Sucked into the Global Vegetable Oil Complex: Structural Changes in Vegetable Oil Supply Chains in China and India, Compared with the Precedents in Japan

2015 ◽  
pp. 179-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Midori Hiraga
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chains ◽  
Vegetable Oil ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Oil Supply ◽  
China And India ◽  
Complex Structural

Polish-Jewish Relations and the January Uprising: The Polish Perspective

2004 ◽  
pp. 68-80
Author(s):  
Magdalena Opalska
Keyword(s):  
Structural Changes ◽  
Literary Tradition ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Economic Aspect ◽  
Jewish Question ◽  
Polish Literature ◽  
The Past ◽  
Polish Society ◽  
Complex Structural ◽  
Positive Evaluation

This chapter focuses on Polish–Jewish relations and the January uprising. The memory of the pro-Polish orientation of the Jews in the January uprising remained alive throughout the 19th and in the early 20th centuries. The legend of patriotic ‘Poles of Mosaic faith’, which crystallized in the 1860s as a part of a broader romantic myth, gained a lasting place in literary tradition. The positive evaluation of the Jewish role generally remained artistically and ideologically rooted in the traditional romantic worldview. From that point of view, many later works can be seen as fossils of Polish romanticism. As the character of Polish–Jewish relations deteriorated, the Jewish legend of 1863 was continually revised in retrospect and it evolved in an increasingly negative fashion. Projecting new problems upon the past, Polish literature of the realist and modernist periods emphasized the economic aspect of Polish–Jewish relations and portrayed Jewish political loyalties with growing ambivalence. Echoing complex structural changes in post-insurrectionary Polish society as a whole, changes which brought about the revision of the larger myth of 1863, the evolution of its Jewish aspect followed closely the course of the debate on the so-called ‘Jewish question’.

scholarly journals The influence of the global electric power system on terrestrial biodiversity

2019 ◽  
Vol 116 (51) ◽  
pp. 26078-26084 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert A. Holland ◽  
Kate Scott ◽  
Paolo Agnolucci ◽  
Chrysanthi Rapti ◽  
Felix Eigenbrod ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Power System ◽  
Supply Chains ◽  
Electric Power ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Electric Power System ◽  
Power Sector ◽  
Total Contribution ◽  
Electric Power Sector ◽  
The Impact

Given its total contribution to greenhouse gas emissions, the global electric power sector will be required to undergo a fundamental transformation over the next decades to limit anthropogenic climate change to below 2 °C. Implications for biodiversity of projected structural changes in the global electric power sector are rarely considered beyond those explicitly linked to climate change. This study uses a spatially explicit consumption-based accounting framework to examine the impact of demand for electric power on terrestrial vertebrate biodiversity globally. We demonstrate that the biodiversity footprint of the electric power sector is primarily within the territory where final demand for electric power resides, although there are substantial regional differences, with Europe displacing its biodiversity threat along international supply chains. The relationship between size of individual components of the electric power sector and threat to biodiversity indicates that a shift to nonfossil sources, such as solar and wind, could reduce pressures on biodiversity both within the territory where demand for power resides and along international supply chains. However, given the current levels of deployment of nonfossil sources of power, there is considerable uncertainty as to how the impacts of structural changes in the global electric power system will scale. Given the strong territorial link between demand and associated biodiversity impacts, development of strong national governance around the electric power sector represents a clear route to mitigate threats to biodiversity associated with efforts to decarbonize society over the coming century.

Support verb constructions: linguistic properties, representation, translation

1992 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurence Danlos
Keyword(s):  
Machine Translation ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Alternative Possibilities ◽  
Tense And Aspect ◽  
Verb Constructions ◽  
Transfer Rules ◽  
French And English ◽  
Lexical Items ◽  
Complex Structural

