Improving Information Interaction between the Metallurgical Plant and Rail Operators

The current situation of development of the world economy presupposes intense competition in both external and internal markets. Under these conditions, it becomes more and more obvious that the growth of profits and, accordingly, further development of companies will be carried out not so much through expansion, but through improved service for customers, an increase in the range of goods and services offered, a better product quality and a decrease in production costs.The main role in optimisation of technological processes is currently played by digital transformation of production. The introduction of advanced information technologies is of great importance for all global companies, since the enhanced development of information systems results in improvement of business processes, better safety, and environmental friendliness.International studies show that the use of modern information technologies in transport industry is necessary to improve traffic safety, reduce environmental impact, increase the efficiency of the transportation process.The Russian mining and metallurgical sector, along with the oil and gas industry, makes a significant contribution to development of the country. Complex production technology, a large volume of traffic, hazardous and dangerous working conditions for personnel necessitate development of a digital environment to increase labour productivity and the volume of products.The objective of the research is to study the possibility of using information control and forecasting systems for solving technical, technological, and organisational problems of industrial railways of metallurgical plants.Based on comparative analysis, general scientific and mathematical research methods and the study of the role of information systems in digital transformation of production process, the authors suggest a methodology for creating a stochastic model for predicting the arrival of unit trains at an enterprise, and consider development trends in digital transformation of industrial transport.

Empirical Cost of Electricity Outage on Labour and Capital Productivity in Nigeria

This study empirically examined the impact of electricity power outages on Nigeria’s capital and labour productivity. The emphasis is on how frequent electricity outage reduces labour and capital effectiveness and other factors of production. To achieve the above objective, annual time series data on Total Factor Productivity - a proxy for Nigeria’s factors productivity, Power Outage (electric power transmission and distribution losses as % of output), and other controlled variables were used to estimate the relationship and all data were from World Bank Development Indicators (WDI). The Fully Modified Ordinary Least Square (FOLS) technique was adopted for analysis. The empirical results showed a negative relationship between power outages and factor productivity. The result also reveals that electricity pricing has a significant negative impact on the factor productivity while both electricity generation and population have a significant positive impact on Nigeria’s total factor productivity. The implication is that the substitution effect between labour and capital is positive, meaning that Nigeria exhibits a labour-intensive production function. In conclusion, the study is of the opinion that power outage and electricity pricing negatively impact factors productivity while electricity generation and population have a positive relationship with factors productivity in Nigeria.

Has the European Union entered a bioeconomy transition? Combining an output-based approach with a shift-share analysis

The bioeconomy is a collective of activities charged with the production of biologically renewable resources or ‘biomass’ (e.g. agriculture, forestry), its diverse application (e.g. food, textiles, construction, chemicals) and subsequent reuse (e.g. compositing, waste management). Since the European Union (EU) launched its bioeconomy strategy in 2012, further bioeconomy policy initiatives have proliferated at regional, national and pan-European levels. Moreover, the EU Green Deal announced in 2019 targets a transition towards a low-carbon sustainable model of growth, food and energy security, biodiversity and natural resource management, where it is envisaged that the bioeconomy will play a key role. Despite a paucity of available data, the surge in policy interest has triggered the need for evidence-based monitoring of bioeconomy sectors and the efficient tailoring of policy support. Thus, on a Member State (MS) basis for the period 2008–2017, we (1) adopt an ‘output-based’ approach to construct a panel data of performance indicators and (2) characterise the sources of growth and transitional stage of the bioeconomy. Results reveal that the bioeconomy has maintained its relative importance within the total EU27 economy. At the EU level, agriculture and the food industry have played a key role in driving a transition in the primary and industrial bioeconomy sectors due to their significant labour productivity-enhancing impact. Four Northern MS exhibit a bioeconomy transition by modernising their bioeconomy activities and operating structural changes. Other Northern and Western EU MS are still in the early stages of a transition, whilst in Eastern and Central Europe, such a transition remains elusive.

Industrial Case Study on Lean Manufacturing Implemented on Manufacturing Polypropylene Ropes Industry Amravati

Lean manufacturing has been one of the most standard method in the manufacturing and service industry for elimination of waste. Every manufacturing industry has to put in continuous effort for its survival in the current impulsive and competitive economy. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the adoption of lean manufacturing tools and techniques in the manufacturing industries. This paper is based on actual implementation of lean manufacturing techniques. It focuses on the execution of flow from the start until the end of the implementation, types of analysis and tools applied, evaluation methods and how the industry benefited from the implementation. In this case study we particularly focused on Shop floor management, Quality Management (QM), Supplier and Customer Management (SCM) and Workforce Management (WM). After going through various testing on implementation of Lean Manufacturing principles in Micro Small medium Enterprise (MSME), researcher studied thoughts of some author where they discussed pragmatic problems they overcome while implementing lean principles in developing economies MSME. At the end, the result shows that there is monthly increment in capital productivity and labour productivity. And decrement in inhouse rejection, breakdown hours and customer complaint from the implementation of lean.

