E-Assessment and NEP 2020: Transforming Assessment for Students’ Development

The technological advancement and e-learning systems has resulted during upraised demand for tactics and means in measuring student's learning. Assessment is undoubtedly an important part of the education process in any education institution. The present study is to points on concepts of e-assessment; e-assessment historical background, tasks which will be accessed through e-assessment; purposes for assessment; recommendations of NEP2020 to shift assessment from summative to formative for students’ development; advantages and issues of e-assessment. it's concluded that e-assessment are more productive if it is reliable, valid and trustworthy so the Assessors need collaborative attempt todevelop genuine, transparent, valid and practicable assessment. E-assessment helps to measure the task of high order assessment. Keywords: E-assessment, NEP 2020, Assessment of Learning, Assessment for Learning, Assessment as Learning.

Society, Media and Technology Relationship: An Overview

The relationship of human and technology have been found in every civilizations phase. Technology has given a pace to the modernizations of society. As human civilization has moved and developed, means of communication have grown together. Communication started through pictures in caves. Symbols and pictures were the media to express thoughts, notions and activities of that period. People begin developing technology from the objects they use in their daily life. After the origin of the state, a new communication medium has made it realizes its existence. This paper examines how the invention of media technology changes the shape of state formation and social systems. Keywords: Media, Technology, Society, State, Communication

The Relevance of Gandhi in the Age of Globalisation

The relevance of Gandhian ideas and his technique of satyagraha in resolving global problems is even greater today. The economic disparity, social divisions, ecological catastrophe and growing social intolerance are global challenges in the age of capitalist and technological globalisation. Globalisation as an economic model with neo- liberal ideology is inconsistent with Gandhian economic and political philosophy. Globalisation per se does not seem to be not be reversible as the hegemony of the global capital is deeply entrenched. However, its malaise can be better managed with Gandhian prescriptions. Gandhi stands for pursuit of truth, incessant enquiry, nonviolence, human values, dignity of labour, and respect for the plurality of views, economic and political decentralisation with substantial decrease in the power of the state. Gandhian vision stands for mobilisation of the people’s power through nonviolent active participation against all kinds of injustices and making the political power accountable in the service of the society. Gandhi had deep faith in the intrinsic goodness of individual human beings and he staunchly believed and demonstrated that truthful and moral means are superior to immoral means in redressing the social and political problems confronting mankind. Gandhian economic and political vision is for a decentralised, just and nonviolent society which is indispensable for spiritual and moral upliftment of individual human beings. Gandhian prescriptions are for common masses and practical. It only requires pursuit of truthful and moral means without any hatred and ill will for anyone in the struggle against domination and injustice. Keywords: Satyagraha, Ahimsa, Dharna, Hindu, Inter-faith, Decentralisation, Moksha, Spiritual

Understanding Puranic Goddesses of Early Assam

The Goddess cult had influenced the socio-religious history of early Assam. Assam was under the influence of Tantra before the Puranic tradition reached the region. Female divinities occupied topmost position in Tantricism. Goddess is central to most of the religious beliefs in ancient Assam, specifically among the local tribal cult. Though the early Vedic literature seldom discussed about the female divinities, the author of the Puranas in later period tried to incorporate the regional goddesses to Puranic literature due to their popularity among the local people. The authors of the Puranas tried to spread Brahmonical social order and therefore choose the popular goddesses. Some Mahapuranas and Upa-Puranas richly equipped with Mother cult. This paper intends to discuss the status of some Puranic goddesses of early Assam with the help of sculptural evidences. Keywords: Goddess, Mahapurana, Upa-Purana, Sculpture, Tantra, Mother cult, Vedic literature

Possibility of Objectivity in Social Science Research: From the Standpoint of Max Weber

In this essay, I have attempted to defense the possibility of objectivity in case of social science research. It is basically an evaluation of Max Weber’s interpretation in maintaining the possibility of objectivity in social science. There is a long tradition in the philosophy of social science maintaing a sharp distinction between social science and natural science in terms of both goals as well as method; and there is no doubt about that natural sciences have the higher degree of objectivity in comparison with social science. It is not possible to maintain absolute objectivity in case of social science research. But, by following some tricksit is possible to make a social inquiry more reliable and justifiable.This paper aims to improve such tricks as well as such a unique methodology adopted by Max Weber through which it is possible to maintain objectivity in social science as well as to establish social science as a successful science. Keywords: Max Weber, Objectivity, Social Science, Natural Science, Value-free Ideal, Theory-Ladenness, Value-Neutrality