AbstractThis article deals with constructions such as Jean a fait une promenade or Jean a soif which contain verbs called here ‘support verbs’. These structures are known to pose immense difficulties for the translator (whether human or automatic) and part oif the purpose of this paper is to suggest representations which render their translation easier on the basis of work carried out by the author within the EC Eurotra Machine Translation project. First of all, it is argued on linguistic grounds that support verb constructions behave differently from constructions containing ‘ordinary’ verbs such as lire or ouvrir. In particular, it is claimed that the syntactic and semantic head of Jean a fait une promenade is the noun promenade and not the verb faire which is a mere carrier of tense and aspect. We then raise the question of the representation of support verb constructions for the purposes of machine translation and examine several alternative possibilities. The representations adopted below are shown to lead to simple transfer rules limited to the substitution of lexical items which do not entail complex structural changes between source and target sentences. The linguistic ideas presented here have been implemented in nine languages within the Eurotra project but most of the discussion is based on contrastive evidence between French and English.

scholarly journals Optimization of the structure of insulating composite materials

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-62
Author(s):  
Zeljko Kos ◽  
Valerii Vyrovoi ◽  
Volodymyr Sukhanov ◽  
Mykhailo Zavoloka ◽  
Aleksandr Gokhman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Structural Changes ◽  
Design System ◽  
Building Structure ◽  
Structural Elements ◽  
Structural System ◽  
Self Organized ◽  
Self Development ◽  
Complex Structural ◽  
Self Organizing

The article deals with the interdependent relationship between the properties of a structure and the properties of a material, which sets the task of reducing them, even they are indistinguishable, to a certain integrity. The object of research and analysis in the article is a building structure, which is seen as an open self-organized complex structural system. In the main part, the processes of the formation of structures are considered, as well as the classification of structural elements. The article concludes with structural changes related to the self-support and self-development of the network of active elements, which allow the manifestation of adaptation effects and the design-system to function during the normalized period. The importance of self-organization processes during the development and operation of construction systems allow us to attribute it to a self-organizing system. Thus, the building structure can be represented as an open and complex self-organizing system.

What do China’s rising meat demand and industrialization of the livestock sector mean for its vegetable oil market?

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 303-316 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bo Xiong ◽  
Fujin Yi ◽  
Yaling Li
Keyword(s):  
Vegetable Oil ◽  
Vegetable Oils ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Food System ◽  
Farm Income ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Equilibrium Displacement Model ◽  
Meat Demand ◽  
Oil Market ◽  
Livestock Sector

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the implications of the China’s rising meat demand and industrialization of the livestock sector for the vegetable oil market. Design/methodology/approach An equilibrium displacement model is constructed to analyze the interactions between meat consumption and vegetable oil market through the development of livestock sector modernization. Parameters derived from the 2006 to 2009 data are first used to produce the counterfactual growth rate of the non-soybean vegetable oil to validate the model. Then the authors use the second set of parameters derived from the 2010 to 2013 data to forecast the changes in the vegetable oil market in China. Findings Soybean oil, as a co-product of soybean processing, tends to crowd out other vegetable oils. In particular, the authors find that the market for non-soybean vegetable oils may shrink as long as the rapid industrialization pace above 10 percent within China’s livestock sector continues. Although their production takes up only 8.5 percent of all agricultural lands in China, oil crops remain as important cash crops for farmers contributing over 10 percent to the overall farm income in some provinces. The authors’ analysis suggests that stakeholders in these regions should closely monitor the structural changes within the livestock sector and consider the information for crop selection. Originality/value The authors’ analysis contributes to the literature on China’s meat demand by highlighting its implications for other agricultural markets involved in the food system.

Complex strain induced structural changes observed in fibrin assembled in human plasma

Nanoscale ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (21) ◽  
pp. 10063-10072 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Portale ◽  
J. Torbet
Keyword(s):  
Human Plasma ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Complex Strain ◽  
Complex Structural

Fibrin assembled in human plasma exhibits complex structural changes when subjected to elongation; three different strain-sensitive structures are identified.

