From Three Worlds to Globalization: Economic Restructuring, Democratization and Cultural Change in a Global Context

Author(s):  
Graham Crow
2007 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Naomi Fraser

Abstract: In the late 1990s, the Government of Canada launched a string of initiatives to usher its citizens into the “information age.” Recently, the federal government has announced “mission accomplished” in its pledge to become a “model user” of information technology, recognized around the world as the country most connected to its citizens. This paper interrogates the term “model user” as a marker of the changes occurring to techniques of government in our expanding information society. It proposes that the “model user” represents ways to negotiate the changing relationship between nation, state, and citizen associated with economic restructuring and signals a new civilizing discourse for citizen conduct amid the dynamic flows of information and ideas. Further, the “model user” suggests an emphasis on innovation that is implicated within larger discourses of economic globalization and the premium placed on adaptability and creativity. Finally, this paper makes vivid the connections between the “model user” and emerging discourses of Canada as a “model democracy” and Canadians as “model citizens” within the global context. Résumé : À la fin des années 90, le gouvernement du Canada a créé une série d’initiatives afin de lancer ses citoyens dans « l’ ère de l’information ». Tout récemment, le gouvernement fédéral a proclamé « mission accomplie” en ce qui concerne son objectif de devenir un « utilisateur modèle » des technologies de l’information, reconnu à travers le monde comme étant le pays le plus connecté à ses citoyens. Cet article interroge le terme d’ « utilisateur modèle » en tant que marqueur des changements qui affectent les techniques de gouvernance dans notre société de l’information toujours grandissante. Il propose que « l’utilisateur modèle », d’une part, illustre les façons de négocier la relation changeante entre nation, État et citoyen qui est associée aux restructurations économiques et, d’autre part, signale un nouveau discours civilisateur pour la conduite du citoyen plongé dans les courants dynamiques d’informations et d’idées. De plus, l’ « utilisateur modèle » met l’accent sur l’innovation et s’insère dans un discours plus large sur la globalisation économique et sur la valeur accordée à l’adaptabilité et la créativité. Finalement, cet article met en lumière les liens qui existent entre l’ « utilisateur modèle » et les discours émergents qui présentent le Canada comme une “démocratie modèle » et les Canadiens comme « citoyens modèles » au sein d’un contexte global.


Author(s):  
Ana Maria Ramalho Correia ◽  
Anabela Mesquita

The dominant discourse in education and training policies, at the turn of the millennium, was on lifelong learning (LLL) in the context of a knowledge-based society. As Green points (2002, pp. 611-612) several factors contribute to this global trend: The demographic change: In most advanced countries, the average age of the population is increasing, as people live longer; The effects of globalisation: Including both economic restructuring and cultural change which have impacts on the world of education; Global economic restructuring: Which causes, for example, a more intense demand for a higher order of skills; the intensified economic competition, forcing a wave of restructuring and creating enormous pressure to train and retrain the workforce In parallel, the “significance of the international division of labour cannot be underestimated for higher education”, as pointed out by Jarvis (1999, p. 250). This author goes on to argue that globalisation has exacerbated differentiation in the labour market, with the First World converting faster to a knowledge economy and a service society, while a great deal of the actual manufacturing is done elsewhere.


2012 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 222-231 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nina Hansen ◽  
Tom Postmes ◽  
Nikita van der Vinne ◽  
Wendy van Thiel

This paper studies whether and how information and communication technology (ICT) changes self-construal and cultural values in a developing country. Ethiopian children were given laptops in the context of an ICT for development scheme. We compared children who used laptops (n = 69) with a control group without laptops (n = 76) and a second control group of children whose laptop had broken down (n = 24). Results confirmed that after 1 year of laptop usage, the children’s self-concept had become more independent and children endorsed individualist values more strongly. Interestingly, the impact of laptop usage on cultural values was mediated by self-construal (moderated mediation). Importantly, modernization did not “crowd out” traditional culture: ICT usage was not associated with a reduction in traditional expressions (interdependent self-construal, collectivist values). Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.


Author(s):  
Glen E. Bodner ◽  
Rehman Mulji

Left/right “fixed” responses to arrow targets are influenced by whether a masked arrow prime is congruent or incongruent with the required target response. Left/right “free-choice” responses on trials with ambiguous targets that are mixed among fixed trials are also influenced by masked arrow primes. We show that the magnitude of masked priming of both fixed and free-choice responses is greater when the proportion of fixed trials with congruent primes is .8 rather than .2. Unconscious manipulation of context can thus influence both fixed and free choices. Sequential trial analyses revealed that these effects of the overall prime context on fixed and free-choice priming can be modulated by the local context (i.e., the nature of the previous trial). Our results support accounts of masked priming that posit a memory-recruitment, activation, or decision process that is sensitive to aspects of both the local and global context.


1968 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arthur H. Niehoff ◽  
J. Charnel Anderson

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