bank indonesia) variables that have a positive and significant effect on inflation in the short-term. Where as in the long term the variable money supply has a positive effect and variable interest rates on Bank Indonesia, bonds have a positive and significant effect on inflation. In Islamic monetary variables, SBIS have a positive and significant effect on inflation in the short-term. Islamic bond variables (Sukuk) have a negative and significant effect on inflation in the short-term. While in the long-term the variable money supply, Islamic interest rates, and Islamic bonds have a positive and significant effect on inflation.

THE FACTORS AFFECTING LABOR DEMAND IN THE FOOD AND TOBACCO INDUSTRY IN NORTH SUMATERA PROVINCE

Labor demand in North Sumatra during the period 1991 to 2012 showed a fluctuating condition, where in 2001 is decline. This research aims to analyze the influence of the investment sector, the number of industries, the regional minimum wage and inflation on labor demand sectors of the food industry, beverages and tobacco in North Sumatra Province simultaneously and partially. The data used are secondary data source from Statistics Indonesia of North Sumatra Province namely variable investment industry, the number of industries, the minimum wage, inflation and labor amount of food beverages and tobacco industry in North Sumatra province in the time series from 1991 till 2012 Data analysis wasper formed using OLS (Ordinary Least Square) with multiple linear regression models estimated with the help of the program E-views 7. The results of this study simultaneously changes in industry investment variables, the number of industries, RMW, and inflation significantly influence demand labor sector food industry, beverages and tobacco in North Sumatra Province. While partially concluded that the investment variable number of industry sectors and industries and a significant positive effect, negative effect variables and minimum significant wage, while the inflation variable and no significant negative effect on the demand for labor in the industrial sector of food, beverages and tobacco in North Sumatra Province. The results of this study also showed that the most dominant variable effect on labor demand sectors of the food industry, beverages and tobacco in North Sumatra Province is the minimum wage.

ZAKAT AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT: STUDY IN THREE MUSLIM COUNTRIES IN SOUTHEAST ASIA

The objective of this study is to analyze the effect of zakat on per capita income as one indicator of economic development. The data is analyzed by Cobb-Douglas production function and panel data analysis model. Study findings show that zakat significantly and positively affect on per capita income. This study also found that compared to Foreign Direct Investment (FDI), most popular instrument of government to increase economic development, zakat has a greater coefficient. In addition, Muslims as a majority population on average unable to contribute significantly to economic development. However, they could contribute to zakat as seen from increase in amount of zakat collection.

THE IMPACT OF MANPOWER EDUCATION AND GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURE ON EDUCATION SECTOR ON ECONOMIC GROWTH OF LABUHANBATU REGENCY

This study is based on the fact that education contributes greatly to economic growth through the improvement of knowledge, skills, attitudes and productivity, so that education is expected to produce quality workforce. This study aims to determine how the impact of education level achieved by the workforce. The level of education achieved by the workforce is distinguished between primary, secondary, and tertiary education. It also aims to find out how the impact of government spending on government education sector on economic growth in Labuhanbatu District during the period of 2002-2015. Data analysis method used in this research is descriptive method, completed by analysis with econometric data analysis with multiple regression model based on production function Y = f (K, L). Regression analysis was performed using Ordinary Least Square (OLS) method. The model used is the model of endogenous economic growth (new growth model). This study uses secondary data obtained from the publication of survey results related to the Statistic Indonesia with time series 2002-2015. Data analysis using multiple linear regression with the help of statistical test of E-view 6.0 application program. The results of this study indicate that all the independent variables have a positive and significant impact on economic growth in Labuhanbatu regency. Estimation results for economic growth obtained R2 of 0.994414. This means that as much as 99.4414 percent of economic growth variables can be explained by the variables of primary school educated workers, high school educated workers, college educated labor, human development index, and government spending in the education sector while the remaining 0, 5586 percent is explained by other variables outside the model. In the end, the variables of elementary school educated labor, high school educated labor, college educated labor, human development index, and government expenditure in the education sector are expected to increase economic activity in order to achieve economic growth and improve the welfare of the community.

THE INFLUENCE ANALYSIS OF HUMAN RESOURCES, CAPITAL INCOME, DEVELOPMENT EXPENDITURE BUDGET AND REAL GRDP ON HUMAN DEVELOPMENT INDEX IN MANDAILING NATAL REGENCY

Quality of Human Resources in developing countries and poor countries is a very serious issue to be addressed . When the quality of human resources do not keep pace with the progress of time involved will lead to underdevelopment , poverty and unemployment which in turn trigger the overflow gap , inequality and adversity . This study aims to look at and determine how much influence Number of Qualified Persons , Budget Development, Real Gross Domestic Product and Shopping Structural Transformation of the Human Development Index in Mandailing Natal Regency . Used in measuring and analyzing time series data ( time series ) in the form of quarters in the period 2003 : Q1 - 2012 : Q4 . Data analysis using OLS ( Ordinary Least Square ) which is multiple regression . The results showed RHQ variable positive and significant effect on the HDI Mandailing Natal district , ABP variablespositive and significant effect on the HDI Mandailing Natal Regency ,any one significant negative effect on the HDI in Mandailing Natal Regency is Shopping Structural Transformation , while variable GRDPCP positive and significant impact on HDI of Mandailing Natal Regency. in α = 5%. The result of the regression model of HDI policy is R-squered=0,8967 whereas the presence of the model is R-squered BTS= 0,8907 in Mandailing Natal Regency, after the classic test. This means that in thebase stations are very well organized affect HDI, whereas if done deviation will adversely affect the HDI.

ANALYSIS OF BASE AND COMPETITIVE COMMODITIES OF CROP SUBSECTOR AND ITS EFFECT ON GDRP GROWTH OF LANGKAT REGENCY

Economic Growth is one of indicator which commonly used to observe economic development in a region. Conceptually, economic growth of a region is determined by sector values in producing goods and services. GDRP of Langkat regency is mostly dominated by agriculture, forestry and fisheries sector. Food security that Langkat Regency plan to be achieved really depends on food crops’ supply. However crops’ contribution is decreased every year. Therefore, it’s needed to examine which leading and highly competitive crops’ commodities. This study aimed to determine and analyze a base and competitive crops’ subsector and its effect on GDRP Langkat Regency. LQ was used to determine the base and non base commodities. While the analysis of RCA and MCI were used to see the commodities competitiveness. and to analyse its effect by using Ordinary Least Square. The type of data used was time series since 1996 to 2015 by using Eviews 7.0. Data was obtained from BPS Langkat Regency and Agriculture Department of Langkat Regency. The result of this study showed that paddy, corn, soybean and mungbean were base commodities of crops with average LQ > 1. This study also showed that paddy, corn, soybean and mungbean were highly competitive commodities with average RCA > 1. Average MCI each commodities is > 0,75 showed that commodities trade’s less spread (concentrated). Regression result showed that paddy has positive effect on GDRP growth in supply side (prob RCA 0,0035 < 0,05). Corn also showed that has positive effect on GDRP growth in supply and demand side (prob RCA 0,0016 < 0,05 and MCI 0,0193 < 0,05). Soybean showed that has positive effect on GDRP growth in production supply (LQ 0,0032 < 0,05) and Mungbean also showed that has positive effect on GDRP growth in production supply (LQ 0,0001 < 0,05).