CADASTRAL REGISTRATION OF REAL PROPERTY WITH DATA DIGITALIZATION

Problem statement. The transition in Ukraine from registration and accounting of land in the State Land Cadastre to registration and accounting of real estate in the multi-purpose cadastre requires research aimed at optimizing the information of the multi-purpose cadastre and the form of data representation based on their digitalization to limit the size of the database by technological support. The composition and scope of real estate accounting information data determine the purpose and functions of the multi-purpose cadastre. The problem is the huge amount of information about real estate and the great variety of objects. The difficulty of formalizing too much data for a multi-purpose cadastre information system makes it necessary to explore ways to reduce the amount of software memory involved by digitizing the data. Purpose of the article. Solving the problem of reducing the amount of memory for the database of registration and accounting of real estate through digitalization requires research on the composition of the necessary information about real estate in the multi-purpose cadastre to ensure the functions of the cadastre based on analysis of users' needs. In order to move from the information on real estate determined by the results of analysis to the basic and thematic geospatial data of the cadastre, it is necessary to perform multilevel structuring of cadastral objects at the level of real estate classification, including land plots, construction objects by characteristic legal, technical and value features. A significant reduction in the amount of memory used in the database of information technology support of the multi-purpose cadastre was achieved by coding the characteristics of real estate, including land, construction objects and other land improvements that are part of real estate. Conclusion. Digitization of real estate data in the multi-purpose cadastre allows you to: significantly reduce the amount of database memory used on the server; provide easy access to data on real estate properties; significantly increase the protection of identification of cadastral objects and their properties; opens new opportunities for real estate management, control over compliance with the law, the application of targeted measures to stimulate the desired development of real estate and prevent adverse use of territories.

NANOTECHNOLOGIES IN CONSTRUCTION

Problem statement. Cosmetics, clothing, and even food packaging: nanomaterials have invaded our daily lives. The construction and construction sector is no exception, and is undoubtedly one of the largest users of this technology. It is difficult to know if a building product contains nanomaterials. Indeed, unlike certain products, such as cosmetics, food or biocides (insecticides, detergents), no regulations establish special labeling. However, they are very widespread and are used to improve the properties of most materials: cement, plaster, glass, tiles, insulation metals, paints, etc. The benefits of using nanoparticles in construction are huge, promising extraordinary physical and chemical properties for modified building materials. Among the many different types of nanoparticles, titanium dioxide, carbon nanotubes, silicon dioxide, copper, clay, and aluminum oxide are the most widely used nanoparticles in the construction sector [1]. The purpose of this article is to analyze the use of nanoparticles in the construction industry to illustrate the benefits of using nanoparticles and address the short − and long-term effects of nanoparticles on the environment and human health in the microcosm of industry, so that the results can be generalized. Results. The use of nanotechnologies in construction and their properties are analyzed. Scientific novelty and practical significance. The problem of using nanothenologies in construction is analyzed.

HUSTYNSKYI LITOPYS: A DOCUMENTARY MONUMENT OF UKRAINIAN HISTORICAL THOUGHT OF THE SEVENTEENTH CENTURY

Ukrainian historical thought of the seventeenth century is an interesting intellectual phenomenon, the genesis and social and cultural functioning of which took place against the background of political, geopolitical and interfaith confrontation in Eastern Europe. In Ukrainian historiography, this period of cultural and intellectual development was called “the first Ukrainian national and cultural revival”. Its characteristic feature was the growing interest of society in historical memory, in particular, in the memory of the Ancient Rus era as the origins of Rus-Ukraine, which is trying to find its place among other peoples of Europe. The question of reflecting the ancient n era in the historical thought of Ukraine in the late sixteenth − seventeenth centuries. in historiography it is elaborated in fragments, within the framework of side plots, at best, at the level of coverage of the views of individual authors (Feodosii Sofonovych, Inokentii Hizel, author of the Ukrainian Chronograph, some Polish writers, etc.). Among the monuments of historical thought of this tame period, the “Hustynskyi Litopys” attracts attention, the authorship of which is still the subject of discussion. The problem of authorship of the monument is quite old, but this issue has not been finally resolved. There is an assumption that y 20s of the seventeenth century. Zacharii Kopystenskyi worked on the chronicle. The list of Mykhailo Losytskyi, the hieromonk of the Hustyn monastery, made in 1670, is considered to be the final edition of the monument. This editing preserves the conceptual identity and consistency of presentation. The chronicle, despite its conceptual dependence on Polish literature, is based on its own concept, within substantiates the peculiarities of Rus' historical path among neighboring peoples, and explains the genesis of the Cossack factor, which became decisive in Eastern European politics of the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. Ukrainian historical thought in the form of a chronicle of the 16−17th century needs further meticulous research.

