Knitting wormholes by entanglement in supergravity

Vijay Balasubramanian; Matthew DeCross; Gábor Sárosi

doi:10.1007/jhep11(2020)167

Knitting wormholes by entanglement in supergravity

Journal of High Energy Physics ◽

10.1007/jhep11(2020)167 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 (11) ◽

Author(s):

Vijay Balasubramanian ◽

Matthew DeCross ◽

Gábor Sárosi

Keyword(s):

Degrees Of Freedom ◽

Intermediate Region ◽

Yang Mills ◽

Schwarzschild Geometry ◽

Dual Interpretation ◽

Two Universes ◽

Single Boundary ◽

Super Yang Mills Theory

Abstract We construct a single-boundary wormhole geometry in type IIB supergravity by perturbing two stacks of N extremal D3-branes in the decoupling limit. The solution interpolates from a two-sided planar AdS-Schwarzschild geometry in the interior, through a harmonic two-center solution in the intermediate region, to an asymptotic AdS space. The construction involves a CPT twist in the gluing of the wormhole to the exterior throats that gives a global monodromy to some coordinates, while preserving orientability. The geometry has a dual interpretation in $$ \mathcal{N} $$ N = 4 SU(2N) Super Yang-Mills theory in terms of a Higgsed SU(2N) → S(U(N) × U(N)) theory in which $$ \mathcal{O} $$ O (N2) degrees of freedom in each SU(N) sector are entangled in an approximate thermofield double state at a temperature much colder than the Higgs scale. We argue that the solution can be made long-lived by appropriate choice of parameters, and comment on mechanisms for generating traversability. We also describe a construction of a double wormhole between two universes.

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Scrambling in Yang-Mills

Journal of High Energy Physics ◽

10.1007/jhep01(2021)058 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2021 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Robert de Mello Koch ◽

Eunice Gandote ◽

Augustine Larweh Mahu

Keyword(s):

Relaxation Time ◽

Weak Coupling ◽

Degrees Of Freedom ◽

Yang Mills ◽

Hooft Coupling ◽

Dilatation Operator ◽

Super Yang Mills Theory

Abstract Acting on operators with a bare dimension ∆ ∼ N2 the dilatation operator of U(N) $$ \mathcal{N} $$ N = 4 super Yang-Mills theory defines a 2-local Hamiltonian acting on a graph. Degrees of freedom are associated with the vertices of the graph while edges correspond to terms in the Hamiltonian. The graph has p ∼ N vertices. Using this Hamiltonian, we study scrambling and equilibration in the large N Yang-Mills theory. We characterize the typical graph and thus the typical Hamiltonian. For the typical graph, the dynamics leads to scrambling in a time consistent with the fast scrambling conjecture. Further, the system exhibits a notion of equilibration with a relaxation time, at weak coupling, given by t ∼ $$ \frac{\rho }{\lambda } $$ ρ λ with λ the ’t Hooft coupling.

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The conformal hyperplet

International Journal of Modern Physics A ◽

10.1142/s0217751x17500798 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 32 (14) ◽

pp. 1750079 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Michael Faux

Keyword(s):

Saddle Point ◽

Degrees Of Freedom ◽

Central Charge ◽

Yang Mills ◽

Vacuum Instability ◽

Gauge Fixing ◽

Super Yang Mills Theory

We introduce a finite off-shell hypermultiplet with no off-shell central charge. This requires 192[Formula: see text]+[Formula: see text]192 degrees of freedom, all but 8[Formula: see text]+[Formula: see text]8 of which are auxiliary or gauge. In the absence of supergravity, the model has a saddle-point vacuum instability implying ghost-like propagators. These are cured by realizing the model superconformally, such that the erstwhile ghosts are realized as compensators. Gauge fixing these links the physical hypermultiplets to supergravity. This evokes the prospect of realizing [Formula: see text] super-Yang–Mills theory off-shell.

