Under The Sun’s Flag, on The Edge of Tangerang City: History of the Establishment of the College and Branch Leaders Muhammadiyah Pasar Kemis, Tangerang Regency

Muhammadiyah has been known as an organization engaged in education and social affairs. In its work, since it was founded by KH Ahmad Dahlan in 1912, Muhammadiyah has been active in both fields while spreading its wings throughout the archipelago. One of these 'wings' was developed in Pasar Kemis, a sub-district located in Tangerang Regency, Banten Province. In this sub-district, Muhammadiyah is actively expanding its work in the field of education and social activities. This paper aims to examine the role of Muhammadiyah in the Pasar Kemis District and the dynamics of its history and movement in this sub-district. Moreover, it seeks to describe the influence of the emergence of the Muhammadiyah organization in Pasar Kemis Sub-district, Tangerang Regency, Banten Province. Archives, documents, notes, photos, and various decrees from internal organizations, individuals to the Tangerang Regency Government were dissected and reviewed. The result obtained is Muhammadiyah organization has advantages that seem very difficult to imitate by other organizations, including NU. More precisely, it is about tangible evidence to the public. This is manifested in various Muhammadiyah charities such as schools, hospitals, zakat institutions (LAZIS-MU), universities to universities, and others. The business charity was established and run not for business for its members but for the community. The typical Muhammadiyah business charity is different from corporations or private foundations, which are usually owned by individuals or a handful of groups (oligarchy).

CIVIL LAW STATUS OF BENEFICIARIES OF A PRIVATE BENEFIT FOUNDATION

This paper examines the civil law status of the beneficiaries of a foundation (Stiftung) subject to private benefit purposes. It concerns the reasons and impact of conservative and instrumental approaches to the permissible purposes of the foundation, the classification criterion of private benefit foundations (privatnützige Stiftungen) and public benefit foundations (gemeinnützige Stiftungen), the limits to which the Germanic countries tolerate with establishment of the private benefit foundations and then defines the civil law status of the beneficiaries from the perspective of their claims to the foundation and participation in the foundation management, control and protection. As a result of the research the ways to mitigate the risks, that private foundations can create for the participants in civil law relations, are proposed in the light of the legal nature of the foundation.

Siedziby pańskie na Śląsku w świetle źródeł pisanych. Studium nad średniowieczną nomenklaturą

The subject of this study is the nomenclature used in medieval written sources for small feudal residences. The majority of them are private foundations of vassals to the duke, i.e., knights and citizens of Wroclaw. A few examples are seats of village administrators, as well as rural mansions of knightly orders. Also examined are smaller objects (most having special functions) built by territorial rulers – namely, Silesian dukes and bishops of Wrocław. These objects were clearly different in their scale from the stately brick castles that played the role of princely residences or were otherwise part of the country’s administrative structure. In light of the materials collected, small feudal residences were mentioned in medieval Silesian written sources as: curia/Hof, curia habitationis, curia murata/gemauerte Hof, castrum/Burg/Haus, fortalicium/Feste, propugnaculum/Bergfried, turris/Turm, Gesesse, Sitz, Rittersitz.

Fungsi Lembaga Pemasyarakatan dalam Melaksanakan Pembinaan terhadap Warga Binaan Pemasyarakatan (WBP) (di Lembaga Pemasyarakatan Perempuan Kelas II A Denpasar)

Correctional in its system is useful for preparing convicted people in prisons to integrate normally and be accepted in society again. Merging normally again means restoring the relationship between the convicted or often referred to as Correctional Assistance and the community. The Penitentiary is a place for the Community Assisted to serve their sentence. This study aims to determine the function of prisons in carrying out coaching for Correctional Assistance and to analyze the form and benefits of the guidance program for Correctional Assistance held at Class II-A Denpasar Women's Penitentiary. This research uses normative legal research methods. The data obtained through direct observation in the field. The results showed that in the Guidance Program of the Correctional Institution, especially the location of this research, was held, namely the Class IIA Denpasar Women's Penitentiary, which has collaborated with government agencies, private foundations, and community organizations engaged in the field of women in providing guidance as well as promoting the work of prisoners or residents. Correctional Assistance. In addition, the Class IIA Denpasar Women's Penitentiary held and participated in several exhibitions of the work of the Community Assisted Citizens. This activity aims to introduce the work of the Community Assisted Citizens to the community and make it clear that the Correctional Institution guides or fosters Prisoners to be able to work and be able to contribute to society when they finish serving their sentence.

The New Entrepreneurs and Organizational Advocacy

Chapter 5 turns toward one associative aspect of corporate elite political engagement. Specifically, it examines how SV150+ CEOs and founders use private foundations to further their philanthropic interests. What proportion of SV150+ corporate elites acts philanthropically through private foundations? What issues do their foundations support? Are there any discernible patterns to SV150+ elite foundation giving? And how often does SV150+ philanthropic giving wander into political territory? Do private foundations associated with our CEOs and founders support political organizations to any substantial extent? And if they do, what types of organizations working on what types of issues do they support? The data presented in Chapter 5 connect nicely with ongoing work on the role of wealthy elites in addressing societal problems and steering social and political change.

The Public-Private Foundations of the Neoliberal State

This chapter maps out the rapidly growing field of public–private brokerage by assessing the scope and breadth of French revolving doors. The media discussion stirred up by the so-called pantouflages — a slang word for the practice of civil servants and politicians joining the private sector — focused almost entirely on politicians and the rising risks of conflict of interests. It therefore failed to adequately reflect the breadth and diversity of the movement that started in the 1990s between the politico-administrative elite and major business law firms in Paris. By drawing a collective sociological portrait of these pantoufleurs, the chapter reveals a structural view of the new pattern of relationships that have been consolidated at the interface between the state and markets: the type of public positions and resources that are prized by the business bar, and also the type of companies and law firms that hire from the public sector, and the sectoral pathways followed by recruits. As we are able to map out the total social space in which these crossovers move, on either side of the public–private border, it is possible to sketch the field of intermediation and influence that has developed over the course of two decades of the French state's neoliberalization.