Parents' Psychological Aspect in Caring for the Child During COVID-19 Pandemic

Introduction: COVID-19 is unprecedented, especially for parents with children aged 2-12 years old who are prone to infection due to their activities. The psychological condition of parents will be affected as they are worried about their children being infected with COVID-19.Methods: This study aims to identify and analyse the psychological aspects of parents who are caring for children during the COVID-19 pandemic.Results: The results showed that as many as 236 parents (80.9%) showed an emotional anxiety response. The social reaction to the COVID-19 situation was more likely to be a positive response (73.8%) rather than a negative response.Conclusion: The reactions that occur in parents who have pre-school and school-aged children regarding the COVID-19 were anxiety and worry. Reactions arise due to the information obtained being less verifiable, namely social media.

Challenges of Online Education among University Students, Saudi Arabia

Introduction: Online education during COVID 19 pandemic is witnessing significant growth, particularly in higher education. The aim of the study will explore the challenges that are being encountered related to online education for nursing students.Methods: A correlational study using cross-sectional approach was adopted among 150 participants selected through convenient sampling technique. Data was collected through electronic survey from undergraduate students participated voluntarily studying in College of Nursing, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia. The survey forms (Rating Scales on satisfaction and barriers of online education) were used to collect the data. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze the data by using SPSS version 24.0.Results: The results revealed nearly 92% of participants were highly satisfied with online education. The mean scores and SD related to satisfaction of online education was (37.50+ 8.50). The global perceived barriers mean scores and SD were (35.19+11.19) which indicates that they were able to quickly adopt new strategies by overcoming the limitations.Conclusion: The researcher concludes with the fact that study findings support that, students had positive perception on benefits of online learning by overcoming the limitations. In conclusion, online teaching and learning can be effectively incorporated in future also using blended approach.

Effects of Aerobic Exercise on Depression and CD4 Counts in People Living with HIV

Introduction: HIV patients often experience psychological and physical disorders which greatly affect the adherence of people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA). This study aimed to assess the effects of aerobic exercise on the levels of depression and CD4 cell count of HIV patients.Methods: This study used a pre-post quasi-experimental design with a control group. The sampling technique was consecutive sampling, with a total sample of 52 HIV respondents. Depression level was measured using the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), while CD4 count was measured using the Pyma analyser. The aerobic exercise intervention was given three times a week with a duration of 20-30 minutes each for four weeks. The collected data were analysed using a paired sample t-test and an independent sample t-test.Results: The results showed a significant difference in the mean value of depression before and after the intervention of aerobic exercise (M =25.15 and M=22.46, respectively) with p = 0.001. Similarly, there was a significant difference in the mean of CD4 counts between the control group (M=303.38) and the intervention group (M=305.38) after the intervention with p = 0.031.Conclusion: Aerobic exercise is effective in reducing depression levels and increasing CD4 counts in HIV patients. Immune system cells circulate more rapidly and there is a boost in the production of macrophages, cells that can attack bacteria.

The Effectiveness of a Nurse-led Team-Based Hypertension Management among People with Uncontrolled Hypertension in a Community Hospital, Thailand

Introduction: Uncontrolled blood pressure of people with hypertension remains a major public health issue. The purpose of this research was to evaluate the effectiveness of a Nurse-led Team-based Hypertension Management Program (NTHMP) among people with uncontrolled hypertension.Methods: This quasi-experimental one-group pre-posttest design research was done to evaluate the effectiveness of a NTHMP in a community hospital in Thailand. The sample was thirty people with uncontrolled hypertension who received outpatient care in a community hospital in Thailand. They participated in three months NTHMP which included 1) team-approached health education, 2) medication administration support, 3) motivation interviewing on behavioral adjustment and 4) home blood pressure monitoring for three months. Outcomes of the program; systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, hospital admissions with signs of hypertensive urgency were analyzed by using frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, and repeated measured ANOVA.Results: The results indicated that people with uncontrolled HT had lower systolic blood pressures and diastolic blood pressure compared with baseline levels (p<0.001), and no hospital admissions.Conclusion: This program provided evidence for nurses to manage blood pressure control in people with hypertension within a collaboration with multidisciplinary team members in the community hospital.

