Natural Resources in Function of Sustainable and Competitive Toursim Development of the EU Countries

Natural resources are the base of tourism development and competitive position in the tourism market of many tourist destinations. At the same time, the issue of their use in the function of tourism development is very complex and must be based on the idea of sustainability. The paper examines the importance of natural resources for the competitiveness of tourism in the European Union (EU). The aim of this paper is to consider the relationship of natural resources and tourism competitiveness in the EU countries, as well as to identify countries of good practice, but also countries that require improvement of natural tourism attractions ​​and their activation in function of competitive and sustainable tourism development. In accordance with the defined aim of the research, correlation and cluster analysis are applied in the paper. The results of the research can benefit the creators of tourism development policy, because they enable the selection of indicators of availability and attractiveness of natural resources that can be improved, as well as countries in which special attention should be paid to more successful tourism valorization of natural resources.

STRATEGI PENGEMBANGAN DAYA TARIK WISATA BANGSRING UNDERWATER BERBASIS MASYARAKAT

Bangsring Underwater is one of the natural tourism attractions in Banyuwangi. Located in Bangsring village, Wongsorejo subdistrict, Banyuwangi regency. Bangsring Underwater is known for its underwater natural beauty that continues to be maintained and developed by community. The aims of the study are: 1) to find out what are the supporting factors and inhibitory factors in the development of community-based Bangsring Underwater tourism attraction. 2) find out of strategy of developing community-based tourism. Data collecting are observations, in-depth interviews, and documentation. By using SWOT as data analysis tools in the form of (Strength, Weakness, Opportunities And Threats). The results of this study found the presence of several supporting factors such as; a) supported by the local government, b) the village government of Bangsring, c) the tourism conscious group Samudra Bhakti (pokdarwis Bangsring Underwater) in the development of the attraction of Bangsring Underwater. And factors several inhibitory factors such as; a) lack of human resources and b) some surrounding communities that have not been able to accept the existence of tourism activities in the tourist attraction Bangsring Underwater. In addition, this study also found seven alternative strategies obtained from SWOT analysis resulted in seven such strategies; (SO) tourism attraction development strategy, and tourism attraction promotion strategy. (WO) strategy improves safety and comfort. (ST) strategy to improve the quality of the environment, and sustainable tourism development strategy. (WT) human resource development strategy, and strategy to increase cooperation with elements of government and private partnerships.

IMPROVING ENGLISH SPEAKING SKILLS IN DAILY CONVERSION FOR YOUTH IN THE TEMPE DISTRICT

The Wajo Regency administration is currently concerned about the development of tourism attractions; tourist attractions are being refurbished and renovated in order to attract tourists from within and beyond the Regency, as well as the local government expecting tourists. tourism enhancement program must be complemented by an increase in human resources, particularly in the field of English, because regional advancement continues to increase, as evidenced by improvements in the city of Sengkang in terms of better structuring specific tourist sites. Human resource development can take the form of English classes in addition to building a responsible workforce and developing regional potential (becoming a tourist guide), as well as encouraging adolescents to participate actively in government tourism programs.

I Ketut Mastika

This study focuses on developing bundling product strategies in the marketing of objects and tourism attractions. The purpose of this research is to examine the application of the bundling product concept as the development of the competitive strategy of tourist destinations. The research was conducted in Bondowoso district, East Java, Indonesia, which has various potential tourism assets. The method used is a descriptive method to analyze data and information relate to the opportunities and development of tourism in Bondowoso. The results indicated that the form of policy direction bundling strategy of Bondowoso tourism products have the opportunity to optimize the product bundling strategy with promotional packages to provide value of customer. The preference of the variety bundle is expected to be higher in the combined evaluation mode rather than in the separate evaluation mode. The Special Interest Tourism is the suitable type of tourism development. The attributes of the destination are expected to satisfy the needs of tourists also the aspects of performance quality which based on emotional motives. Marketing bundling products through promotion can be done by using e-marketing and viral marketing with several forms of social media.

‘Hayan na ang mga Hampas-dugo! (the Penitents are coming!)’: Penitensya as religious-dark tourism

This paper applies indigenous research methods to understand the motives of visitors attending Penitensya (a Lenten Filipino ritual involving violent ritualistic performances) which we introduce as a novel form of religious-dark tourism. The paper also examines the tourism product potential of Penitensya as a controversial, yet potentially valuable feature of Filipino public culture. The motives of visitors to the Penitensya ritual in the Philippines during the 2019 schedule of events are examined to understand the touristic appeal of this unique form of religious-dark pilgrimage which involves overt and abject rituals of mortification and self-harm. Analysis suggests that the motives for attending Penitensya resonate with the motives of visitors to dark tourism attractions, and these include the allure of a novel cultural experience, knowledge-seeking and rubbernecking. The findings suggest that Penitensya might have unrealised potential as a legitimate form of intangible Filipino cultural heritage, but in order to authenticate the event as part of the nation’s cultural tourism product mix it must be carefully curated and marketed, and embraced by local authorities and the wider community.

