ГЕНЕЗА ДУМИ ПРО БРИТАНКУ ЮРІЯ ЯНОВСЬКОГО В КОНТЕКСТІ ТРАДИЦІЙ РАДЯНСЬКОЇ ДРАМАТУРГІЇ

The specificity of this article is the consideration not only of the completed text entitled A Duma about Brytanka, but also of the play-forming and creating process, which became possible due to the presence of drafts and draft notes to the work. Therefore, this study is conducted not only in along the lines of literary theory, but also textology. The relevance of the study is that the view from above allows us to comprehend, or even rethink, the play A Duma about Brytanka in the context of the author’s work and also in the context of the Soviet drama landscape in general. Understanding and rethinking the work of predecessors is an important process for comprehending the development of literature as a general process and its development within the national borders. The aim of the study at hand is to determine how the realities of the time and especially the accepted literary trend and historical events influenced the formation of the text of the play. The results of the study show that the original idea of A Duma about Brytanka had much more romantic features, as romanticism as a style of thinking was inherent for Yuri Yanovskyi. However, in the process of creating the play, the author began to rely on the documents that showed the real case of the social republic. The author abandoned the original version and completed the play so that it became much closer to the Soviet canon than to romanticism.

Projects for Ferme Ornée on the Island of Lokrum by Archduke Ferdinand Maximilian of Habsburg

This research deals with projects for a residence on the island of Lokrum by Archduke Maximilian I of Habsburg (1832-1867). In the short period of owning the island (1859-1867), Maximilian ordered three different designs for Lokrum. The subject of research in this paper is the first phase of the project, dating from 1860 to 1866, when the general plan of the island, Maximilian’s residence, farm building and court chapel were designed. The research is based on an analysis of primary archival sources while the contemporary models for the project have been found through literature review. Twenty archival drafts have been described textually and graphically published. Maximilian actively participated in the planning and design process, but the author of the projects was Thomas Friedrich. After the general plan of the island from 1860 came sixteen preserved plans of Maximilian’s residence, which are with this research dated to the period from 1862 to 1864. The drafts for the farm building, court chapel and altar date back to the period from 1864 to 1866. Although in terms of architecture it was only partially built (only the landscape part of the project was executed), the Lokrum project from 1860 to 1866 shows Maximilian’s original idea of the island before the later grandiose plans of transformation into an imperial residence.

Ontology of a Wavefunction from the Perspective of an Invariant Proper Time

All the arguments of a wavefunction are defined at the same instant, implying the notion of simultaneity. In a somewhat related matter, certain phenomena in quantum mechanics seem to have non-local causal relations. Both concepts contradict the special relativity. We propose defining the wavefunction with respect to the invariant proper time of special relativity instead of the standard time. Moreover, we shall adopt the original idea of Schrodinger, suggesting that the wavefunction represents an ontological cloud-like object that we shall call “individual fabric” that has a finite density amplitude vanishing at infinity. Consequently, the action of measurement can be assimilated to the introduction of a confining potential that triggers an inherent nonlocal mechanism within the individual fabric. This mechanism is formalised by multiplying the wavefunction with a localising Gaussian, as in the GRW theory, but in a deterministic manner.

“Harvest” by Denis Tretyakov: modeling the image of the world through historical, metaphysical and receptive transcendence

The author turns to the synthetic (intermediate) analysis of the musical composition Harvest by Denis Tretyakov. Two interpretative and semantic layers of the song text are identified and analyzed. The socio-historical (external) level of the text is realized through a decipherable event-plot code. The second (internal) level of the text is much more implicit, since it correlates with its metaphysical semiotic component. It is here that the key to an adequate interpretation is hidden. The song Harvest is connected with the ode To Joy (Beethoven / Schiller) both musically / melodically and textually. Moreover, the correlation of different levels can be traced with individual texts of other authors, in turn, conceptually correlated with this work. These are primarily Gnostic apocrypha (The Apocrypha of Johan, The Walk of the Virgin in Torment), the involvement of which serves to a certain extent the correct analysis of the central image (Misha Gorlikov). He can be identified with both Michael the archangel and the fallen angel Samael, which allows us to speak about the ambivalence not only of the image itself, but also of the picture unfolded in the text, represented as a universal model of the world. There are at least two ways of receiving the ode To Joy by Denis Tretyakov: embodying the original idea and rethinking it. Both solutions receive voluminous, multi-valued implementations, although it is the second way (reinterpretation) that is obviously semantically representative and dynamic. Thanks to the original explication of the musical and verbal sides of the composition, a new author's concept is born, a new own text, at the same time understood as a kind of gesture of art / anti-art.

