Components of chlorophyll biosynthesis in a barley albina mutant unable to synthesize ?-aminolevulinic acid by utilizing the transfer RNA for glutamic acid

Planta ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 188 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wolfgang R. Hess ◽  
Rudolf Schendel ◽  
Wolfhart R�diger ◽  
Birte Fieder ◽  
Thomas B�rner
Keyword(s):  
Glutamic Acid ◽  
Aminolevulinic Acid ◽  
Chlorophyll Biosynthesis ◽  
Transfer Rna

Components of chlorophyll biosynthesis in a barley albina mutant unable to synthesize ?-aminolevulinic acid by utilizing the transfer RNA for glutamic acid

Planta ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 188 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
WolfgangR. Hess ◽  
Rudolf Schendel ◽  
Wolfhart R�diger ◽  
Birte Fieder ◽  
Thomas B�rner
Keyword(s):  
Glutamic Acid ◽  
Aminolevulinic Acid ◽  
Chlorophyll Biosynthesis ◽  
Transfer Rna

scholarly journals Effect of chlorophyll biosynthesis-related genes on the leaf color in Hosta (Hosta plantaginea Aschers) and tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.)

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jingying Zhang ◽  
Changhai Sui ◽  
Huimin Liu ◽  
Jinjiao Chen ◽  
Zhilin Han ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Light Intensity ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Aminolevulinic Acid ◽  
Chlorophyll Biosynthesis ◽  
Expression Level ◽  
Virus Induced Gene Silencing ◽  
Leaf Color ◽  
Color Changes ◽  
Light Intensities ◽  
Structure Changes

Abstract Background ‘Regal Splendour’ (Hosta variety) is famous for its multi-color leaves, which are useful resources for exploring chloroplast development and color changes. The expressions of chlorophyll biosynthesis-related genes (HrHEMA, HrPOR and HrCAO) in Hosta have been demonstrated to be associated with leaf color. Herein, we isolated, sequenced, and analyzed HrHEMA, HrPOR and HrCAO genes. Subcellular localization was also performed to determine the location of the corresponding enzymes. After plasmid construction, virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) was carried out to reduce the expressions of those genes. In addition, HrHEMA-, HrPOR- and HrCAO-overexpressing tobacco plants were made to verify the genes function. Changes of transgenic tobacco were recorded under 2000 lx, 6000 lx and 10,000 lx light intensity. Additionally, the contents of enzyme 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA), porphobilinogen (PBG), chlorophyll a and b (Chla and Chlb), carotenoid (Cxc), superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), malondialdehyde (MDA), proline (Pro) and catalase (CAT) under different light intensities were evaluated. Results The silencing of HrHEMA, HrPOR and HrCAO genes can induce leaf yellowing and chloroplast structure changes in Hosta. Specifically, leaves of Hosta with HrCAO silencing were the most affected, while those with HrPOR silencing were the least affected. Moreover, all three genes in tobacco were highly expressed, whereas no expression was detected in wild-type (WT). However, the sensitivities of the three genes to different light intensities were different. The highest expression level of HrHEMA and HrPOR was detected under 10,000 lx of illumination, while HrCAO showed the highest expression level under 6000 lx. Lastly, the 5-ALA, Chla, Cxc, SOD, POD, MDA, Pro and CAT contents in different transgenic tobaccos changed significantly under different light intensities. Conclusion The overexpression of these three genes in tobacco enhanced photosynthesis by accumulating chlorophyll content, but the influential level varied under different light intensities. Furthermore, HrHEMA-, HrPOR- and HrCAO- overexpressing in tobacco can enhance the antioxidant capacity of plants to cope with stress under higher light intensity. However, under lower light intensity, the antioxidant capacity was declined in HrHEMA-, HrPOR- and HrCAO- overexpressing tobaccos.

