Cytomechanics: Signaling to Mechanical Load in Connective Tissue Cells and Its Role in Tissue Engineering

2006 ◽  
pp. 318-334 ◽  
Author(s):  
Albert J. Banes ◽  
Michelle Wall ◽  
Joanne Garvin ◽  
Joanne Archambault
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Mechanical Load ◽  
Tissue Cells

Dual Contribution of Mesenchymal Stem Cells Employed for Tissue Engineering of Peripheral Nerves: Trophic Activity and Differentiation into Connective-Tissue Cells

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 200-212 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Evaristo-Mendonça ◽  
A. Carrier-Ruiz ◽  
R. de Siqueira-Santos ◽  
R. M. P. Campos ◽  
B. Rangel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Peripheral Nerves ◽  
Trophic Activity ◽  
Tissue Cells

A New System for Cyclical Tensile Loading of Cultured Connective Tissue Cells in a Three-Dimensional Gel Matrix

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chantal Dussault ◽  
Dominic I. Young ◽  
Neil A. Duncan
Keyword(s):  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Mechanical Load ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Cell Phenotype ◽  
Tissue Cell ◽  
Connective Tissues ◽  
Isolated Cells ◽  
3D Matrix ◽  
Tissue Cells ◽  
Sense And Respond

Cells can sense and respond to the mechanical load present in connective tissue. Cell shape has been correlated to the local mechanical environment in a variety of connective tissue cells [1,2], and cell deformation has been suggested as a mechanism to transduce tissue mechanical signals to the nucleus via the cytoskeleton [3,4]. Though many connective tissues are subjected to tensile loads, to date very limited investigations have been reported on the effect of tensile loads on the mechano-biology of isolated cells. To apply tensile loads to isolated connective tissue cells requires a three-dimensional (3D) matrix to maintain cell phenotype, and a highly elastic matrix to enable the large deformations that the cells experience in situ.

Increased matrix gene expression by glucose in rat neural connective tissue cells in culture

Diabetes ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 40 (5) ◽  
pp. 605-611 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Muona ◽  
J. Peltonen ◽  
S. Jaakkola ◽  
J. Uitto
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Cells In Culture ◽  
Matrix Gene ◽  
Tissue Cells

scholarly journals AUTORADIOGRAPHIC LOCALIZATION OF NEW RNA SYNTHESIS IN HYPERTROPHYING SKELETAL MUSCLE

1973 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 743-759 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles K. Jablecki ◽  
John E. Heuser ◽  
Seymour Kaufman
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Rna Synthesis ◽  
Proliferating Cells ◽  
Quantitative Studies ◽  
Physiological Adaptations ◽  
Rat Soleus Muscle ◽  
Tissue Cells ◽  
A Site ◽  
Silver Grains

Work-induced growth of rat soleus muscle is accompanied by an early increase in new RNA synthesis. To determine the cell type(s) responsible for the increased RNA synthesis, we compared light autoradiographs of control and hypertrophying muscles from rats injected with tritiated uridine 12, 24, and 48 h after inducing hypertrophy. There was an increased number of silver grains over autoradiographs of hypertrophied muscle. This increase occurred over connective tissue cells; there was no increase in the number of silver grains over the muscle fibers. Quantitative studies demonstrated that between 70 and 80% of the radioactivity in the muscle that survived fixation and washing was in RNA. Pretreatment of the animals with actinomycin D reduced in parallel both the radioactivity in RNA and the number of silver grains over autoradiographs. Proliferation of the connective tissue in hypertrophying muscle was evident in light micrographs, and electron micrographs identified the proliferating cells as enlarged fibroblasts and macrophages; the connective tissue cells remained after hypertrophy was completed. Thus, proliferating connective tissue cells are the major site of the increase in new RNA synthesis during acute work-induced growth of skeletal muscle. It is suggested that in the analysis of physiological adaptations of muscle, the connective tissue cells deserve consideration as a site of significant molecular activity.

scholarly journals THE COMPARATIVE RESISTANCE OF BACTERIA AND HUMAN TISSUE CELLS TO CERTAIN COMMON ANTISEPTICS

1916 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 683-688 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert A. Lambert
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Human Tissue ◽  
Tissue Cultures ◽  
Mercuric Iodide ◽  
Living Body ◽  
Tissue Cells ◽  
The One ◽  
The Ideal

The comparative resistance of bacteria and human tissue cells to antiseptics and other chemicals may be easily tested by tissue cultures under conditions which approximate those found in the living body. A comparative study shows that while human cells (connective tissue and wandering cells) are highly resistant to many antiseptics, they are in general more easily killed than bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus). Of the antiseptics tested, which include mercuric chloride, iodine, potassium mercuric iodide, phenol, tricresol, hydrogen peroxide, hypochlorites (Dakin's solution), argyrol, and alcohol, the one which approaches most closely the ideal disinfectant is iodine, which kills bacteria in strengths that do not seriously injure connective tissue cells or wandering cells.

THE APODEME COMPLEX OF THE FEMORAL CHORDOTONAL ORGAN IN THE METATHORACIC LEG OF THE LOCUST SCHISTOCERCA GREGARIA

1992 ◽  
Vol 163 (1) ◽  
pp. 345-358 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. M.J. SHELTON ◽  
R. O. STEPHEN ◽  
J. J.A. SCOTT ◽  
A. R. TINDALL
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Direct Observation ◽  
Schistocerca Gregaria ◽  
Chordotonal Organ ◽  
Acid Fuchsin ◽  
Joint Angles ◽  
Direct Continuation ◽  
Loop Shape ◽  
Tissue Cells

The mechanical connections of the metathoracic femoral chordotonal organ (mtFCO) with its insertion at the femoro-tibial joint are described. The apodeme complex is shown to consist of a distal cuticular rod that is replaced proximally by dorsal and ventral ligaments. The dorsal ligament is a direct continuation of the distal rod but proximally it is replaced by ligamentous cells. The ventral ligament has no cuticular core and consists of ligamentous cells throughout its length. The ligaments are composed of bundles of connective tissue cells that are each enclosed in an extracellular matrix containing acid-fuchsin-staining fibrils. Internally the cells are packed with microtubules. During extension and flexion of the joint, the two ligaments move differentially. During passive extension of the tibia, the ventral ligament remains taut but the dorsal one buckles to form a slack loop. Direct observation of living preparations shows that the loop is first detectable during extension of the tibia at joint angles greater than about 51°. During flexion, the loop gradually tightens and disappears. It has completely disappeared at joint angles of less than about 36°. Changes in loop shape were demonstrable using preparations in which the tibia was moved sinusoidally ±10° about a mean femoro-tibial angle of 90° and photographs were taken using phase-locked illumination. Other details of the apodeme complex are described and the significance of the findings is discussed in relation to mtFCO function.

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