Development of Asahan River Tourism Activities in Support of National Tourism Strategic Area of Lake Toba

Following up on the Development of The National Tourism Strategic Area of Lake Toba, which was directed in the study "Integrated Tourism Masterplan for Lake Toba" (ITMP Danau Toba) in 2018, one of which was the development of river-based natural tourism attractions allocated in the Asahan Watershed including Asahan Regency, Tanjung Balai Municipality, Toba Samosir Regency, and Simalungun Regency. Regarding the policy of river-based tourism attractions, this research is focused on developing river tourism activities that will have implications for the development of the natural attraction of the Asahan River. This study has produced a mixed method of sustainable tourism development strategies by prioritizing the benefits of the ecological, socio-economic and cultural environment. Development is directed towards packaging special interest tourism products following the characteristics of available resources.

Destination Familiarity and Perceived Attractiveness of Four Polish Tourism Cities

Destination familiarity has been analyzed for many years as an important factor influencing the perceived attractiveness of a destination and its image. However, previous research has concentrated on this relation considering familiarity with a destination as a whole, while the issue of familiarity with particular elements of a destination has not been explored. The current research aimed to detect if and how familiarity with three selected elements of a destination, namely, tangible tourism attractions, events, and traditional cuisine and dishes, impacts the perceived attractiveness of a city destination. The research was conducted using the following four Polish cities as examples: Gdańsk, Katowice, Łódź, and Wrocław. The research questionnaire was distributed among the citizens of another Polish city—Krakow. Over 200 responses were received. The results show that familiarity with tangible attraction was correlated with high perceived attractiveness of a destination, while the other two factors did not impact the level of perceived attractiveness. The results were achieved on the basis of the indication of several scientific and practical conclusions.

Peran Aplikasi “Visiting Jogja” dalam Mengembalikan Kepercayaan Wisatawan untuk Berwisata ke Yogyakarta

Covid-19 made several countries adopt lock-down policies as an effort to break the chain of spreading the virus. However, this policy greatly affects sectors related to the daily mobility of people, especially the tourism sector which has been most significantly affected by Covid-19. One of the provinces in Indonesia that has experienced a major loss in the tourism sector due to Covid-19 is the Yogyakarta Special Region (DIY). Therefore, the DIY government gradually continues to encourage the tourism sector to resume operations, one of which is by releasing new applications for tourists, namely "Jogja Pass" and "Visiting Jogja" to monitor visitors to tourism destinations in DIY. In this study the author will focus on studying the application "Visiting Jogja". The purpose of this research is to examine the advantages and disadvantages of the "Visiting Jogja" application from the user's point of view, and to find out whether the "Visiting Jogja" application can help restore the confidence of tourists to travel to Yogyakarta. This study uses qualitative research methods, with data collection techniques through direct interviews with 10 respondents as a sample who is determined randomly. The results show that the application "Visiting Jogja" can provide assurance for tourists, which helps generate confidence in users to visit more tourism attractions in Yogyakarta. However, the government's efforts in socializing and promoting the “Visiting Jogja” application to the public are still lacking.

The Carrying Capacity of Infrastructure and Spatial Planning to the Recovery of Pandan Beach Natural Tourism Due to the Covid-19 Pandemic in North Sumatra (Central Tapanuli Regency Case Study)

The purpose of this research is: (1) know the carrying capacity of infrastructure for the recovery and development of natural attractions on the pandan beach of Central Tapanuli Regency, (2) analyze the suitability of spatial arrangements in the Regency towards the recovery and development of natural attractions on pandan beaches of Central Tapanuli Regency, (3) analyze the priority of handling infrastructure and spatial arrangement policies for the acceleration of recovery and development of natural attractions on pandan beaches. Central Tapanuli. The research method used is to use descriptive qualitative methods with case study models. Data collection techniques with interviews and documentation. The results of this study, that is (1) The carrying capacity of central Tapanuli Regency infrastructure to the recovery and development of natural attractions on pandan beach, already has infrastructure such as transportation, economy, health and social. (2) The suitability of spatial arrangements in the Regency to the recovery and development of natural attractions on pandan beach, namely when viewed from the distribution of facilities and infrastructure and the distribution of tourism attractions the most influential space functions due to the covid-19 pandemic are restaurants or restaurants and lodgings or hotels. (3) Priority of handling infrastructure and spatial arrangement policy for the acceleration of recovery and development of natural attractions on pandan beaches of Central Tapanuli Regency, namely the economy. Whether it's a small or medium-sized business or a large scale.