Problem of Child Sexual Abuse and the Response of Judiciary: an Analytical Study

Child sexual abuse is a tragic reality of every society which has always been tried to hide. However, Child Sexual abuse is a social constriction and its definition and conceptualization are also socially constructed phenomena. Children are the most sensitive and delicate part of every family, society and Nation, hence the risk of their vulnerability are also very high. In such a situation, the increasing incident of sexual abuse against children is extremely frightening. The NCRB data released every year is also telling a similar horrifying picture. Whereas many cases occurring in homes remain unreported and unfortunately many children are forced to bear all pain of sexual abuse silently. Child sexual abuse is a very serious issue and should therefore be taken with utmost seriousness and sensitivity. considering the severity of problem in 2012, the POCSO Act was passed by parliament with the main objective of protection of children from various kind of sexual abuses and offence .In 2018 after a horrifying incident of khatua, in Jammu and Kashmir, some amendments were made in POCSO Act and IPC under which in some aggravated forms of sexual crime against children it has been added stringent provisions ranging from life imprisonment to death sentence. But all these legal remedies will prove to be completely useless. If our judicial system adopts the same criteria on such crimes as it does in others cases of sexual offences as seen in many judicial decisions. Majour Singh case, Mathura Rape case and Rahim Beg case are the few great example of injustice precedent. Keywords: child sexual abuse, sexual violence, molestation, criminal justice system, judiciary, protection of children, POCSO Act and IPC.

Role of Yoga in Ancient Menstrual Ethics with special reference to concept of Citta ?uddhi

One of the objectives of Yoga is to achieve and maintain purity of Citta. The entire practices of Yoga are intended to achieve purity of Citta by any means and ways, and in all conditions. It keeps working on its objective so that human beings would be able to achieve the state of supreme bliss or the state of ?nanda. To attain the level of anta? ?uddhi, covering various aspects of Citta, one has to adhere zealously to yama and niyama with Ha?h Yoga or ????nga Yoga then they would be able to reach the avacetana mana and after that they try to attain the level of Citta ?uddhi. Fortunately women are granted a great opportunity or a golden chance by nature in the form of menstrual phase which is known as Raja?sr?va k?la whereby she has to do nothing from the practices of Ha?h Yoga or R?ja Yoga and she can just sit by herself and may try to choose any way to open up her inner self and reach the avacetana mana very quickly by practicing the dh?ra?a, dhy?na, mantra chanting and various relaxation techniques. She may thus work to purify her Citta at a greater speed and able to attain peace and bliss sooner, because there are certain ancient ethics related to the menstrual phase, like; isolation, keeping away from cooking, avoids mingling with other people, etc. These can actually be conducive to thinking and taking action for awakening the inner self, the true and ultimate purpose of life. This research work is an attempt to throw light on some hidden phenomenon behind the ancient ethics related to menstrual phase, with guidelines and suggestions for women intended towards realising their real potential and leading them towards ultimate aim of life. Keywords: Citta, Ancient Menstrual Ethics, Citta?uddh.

Shurpankha as an assertive woman in Kavita Kane’s ‘Lanka’s Princess’ – a critical study

Indian mythology has been a subject of deep study and interest. Many people have reviewed and shared their thoughts regarding various mythological subjects. Various primary, secondary, male, female characters have been discussed on various platforms. But, there are many women characters who have not got justice regarding their lives and personality. A lot of them have been portrayed as negative and dark characters. The explanation behind their angst and revenge has been unknown or hidden. Kavita Kane in her works has tried to unravel the hidden personalities and various aspects of these characters. In this paper, the focus has been made on a very negatively approached woman character, Shurpankha, sister of Ravan, from the epic Ramayan. Was Shurpankha really hateful? What would have been the reasons behind her anguish and dark nature? Kavita Kane has made an effort to answer many such questions about Shurpankha, in her book ‘Lanka’s Princess’. Even being a princess, what might have been the reasons about her revenge taking acts, that caused war between Ram and Ravan.

Importance Performance Analysis of Service quality for Locals and Expats in Indian Restaurants in Taiwan: Case Study

In the recent era, service quality has played a key role in each organization. This study aims to evaluate the service quality performance of ChilliesineIndian restaurants located in Taichung city of Taiwan. In this context, we have adopted the DINERSERV questionnaire after reviewing various literature. Importance performance analysis methodology has been used to understand the service performance of each service item. The study will evaluate and analyze the service quality desired as per the customer in Taichung city under the context of the service quality. IPA being a marketing tool to give a vivid picture for managers to make decision and understand their competitive advantage and improve on the rest.

Kayayei: A Consequence of Inadequate Family Support and Government Policy Failure

This paper focuses primarily on the current conditions of girls engaged in the ‘Kaya’ business in commercial markets in urban areas in Ghana. The paperaims at establishing the failure of the family and government in addressing the ‘kayayie’ phenomenon in Ghana. The specific objectives are to find the causes, consequences, and attempts made by government to address the phenomenon, and the way forward. The methodology for writing this paper is essentially that of a desk review of available literature and information from the Ministry of Gender Children and Social Protection (MoGCSP), supplemented with academic materials and personal observations. The paper poses the question: why has the family and government failed to address the ‘kayayei’ phenomenon in Ghana? It is positioned on Everett Lee’s Push and Push Model (1960) which explains migration as having factors that either push or pull individuals to move out of places of origin. A major finding of this paper is that budget challenges affect the government’s capacity to provide funds and sustain projects aimed at improving the welfare of kayayei. The paper does not only recommend that issues relating to ‘Kayayei’ should be prioritised but also that a national data collection exercise be embarked upon to collect accurate figures to enable government take informed decisions, and to enhance monitoring and evaluation.