Investigating the impacts of climate and land use changes on basin’s
hydrological cycle and environment is important to provide scientific
evidence to manage the trade-off and synergies among water resource,
agricultural production and environment protection. In this study, we
quantified the contributions of climate and land-use changes to runoff,
sediment, nitrogen and phosphorus losses in the Haihe River basin since
the 1980s. The results showed that (1) climate and land-use changes
significantly increased evapotranspiration (ET), transport loss (TL),
sediment input (SI) and output (SO), and organic nitrogen (ON) and
phosphorus production (OP), with ET, SI, and ON affected most. (2) The
runoff, sediment and ammonia nitrogen were affected most by climate and
land use changes in the Daqing River Basin (217.3 mm), Nanyun River
Basin (3917.3 ton) and Chaobai River Basin (87.6 kg/ha), respectively.
(3) The impacts of climate and land-use changes had explicit
spatial-temporal patterns. In the Daqing River, Yongding River and
Nanyun River, the contribution of climate change to runoff and sediment
kept increasing and reached 88.6%~98.2% and
63%~77.2%, respectively. In the Ziya River and Chaobai
River Basin, the contribution of land use was larger, reaching
88.6%~92.8% and 59.8%~92.7%,
respectively. In the Yongding River Basin, Chaobai River Basin, Ziya
River Basin and Daqing River Basin, the contribution of land use to
nitrogen and phosphorus loss showed an increasing trend in the past 40
years (maximum: 89.7%). By contrast, in Nanyun River and Luanhe River,
the contribution of climate change to nitrogen and phosphorus loss
increased more obviously (maximum: 92.1%). We quantitatively evaluated
the spatial and temporal impacts of climate and land-use changes on
runoff, sediment, and nitrogen and phosphorus loss, which are useful to
support the optimizations of land and water resources in the River
Basin.