RESEARCH OF THEORETICAL ASPECTS OF DEVELOPMENT PROFESSIONAL EXPECTATIONS OF FUTURE PROFESSIONALS

Problem statement. Freelance teachers are often faced with the fact that students who study in a particular specialty for four or six years, after graduation go to work in another specialty or master another profession. This situation, or rather the problem of so-called "staff turnover", is especially characteristic of technical specialties. And it does not matter whether the student is studying under a contract, whether he occupies a state budget place, whether the student is successful in his studies, or belongs to those who are constantly absent from class and have academic debts. In our opinion, the study of the causes of such issues, which is characteristic of the Free Economic Zone in Ukraine, is an important and insufficiently studied task from a theoretical and practical point of view. A large amount of scientific psychological and pedagogical research is devoted to the study of motives for choosing a specialty and future profession, the topic of motivation of modern youth in general, the study of professional interests of high school students, experimental research on career guidance. But there is very little theoretical and practical work aimed at studying the reasons for choosing a profession that does not correspond to the educational specialty. Purpose of the article is to analyze the problem of studying the professional expectations of students, as well as to investigate the psychological characteristics of young people as a subject of study and the factors influencing young people's choice of specialty and future profession in the process of their education in Institutions of higher education (IHE). Conclusions. Analyzed: psychological features of students as subjects of study; the meaningful nature of students' choice of their professional path; factors influencing young people's choice of specialty and future profession; psychological features of successful mastering of knowledge during training in IHE; psychological components of the student's cognitive activity - motives, interest, attention, memory, volitional and emotional processes; problems of professional career realization as an element of self-realization and human self-development; components of emotional and evaluative attitude of students to the future profession; functions that fulfill professional expectations in the life of the individual; signs of the content of professional expectations.

STUDY OF OCCUPATIONAL RISK ASSESSMENT METHODOLOGY

In the course of work it was demonstrated that occupational risk is considered to be the probability of harm to health as a result of exposure to harmful and / or dangerous production factors during the labor process. A prerequisite for occupational safety in production activities is knowledge and assessment of the activities of sources of danger, risk assessment tools, the degree of impact of hazards on people and taking the necessary measures. Risk management is carried out in the performance of each production operation performed by employees of the enterprise, and is aimed at eliminating or reducing unacceptable risks through the implementation of appropriate protective measures. Without the analysis and management of occupational risks, it is impossible to create safe conditions, as well as reduce injuries and reduce occupational diseases. One of the main methods of occupational risk analysis that gives the best results is the method of analysis of causation using a dynamic model. In order to identify hazards, assess risks and implement protective measures that can ensure the acceptable level of risks of future work, it is necessary to consider the production task and visit the work site. Work is allowed if there are no additional hazards and protective measures of the Risk Assessment Map are actually implemented. It is forbidden to perform the work when identifying additional hazards that require reducing the risks of additional resources and the decision of management. It is strictly forbidden to perform the work until the rapid reduction of the level of risk to an acceptable level begins − with the identification of additional hazards that require the development and implementation of protective measures at the expense of personal resources.

APPLICATION OF OFFICE INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES TO SOLVE THE PROBLEMS OF OPTIMAL STRUCTURAL RESERVATION OF SYSTEMS

Problem statement. The problems of optimal structural redundancy of systems are usually formulated as a nonlinear problem of mathematical programming with integer variables, and to solve them, usually, various optimization methods are used, which requires the development of special algorithms and appropriate software. However, in the case of clarifying the original task of optimal redundancy, there is often a need to adjust the developed algorithms and software. All this greatly complicates obtaining the desired results. Another approach to solving problems of optimal redundancy of systems is the use of office information technology, the tool environment of which is adapted to solve mathematical problems, including optimization problems. This approach does not require the development of special algorithms and software. However, issues related to the effectiveness of the information technology used to solve this problem require further scientific and practical study. This article formulates a model of optimal design of redundant systems according to the criterion of minimum cost while ensuring the required level of reliability during a given time. This model is written in terms of a nonlinear problem of mathematical programming with integer variables and is numerically implemented in the operating environment of an Excel spreadsheet when the main object of the designed system consists of 6 elements. The optimal options for reserving this object according to the schemes of "hot" and "cold" redundancy are obtained. The purpose of the article is to show the effectiveness and efficiency of the MS Excel spreadsheet to solve problems of optimal structural redundancy of systems. Conclusions. This article discusses issues related to the problem of solving problems of optimal design of redundant systems in the tool environment of the MS Excel spreadsheet. Examples of solving the problems of separate "hot" and separate "cold" redundancy of a 6-element object prove the effectiveness and efficiency of the MS Excel spreadsheet to solve this problem. In addition, the developed optimization model can be successfully used in practical tasks to ensure the reliability of technical systems in the early stages of their design.