Empowering Health Cadres on Nutrition Education for Pregnant Women in Industrial Areas during the Pandemic

Introduction: Pregnant women living in industrial areas are exposed to higher levels of toxic substances, pollutants, and other chemicals; this is exacerbated by the pandemic conditions. Improving the nutritional status of pregnant women can be pursued through nutritional education for pregnant women. This study aimed to determine the differences in nutrition fulfilment patterns of pregnant women, before and after nutrition education.Methods: This study used quasi-experimental research with a one group pre post-test design. The samples were 51 pregnant women in industrial areas. Treatment in this study was nutrition education by empowering health cadres. The instrument of this research is an observation sheet that has been tested for validity and reliability. Data analysis used a statistical paired t-test.Results: Knowledge of pregnant women increased by 5.21% after treatment, and behaviour increased by 5.2%. The t-test showed that the the nutrition education model for pregnant women in industrial areas could significantly increase the knowledge (p-value = 0.000) and improve the behaviour (p-value = 0.000) of pregnant women.Conclusion: Nutrition education for pregnant women provided by health cadres is proven to increase knowledge of pregnant women about nutrition and behaviour of fulfilling nutrition during pregnancy in a pandemic situation. During the pandemic, pregnant women can increase knowledge related to nutrition fulfilment through the assistance of health cadres without worrying about being exposed to viruses from care providers.

Nurses’ Role in Taking Care of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Patients: A Qualitative Study

Introduction: Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) is becoming one of the major public health problems. It is important to screen the GDM and for the case to be managed by nurses. Nurses are needed to care for pregnant women with GDM, and the work experience of nurses is directly related to the assistance and quality of care provided. However, nurses face some barriers in understanding the GDM and providing good management thereof. This study explored the experiences of nurses of caring for GDM patients.Methods: This study was a phenomenological approach qualitative research. Participants were 10 nurses who provide care for pregnant women with GDM selected by purposive sampling technique with sampling criteria. Data analysis used the Colaizzi method.Results: There were five categories, e.g. empathy, inspiration to find ways to treat patients very well, feeling of ambivalence, self-preservation to develop potential, and the impact on the nurses of caring for GDM.Conclusion: Sustaining the nursing workforce and improving their working experiences are essential to meet the care needs of pregnant women with GDM. Nurses should understand to promote empathy, and there is a need to improve the job satisfaction and morale of nurses. At the institutional level, policy makers should make efforts to improve the nursing clinical practice environment, increase the nursing management role, the maternity nursing education and training, achieve a proper skill mix of the health workforce, and, overall, attract, prepare and sustain nurses regarding caring for pregnant women with high risk GDM.

The Relationship Between Level of Knowledge and Behaviors of COVID-19 Prevention among Indonesian Population

Introduction: Currently, there are no specific drugs to cure COVID-19, so it is an important strategy to be implemented in the community to increase knowledge and preventive behavior in order to prevent transmission. The purpose of this study was to see the relationship between the level of knowledge and preventive behavior against COVID-19 among Indonesian population.Methods: This study used an analytical method with a cross-sectional design. Samples were taken from the people of Depok City as many as 406 people. The independent variable was knowledge and the dependent variable was preventive behavior. The instruments used were questionnaires on the characteristics of the respondents and knowledge and behavior with online questionnaire via Google Forms. The sampling technique was non-probability sampling with a consecutive sampling method. Data analysis used descriptive analysis test, Chi-square and correlative hypothesis test.Results: The results showed that respondents have good knowledge (56.9%) and good prevention behavior (75.9%). The largest source of information about COVID-19 respondents was from Television News (84.4%). There was a significant relationship between the level of knowledge and preventive behavior toward COVID-19 (p=0.000). Moreover, there is a significant relationship between age (p=0.000), gender (p=0.000), education level (p=0.000) and work status (p=0.016) with knowledge.Conclusion:The findings suggest that the local government should initiate an innovative program of health education focusing on knowledge and preventive behavior toward COVID-19 at a community level. The strategies to combat COVID-19 will require community involvement to control and prevent the disease outbreak.