Modeling reconfigurability in supply chains using total interpretive structural modeling

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 194-221 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pallab Biswas
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Supply Chains ◽  
New Product Development ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Structural Modeling ◽  
Global Market ◽  
Interpretive Structural Modeling ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Micmac Analysis ◽  
Expert Opinions

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to identify, analyze, and categorize the major enablers of reconfigurability that can facilitate structural changes within a supply chain in a global scenario. The paper also addresses five reconfigurability dimensions in the perspective of supply chains and the major enablers to attain them. The paper further aims to understand the mutual interactions among these enablers through the identification of hierarchical relationships among them. Design/methodology/approach A framework that holistically considers all the major enablers of reconfigurability has been developed. The hierarchical interrelationships between major enablers have been presented and interpreted using a novel qualitative modeling technique, i.e., total interpretive structural modeling (TISM), which is an extension of ISM. SPSS 22.0 is employed to carry out a one-tailed one-sample t-test further to test the hypotheses for validating the results of TISM. Impact matrix cross-reference multiplication applied to a classification (MICMAC) analysis has been employed to identify the driving and dependence powers of these reconfigurability enablers. Findings In this paper, 15 enablers for reconfigurability paradigm have been identified through literature review and expert opinions. The authors established interrelationships and interdependencies among these enablers and categorized them as enablers of each dimension. New product development and customer satisfaction come at the highest level of priority. The levels of these enablers were obtained using TISM. The authors compared the results with the clusters derived from MICMAC analysis, and the results are found to be well within the acceptable range. Research limitations/implications The study has implications for both practitioners and academia. The work provides a comprehensive list of enablers that are relevant to reconfigure supply chains in today’s volatile global market. This research will also help decision makers to strategically focus on the top-level enablers and their concerned dimensions. The research is based on an automobile company case study and can be extended to products with volatile and changing demands. Originality/value The proposed model for reconfigurability enablers using TISM is a new effort altogether in the area of supply chain management. The novelty of this research lies in its identification of specific enablers to reconfigure a supply chain through different dimensions.

scholarly journals Seaports as Nodal Points of Circular Supply Chains: Opportunities and Challenges for Secondary Ports

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 3926 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Mańkowska ◽  
Izabela Kotowska ◽  
Michał Pluciński
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Supply Chains ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Resistance To Change ◽  
Single Case ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Return Flow ◽  
Cultural Issues ◽  
Managerial Implication ◽  
Comprehensive Service

This paper focuses on the development of secondary ports in the circular economy model (as a node of circular supply chains) to implement sustainable seaports in the context of the structural changes taking place in the global economy, trade, and maritime transport. The purpose of this article is to identify the opportunities, challenges, and key actions to be taken by secondary ports in circular supply chains. The research method applied was a single case study. The object of the study was the seaport of Szczecin (Poland). Our study showed that the secondary ports lacking technical conditions to serve large vessels, but with available space to develop their transshipment, storage, industrial, distribution, and logistics activities, may become major participants in circular supply chains. Taking advantage of the opportunities associated with participating secondary ports in the circular supply chain requires facing a number of challenges identified in the current literature, such as return-flow uncertainty, transport and infrastructure, the availability of suitable supply chain partners, coordination and information sharing, product traceability, and cultural issues. Our study partially confirms the significance of these challenges for secondary ports. The significance of these challenges depends on the kind of circular supply chain, i.e., whether the supply chain is a producer or a consumer chain. Our study shows that a very important challenge for both types of chains is the problem of internal resistance to change. This still-unsolved issue involves the persistent linear mindset of the port authority, which is manifested mainly as investor evaluation policy based exclusively on the declared annual transshipment volume, which fails to take actions to provide the available land plots with the infrastructure necessary for the terminals and industrial plants that participate in circular supply chains. Simultaneously, for secondary ports, we proved that it is stevedores (who are flexible and fast in adapting to new market conditions, strongly determined to search for new cargo types to replace those that have vanished, and who adapt the scope of their services) who play a key role in stimulating the development of circular supply chains. As a main managerial implication for the authorities of secondary ports, such authorities should create appropriate policies for investor assessments and the utilisation of available areas within the port premises to encourage the enterprises engaged in circular supply chains to invest in and develop their businesses within the port’s premises. It is also necessary to develop appropriate communication between port authorities and their external stakeholders. As a managerial implication for the stevedores in secondary ports, these entities should first develop their service offers to address cargo as part of the circular supply chains (with more comprehensive service offers and added-value services, such as freight forwarding services, stuffing, packing, and mixing of cargo) and develop cooperation with other stakeholders of circular supply chains.

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