Racism and the Case for Reparations: A Response to Michael Banner

Racism, that is, the idea that White people are innately superior to people of other ethnicities, especially Black people, is a lie that supported slavery and the slave trade. That lie continues to shape all our lives today including our attitude to the issue of paying reparations to the enslaved. Not only was the original idea of a hierarchy or races a lie, but other falsehoods have been used to hide the atrocities and injustices that were committed based on that first lie. Further, the hold of racism on human society is maintained by a distortion of the issue that results in White people having a visceral reaction to the subject.

West Bank Barrier: Origins, Implementation, and Consequences

The Israelis call it a “security fence,” but the Palestinians call it the “apartheid wall.” From the original idea to its construction, the West Bank barrier, which separates Israel from the West Bank, is hugely controversial. This article begins by unpacking Israel’s motivations to build such an edifice, arguing that, despite its purported security purposes, evidence suggests that the barrier may also have been intended to prevent an influx of Palestinians living inside Israeli territory that would have threatened Israel’s claim to be a Jewish State. This research investigates the political, social, and economic consequences of the barrier for Palestinians, concluding with a discussion of the barrier’s implications for the Israeli-Palestinian relationship overall.

Chasing Shadows

“Chasing Shadows” offers an intimate portrait of the current practice of the prophetic movement called Kyangyang in Guinea-Bissau. Kyangyang means “the shadows”, but its followers also call themselves “Children of God”. The members of the movement, belonging to the Balanta ethnic group, communicate with their ancestors, who transmit messages from the high God through prophetic writing, glossolalia, divination rituals, and spirit possession. Guided by the ancestors, they heal and give advice in collective ceremonies. This film delves into the creative and poetic world of Kyangyang by giving voice to its members, young and adults, men and women. It also explores the relations between Kyangyang and Balanta cosmology and between the prophetic movement and the two main "world religions" in the country: Islam and Christianity, in its Catholic and Evangelical modes. Original idea and Research: Ramon Sarró and Marina Temudo Direction, camera and sound: Roger Canals Editing: Jordi Orobitg Production: University of Oxford and Jordi Orobitg Produccions

Eurasianism Today and What Lev Gumilev Was Right About

Lev Gumilev, the son of the famous Russian poets Nikolai Gumilev and Anna Akhmatova, according to all the canons of history, had to remain in the shadow of his great parents. However, Lev Gumilev went down in history as a very outstanding personality, the author of the original idea of the birth and development of ethnicities, which was called the “passion” theory of ethnogenesis. This theory causes great controversy about its scientific nature to this day. Lev Gumilev developed his theory within the framework of the concept of Eurasianism. Among the wide variety of Eurasian peoples, Gumilev saw a common ethnic origin, common stereotypes of behavior that could lead to the geopolitical unity of the territory inhabited by them. At the end of the last century, primordialism in ethnology was rejected by the majority of the scientific community, and Gumilev’s ideas were criticized. However, last years the Eurasianist ideas of Lev Gumilev are experiencing a new wave of importance in connection with the strategic path of development that the Russian Federation has chosen for itself, which is progressively building the United Eurasian Community.

A A Survey of the Link Prediction on Static and Temporal Knowledge Graph

Link prediction in knowledge graphs gradually plays an essential role in the field of research and application. Through detecting latent connections, we can refine the knowledge in the graph, discover interesting relationships, answer user questions or make item suggestions. In this paper, we conduct a survey of the methods that are currently achieving good results in link prediction. Specially, we perform surveys on both static and temporal graphs. First, we divide the algorithms into groups based on the characteristic representation of entities and relations. After that, we describe the original idea and analyze the key improvements. In each group, comparisons and investigation on the pros and cons of each method as well as their applications are made. Based on that, the correlation of the two graph types in link prediction is drawn. Finally, from the overview of the link prediction problem, we propose some directions to improve the models for future studies.

Promotion of Nationalism through Caste: A Study of Rabindra Nath Tagore’s Gora

The original idea of caste system was engineering the society on the basis of labor division by providing every sector of society a distinct and important role to make the Hindu society an integrated whole making every group in the society depending on every other or the society was engineered to be completely inter-dependent, but the problem is that it has been misused as a means of social exploitation, oppression that has led the society towards mutual hatred and disintegration. The main objective of this research article is to find out how Gora, the protagonist of Rabindra Nath Tagore’s novel Gora, has used the idea of caste division as a means to promote nationalism among the people. Theoretical insights of liberal nationalism are used to analyze the primary text with the help of theoretical insights of Edward Soja’s ‘Thirdspace’. The article examines and analyzes how one can help strengthen social integration by respecting the others and offering the people justice even though difference is inevitable among the people living in a society. The article concludes that caste system can be exercised as a means of cultural nationalism by celebrating the difference among the people and respecting the jobs done by others.