STRENGTH OF CONCRETE UNDER LOCAL COMPRESSION TAKING INTO ACCOUNT THE RELATIONSHIP OF THE ELEMENT HEIGHT TO THE SIZE OF THE LOADING AREA

Formulation of the problem. Reliability of buildings and structures from reinforced concrete largely depends on efficiency of construction solutions of supporting areas and joins of elements of bearing systems. At the same time, an important place is given to the issues of ensuring their bearing capacity. One of the ways to solve this problem is to increase the strength characteristics of concrete, in particular by using basalt fiber. The purpose of the article is to improve the method of calculating the strength of concrete elements under the local compression on a general theoretical basis and to clarify the impact on the strength of determining factors. Conclusion. To calculate the strength of concrete elements under the local compression, the theory of concrete plasticity is promising. The application of the variational method and the principle of virtual velocities is proposed. According to research, the strength of concrete, in addition to the ratio of the area of application of the load and the cross-sectional area, is affected by the ratio of the height of the element to the width of the stamp and both characteristics of concrete strength. The proposed kinematic failure schemes have found experimental confirmation. Analysis of test results of concrete elements and assessment of their strength on the basis of the theory of plasticity allowed making the program of experimental research of fibroconcrete on basalt fibers under local compression.

GENERAL METHODOLOGICAL APPROACHES, PROVISIONS AND PRINCIPLES OF CREATING THE HOUSING MODULE LUNAR BASE

Problem statement. Today, the world's leading researchers are working on the creation of objects on the surface of the Moon. One of the urgent tasks is to develop living modules that provide the necessary protection for the crew of the lunar missions. Analysis of existing research has shown that in order to support long-term surface missions, the lunar infrastructure must provide the necessary functionality of the housing base, such as extraction and processing of raw materials, construction, construction of buildings and structures, life support. Purpose of the article. Analysis of the current state of scientific and applied problems and setting goals and objectives of the further study. The subject of the study is to establish the patterns of lunar bases design and operation in the human civilization interests. Conclusions. The solution of the objectives of the study using the proposed systematic approach of creating an innovative dual-use product, namely, the development of building materials, products and structures by additive technologies (3D-printing) and recommendations for their production will allow the creation of high-security building projects that can be used for development of the Moon and the Earth, which will contribute to the development of domestic territorial and industrial infrastructure. The earth and lunar rocks are extremely similar, so the earth rock processing technologies can be applied to the lunar rocks. The development of the residential module and the structures design must take into account the complete life cycle of the lunar base facilities, as well as the physiological needs of the lunar base crew.

WAYS OF ACTUALIZATION OF NATIONAL PERCEPTION OBJECTS OF ARCHITECTURE

Problem statement. Today in Ukraine the mechanisms of public influence on decision-making regarding the development of urban ensembles and cities in general continue to be formed. At the same time, the level of education of ordinary citizens in current trends in architecture, design and urban planning remains quite low. This affects the general semantic state of the architectural content of cities and results in a literal repetition of the visual forms of the XIX century in modern buildings, especially in the central (historical) parts of Ukrainian cities. According to the hypothesis of this research, the solution to this problem is in the creation of a system of free basic architectural education at several different levels. Purpose of the article. The main purpose of this work is to determine ways to update the perception of architectural objects by residents of Ukrainian cities. The objectives of the study are the analysis of publicly available methods of obtaining basic architectural and urban education and their classification, the definition of rational means to increase the general level of awareness in the field of architecture and urban planning. Conclusion. Due to the extraordinary breadth and heterogeneity of the population of large cities of Ukraine, achieving a global departure from inauthentic and irrelevant architectural and urban principles and update the national perception of architectural objects and architecture in general is possible only through introducing a set of actions aimed at a specific target audience (TA). In this study, in order to simplify, only four basic TAs are identified, but in further developments they need to be detailed more to achieve a better actual result. In the general context, the most important will be TA1 (students) − an audience that can begin to receive basic architectural knowledge, sufficient enough to understand the main trends in architecture and urban planning.

IMPROVEMENT OF VOCATIONAL GUIDANCE WORK BY SPECIALTY “ARCHITECTURE AND URBAN PLANNING”

The work is devoted to the improvement of career guidance work in the specialty "Architecture and Urban Planning". Research objectives: 1. To study and generalize knowledge and experience on the organization of career guidance work. 2. Investigate the patterns of formation and development of thinking at different ages. 3. Summarize the data on career guidance work in the specialty "Architecture and Urban Planning" at the Dnieper State Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture. 4. To substantiate the peculiarities of the organization of early career guidance work taking into account the laws of formation and development of different ages children thinking. The study was conducted by summarizing a number of theoretical provisions of various scientific concepts and practical experience, as an information base used official data published in the scientific literature. Conclusions. The particularity of the specialty "Architecture and Urban Planning" requires early specialization of future potential applicants for higher education, as well as the acquisition and improvement of certain skills from an early age. Early career guidance in the specialty "Architecture and Urban Planning" is the key to successful entry into the Free Economic Zone, as well as obtaining a specialty that meets the individual characteristics of the child and the maximum professional realization in future work. As a means of early career guidance, in full, should be used as a means of informing potential applicants, as well as training and selection measures for innate (features of thinking, channel perception activity) and acquired skills. Taking into account the sensitive periods of the child's development, during the organization of cognitive activity, significantly reduces the burden on the child and reorients educational activities to meet the relevant needs of certain functional systems during their formation and development. In order to save costs in the system of "learning − acquisition of knowledge" career guidance work associated with the development of certain abilities, it is desirable to conduct mainly in the relevant sensitive periods, taking into account the stages of formation and development of thinking.