Peruvian Journal of Agronomy
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Published By Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina

2616-4477

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 60-70
Author(s):  
Alejandro Kepler Llanos Melo ◽  
Walter Eduardo Apaza-Tapia

Stem-end rot (SER) of avocado is caused by several fungal species, and it is presented worldwide. This plant disease currently affects several avocado producer regions in Peru, causing fruit rot, impacting the industry negatively. Research about SER distribution in the canopy of avocado trees is limited. Thus, the present study aimed to compare which areas in the canopy are prone to have more SER in ‘Hass’ avocado harvested fruit in two different coastal areas in Peru. The experiment was conducted in the northern (Barranca) and southern (Cañete) of Lima. ‘Hass’Avocado fruits from both producer areas were collected to identify the causal agent; Lasiodiplodia theobromae was isolated from infected fruits. Identification was conducted based on morphological features and a partial DNA sequence of the translation elongation factor 1-α gene (tef1-α). The results showed that fruits inside the tree canopy were prone to have a higher disease incidence than the fruits located in the external site (P<0.001). Besides, internal-site fruits displayed a higher percentage of infected fruit for each grade disease (P<0.001) than external-site fruits, except for grade 0 (fruits without symptoms) and grade 1. Finally, the results suggested that the altitude where the fruit is positioned on the canopy could influence the incidence of SER, where fruits located in the high part revealed less incidence than the low section. The results are valuable for enhancing management strategies and avoiding postharvest loss of avocado fruits in our region.


2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 44-59
Author(s):  
A. Cerna ◽  
D. Vecco-Giove ◽  
M. Doria ◽  
H. Panduro ◽  
J. Rojas ◽  
...  

The consumption of insects is a widespread practice among indigenous or native peoples of the Amazon. To assess the knowledge of the diversity of resources for entomophagy from the perspective of these peoples, testimonies or references about knowledge and feeding traditions of 100 people were collected in 37 localities in seven provinces of the department of San Martín in the basin of the Huallaga River. One cumulative species curve and the probability function of new species were estimated, then the probability of not finding a new species (99.5 %) to n100 was determined. The specimens that were captured in the field (54 %) were compared with representative specimens and databases, and the information provided by the participants was analysed to approximate the preliminary taxonomic locations of the remaining part of the sample. We found 46 resources for entomophagy and reported for first time in the Peruvian Amazon, the feeding with Chrysophora chrysochlora, Podalia sp., Lusura chera, and Cymothoidae, among others. Entomophagy is a deeply rooted practice in the native and riverine populations of the Huallaga basin, where Rhynchophorus palmarum, Rhinostomus barbirostris, Atta cephalotes sspp. and Brassolis sophorae were the most consumed for 78 % – 97 % of people. The least consumed species have the common characteristic of being scarce and they were part of the diet of the oldest segment in previous decades. At least 10 resources ceased to be consumed by the members of the sample. In addition to nutritional potential, the diversity of edible arthropod fauna represents complementary values for community health and cultural identity; however, most of these resources (87 %) are threatened and could disappear in brief time, as is the knowledge related to their use.


2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 35
Author(s):  
Sandro Sardón Nina ◽  
Raúl D. Zapata Hernández ◽  
Luis A. Arias López

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 18
Author(s):  
Denis Paolo Cáceres Candia ◽  
Alejandro Risco Mendoza ◽  
Patricia Elena Quiroz-Delgado ◽  
Walter Eduardo Apaza-Tapia

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Suzan Abd El- Latif Kamel Ibrahim ◽  
Mohamed Ali Abdelsatar ◽  
Mohamed Abd El-Raheem Ahmed ◽  
Magdy M. Niazy

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 75
Author(s):  
Jorge Ramón Castillo Valiente ◽  
Susana Patricia Rodríguez Quispe ◽  
Walter Eduardo Apaza Tapia ◽  
Alberto Marcial Julca-Otiniano ◽  
Manuel Antonio Canto Saenz ◽  
...  

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 93
Author(s):  
Juan Nolasco-Chumpitaz ◽  
Paul Ccoyllo-Llacsa ◽  
Gabriela Koc-Sanchez ◽  
Percy Medina-Morales

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 82
Author(s):  
Rolando Egúsquiza Bayona ◽  
Jesús Salinas F. ◽  
Mario Vidal F.
Keyword(s):  

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 121
Author(s):  
Kripa Adhikari ◽  
Sudip Bhandari ◽  
Laxmi Dhakal ◽  
Jiban Shrestha

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