Teenagers’ Safety Smartphone Use Model Based on Health Promotion Theory

Introduction: Smartphones and teenagers in the age of technology are two very close things. Uncontrolled use of smartphones can create serious problems for teenagers, namely addiction. This research aims to build a safe smartphone use model for teenagers using a health promotion theory.Methods: This study was an explanatory study with a cross-sectional approach. The study population was 11-18 year old teenagers in Surabaya, Indonesia who use smartphones actively. The respondents were 185 teens recruited by simple random sampling. Variables include teenager factors, technology factors, environmental factors, teenagers’ thinking, self-control, commitment, and the level of smartphone use. The instrument used was an on-line questionnaire distributed through social media and then analyzed with partial least squares. The statistical afforded material for focus group discussion followed by 15 teenagers, 15 parents and 5 health workers in order to improve the model.Results: The results showed that the level of smartphone use was affected by self-control (t=2.303; p=0.022) and commitment (t=2.967; p=0.003). Self-control is influenced by adolescent factors (t=3.065; p=0.002), environmental factors (t=2.934; p=0.004) and teenagers’ thinking (t=2.522; p=0.012), also self-control affects teenagers’ commitment for using smartphones (t=3.953; p=0.000).Conclusion:The model formed emphasizes the importance of establishing self-control through adolescent thinking and environment factors so that they can commit to using smartphones safely

The Influence of Web-Based Spiritual Problem Solving on the Prevention of Suicidal Risk among University Students

Introduction: Suicide is a health phenomenon that is currently increasing, especially in young adults aged 15-29 years. The spiritual aspect in the form of belief in God is one way to prevent suicide. This study was conducted to determine the effect of web-based spiritual problem solving on the prevention of suicide risk in college students.Methods: The research design used a pre-experimental one-group pre-post-test. The sample was 59 respondents using the purposive sampling technique. The independent variable was web-based spiritual problem solving, and the dependent variable was suicide risk prevention. The intervention was delivered via the web using PowerPoint media, inspirational videos, and counseling for approximately one month with four sessions. Data were collected using a questionnaire and analyzed using the Wilcoxon sign rank test.Results: Web-Based Spiritual Problem Solving significantly decreases suicide risk with a p-value of 0.000 (p <0.05).Conclusion: Web-Based Spiritual Problem Solving has been shown to be effective in reducing students’ suicide risk. This web intervention can be used for 24 hours and specifically for counseling and two-way communication on the web; privacy is maintained because of a hidden identity, which is seen in code when interacting with counselors so as to minimize stigma

Nurses’ Individual Characteristics Associated with Five Moments Handwashing Compliance

Introduction: The most effective way to control infection is to ensure that hospital staff carry out handwashing according to the protocols. This study aims to determine the characteristics of nursing individuals that affect the compliance of the five moments of handwashing in the hospital inpatient room.Methods: The method used was a quantitative with a cross-sectional approach. The population was all nurses in five inpatient rooms totalling 84 nurses selected using purposive sampling. The dependent variable was the compliance of nurses' handwashing. The independent variableswere the individual characteristics of the nurses, including knowledge, gender, age, attitude, motivation, skin condition, years of service, education, employment status, infrastructure, and type of room. The data were collected using a questionnaire and observation of handwashing compliance. The handwashing observation was based on the hospital guidelines, and the relationship between the variables was analyzed using Chi square and logistic regressions test.Results: The study indicates that there is a significant relationship between motivation, education, and room type on compliance with the five moments handwashing (p <0.05). The most dominant factor was type of room, and there is no relationship between gender, age, years of work, skin condition, knowledge, attitude, employment status and infrastructures (p> 0.05).Conclusion:It is hoped that nurses can increase self-motivation to wash their hands for five minutes while working, as a form of dedication at work and to protect patients and themselves from nosocomial infections. Besides, hospital management needs to make efforts to increase the motivation of nurses.