Does Innovation, Investment and Trade influence Labour Productivity? Empirical Evidence from Selected Countries

Labour productivity is linked to improved living standards of a country, where higher productivity is usually seen as a competitive advantage for the country. The current study aims to identify the influence of investment, trade, and innovation on labour productivity using multi-regression. The sample involved four countries: the United States, Russia, Japan, and China. The results reveal varying degrees of relationships between labour productivity and other variables. In general, investment showed a strong correlation, trade showed a weaker relationship, and innovation showed insignificant relationship. When needed, the policymakers may consider raising labour productivity by improving investment or trade.

Exploring the Factors Affecting Sustainable Human Resource Productivity in Railway Lines

This study aimed to identify the critical factors and items affecting the productivity of sustainable human resources in a Railway Operation Company based on the perceptions of employees and managers in the Human Resources Department. The study was motivated by research which was applied in terms of the objectives of the study and a descriptive survey was employed as the method. The statistical population of the current study consisted of all employees and managers of the Human Resources Department of the company. Random sampling was employed to collect data and the sample size was 191 people according to Morgan’s Table. Methods including the correlation coefficient, multivariate regression, and factor analysis were employed for data analysis. The findings highlight the main factors and items affecting labor productivity in the Urban and Suburban Railway Operation Company as perceived by the Human Resources Department, which were mainly related to human resources management and could be attributed to motivation and requirements for their effective contribution to the improvement of public welfare. Organizational Attitude and Culture, Leadership Style, and Bonus and Ergonomics were extracted as factors affecting productivity or as independent variables. This study is the first study that has aimed to discuss the perceptions of the Human Resources Department active in a company. As such, the study highlights the standpoint of the main decision makers in the Urban and Suburban Railway Operation Company with regard to labour productivity in the urban and suburban sector.

DEFINING THE ONTOLOGICAL STATUS OF LABOUR PRODUCTIVITY IN HEALTH CARE

he present research touches upon the problem of comprehension of the concept «labor productivity» as applied to the field of healthcare in comparison with other categories and the corresponding indicators, used in the assessment of the medical organization personnel activity. As methodological basis the ideas in the field of labor economics, conceptual apparatus and theoretical bases of which have proved their efficiency in the solution of the tasks of development of the organizations of different branch affiliation act. The statement that labor productivity in public health services is connected with the transfer of knowledge and technologies from industrial sphere to medicine, requiring the interpretation of concepts and conceptual apparatus in relation to the considered branch is taken as the basis. In modern conditions of high intensity of work of medical organizations at simultaneous necessity of observance of obligatory requirements to quality and safety of medical aid, rational use of resources, the demand for formation of scientifically grounded approaches to labor productivity estimation in healthcare is realized by authors by means of development of an integrated index of labor productivity estimation. The present research can be considered in the development of the theory of labor productivity as applied to the branch of health care taking into account its orientation on rendering qualitative and safe medical aid. The offered by the author approach to the estimation of the given indicator allows to reflect not only quantitative (output, labor input) or cost estimation of labor productivity, but also takes into account complexity, intensity of work of the employees, and also an estimation of a degree of achievement of productivity (quality) of their activity. Its novelty is seen in the mutual conditionality of medical, social and economic evaluation of the effectiveness of the use of labor resources of the employees of medical organizations.

Labour Productivity as Indicator of Regional Economy Efficiency

The interrelation of labour productivity and economic situation in regions of the Russian Federation is really acute in current conditions, when such destructive factors as sanctions, inflation, instability on global markets due to coronavirus epidemic take place. Therefore, the key goal of the research is to estimate labour productivity in regions as a factor of economy efficiency. Among methods of research it is possible to mention comparative analysis of the indicator, typology of regions by a number of parameters in order to identify regional differentiation. It is assumed that the highest labour productivity is typical of raw-materials regions, which specialize on extraction and export of mineral resources. However, we should take into account that natural and climatic factors in this group of regions increase labour costs and therefore, cut labour productivity. The authors show that in regions with conventional specialization on manufacturing industry (when the raw-materials sector retains a certain importance) the said indicator demonstrates a high value, even in spite of some unfavorable trends on labour market. The authors used the following materials and research findings for preparing the article: results of deep interviews of employment service workers in the Ryazan region conducted in 2021 within the frames of the research ‘Digitalization of Labour Market and Employment in Russia: Trends and Mechanisms of Development’; materials of expert discussions and surveys of employment service heads in regions of the Central Federal District within the frames of the research ‘Organizational and Finance Mechanisms to Support Population Employment in 2021-2023, which Aims at Unemployment Reduction’