The Influence of 5-Aminolevulinic Acid on Protochlorophyllide and Protochlorophyll Accumulation in Dark-Grown Scenedesmus

1990 ◽  
Vol 45 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 71-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kiriakos Kotzabasis ◽  
Horst Senger
Keyword(s):  
Aminolevulinic Acid ◽  
Protein Complexes ◽  
Chlorophyll Biosynthesis ◽  
Scenedesmus Obliquus ◽  
Good Tool ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Pigment Protein Complexes ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Grown Culture ◽  
In Cells

The intermediate of chlorophyll biosynthesis, 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA ), is a necessary prerequisite for the formation of protochlorophyllide (PChlide) and protochlorophyll (PChl) in the dark. The application of ALA to a dark-grown culture of the pigment mutant C-2 A′ of Scenedesmus obliquus increased the amount of PChlide 30-fold and the amount of PChl about 10-fold. The rates of ALA-dependent formation of PChlide and PChl reach their maximum values at different concentrations of added ALA . Similarly, the kinetics of PChlide and PChl formation in cells incubated with ALA are different. Cells of Scenedesmus mutant C-2 A′ incubated with various concentrations of ALA for different periods provide a good tool for future studies differentiating between PChlide and PChl metabolism . − The incorporation of Chl deriving from either PChl or PChlide into different pigment protein complexes is discussed.

Chromosomal assignment of a glutamic acid transfer RNA (tRNAGlu) gene to 1p36

1989 ◽  
Vol 81 (2) ◽  
pp. 153-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Boyd ◽  
A. Theriault ◽  
J. P. Goddard ◽  
M. Kalaitsidaki ◽  
D. H. Spathas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glutamic Acid ◽  
Transfer Rna ◽  
Chromosomal Assignment

scholarly journals Cold acclimation can specifically inhibit chlorophyll biosynthesis in young leaves of Pakchoi

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Huiyu Wang ◽  
Zhubo Li ◽  
Lingyun Yuan ◽  
Hefang Zhou ◽  
Xilin Hou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cold Acclimation ◽  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Aminolevulinic Acid ◽  
Color Change ◽  
Chlorophyll Biosynthesis ◽  
Leafy Vegetables ◽  
Tem Analysis ◽  
Leaf Phenotype ◽  
Leaf Yellowing ◽  
Young Leaves

Abstract Background Leaf color is an important trait in breeding of leafy vegetables. Y-05, a pakchoi (Brassica rapa ssp. chinensis) cultivar, displays yellow inner (YIN) and green outer leaves (GOU) after cold acclimation. However, the mechanism of this special phenotype remains elusive. Results We assumed that the yellow leaf phenotype of Y-05 maybe caused by low chlorophyll content. Pigments measurements and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis showed that the yellow phenotype is closely related with decreased chlorophyll content and undeveloped thylakoids in chloroplast. Transcriptomes and metabolomes sequencing were next performed on YIN and GOU. The transcriptomes data showed that 4887 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between the YIN and GOU leaves were mostly enriched in the chloroplast- and chlorophyll-related categories, indicating that the chlorophyll biosynthesis is mainly affected during cold acclimation. Together with metabolomes data, the inhibition of chlorophyll biosynthesis is contributed by blocked 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) synthesis in yellow inner leaves, which is further verified by complementary and inhibitory experiments of ALA. Furthermore, we found that the blocked ALA is closely associated with increased BrFLU expression, which is indirectly altered by cold acclimation. In BrFLU-silenced pakchoi Y-05, cold-acclimated leaves still showed green phenotype and higher chlorophyll content compared with control, meaning silencing of BrFLU can rescue the leaf yellowing induced by cold acclimation. Conclusions Our findings suggested that cold acclimation can indirectly promote the expression of BrFLU in inner leaves of Y-05 to block ALA synthesis, resulting in decreased chlorophyll content and leaf yellowing. This study revealed the underlying mechanisms of leaves color change in cold-acclimated Y-05.

scholarly journals Formation of δ-Aminolevulinic Acid from Glutamic Acid in Algal Extracts

1987 ◽  
Vol 84 (2) ◽  
pp. 244-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jon D. Weinstein ◽  
Sandra M. Mayer ◽  
Samuel I. Beale
Keyword(s):  
Glutamic Acid ◽  
Aminolevulinic Acid ◽  
Algal Extracts
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