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Super Yang-Mills theories with inhomogeneous mass deformations

Journal of High Energy Physics ◽

10.1007/jhep12(2020)060 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 (12) ◽

Author(s):

Yoonbai Kim ◽

O-Kab Kwon ◽

D. D. Tolla

Keyword(s):

Boundary Condition ◽

Killing Spinor ◽

Vacuum Equation ◽

Constant Mass ◽

Yang Mills ◽

Spatial Coordinate ◽

Mass Functions ◽

Vacuum Solutions ◽

Super Yang Mills Theory

Abstract We construct the 4-dimensional $$ \mathcal{N}=\frac{1}{2} $$ N = 1 2 and $$ \mathcal{N} $$ N = 1 inhomogeneously mass-deformed super Yang-Mills theories from the $$ \mathcal{N} $$ N = 1* and $$ \mathcal{N} $$ N = 2* theories, respectively, and analyse their supersymmetric vacua. The inhomogeneity is attributed to the dependence of background fluxes in the type IIB supergravity on a single spatial coordinate. This gives rise to inhomogeneous mass functions in the $$ \mathcal{N} $$ N = 4 super Yang-Mills theory which describes the dynamics of D3-branes. The Killing spinor equations for those inhomogeneous theories lead to the supersymmetric vacuum equation and a boundary condition. We investigate two types of solutions in the $$ \mathcal{N}=\frac{1}{2} $$ N = 1 2 theory, corresponding to the cases of asymptotically constant mass functions and periodic mass functions. For the former case, the boundary condition gives a relation between the parameters of two possibly distinct vacua at the asymptotic boundaries. Brane interpretations for corresponding vacuum solutions in type IIB supergravity are also discussed. For the latter case, we obtain explicit forms of the periodic vacuum solutions.

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Exact 1/N expansion of Wilson loop correlators in $$ \mathcal{N} $$ = 4 Super-Yang-Mills theory

Journal of High Energy Physics ◽

10.1007/jhep07(2021)001 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2021 (7) ◽

Author(s):

Wolfgang Mück

Keyword(s):

Matrix Model ◽

Wilson Loop ◽

Model Solution ◽

Wilson Loops ◽

Combinatorial Formula ◽

Expectation Value ◽

Yang Mills ◽

Hooft Coupling ◽

The Matrix ◽

Super Yang Mills Theory

Abstract Supersymmetric circular Wilson loops in $$ \mathcal{N} $$ N = 4 Super-Yang-Mills theory are discussed starting from their Gaussian matrix model representations. Previous results on the generating functions of Wilson loops are reviewed and extended to the more general case of two different loop contours, which is needed to discuss coincident loops with opposite orientations. A combinatorial formula representing the connected correlators of multiply wound Wilson loops in terms of the matrix model solution is derived. Two new results are obtained on the expectation value of the circular Wilson loop, the expansion of which into a series in 1/N and to all orders in the ’t Hooft coupling λ was derived by Drukker and Gross about twenty years ago. The connected correlators of two multiply wound Wilson loops with arbitrary winding numbers are calculated as a series in 1/N. The coefficient functions are derived not only as power series in λ, but also to all orders in λ by expressing them in terms of the coefficients of the Drukker and Gross series. This provides an efficient way to calculate the 1/N series, which can probably be generalized to higher-point correlators.

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From Center-Vortex Ensembles to the Confining Flux Tube

Universe ◽

10.3390/universe7080253 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (8) ◽

pp. 253

Author(s):

David R. Junior ◽

Luis E. Oxman ◽

Gustavo M. Simões

Keyword(s):

Degrees Of Freedom ◽

String Tension ◽

Effective Field ◽

Scaling Properties ◽

Flux Tubes ◽

Topological Solitons ◽

Yang Mills ◽

Center Vortex ◽

Asymptotic Scaling ◽

The Continuum

In this review, we discuss the present status of the description of confining flux tubes in SU(N) pure Yang–Mills theory in terms of ensembles of percolating center vortices. This is based on three main pillars: modeling in the continuum the ensemble components detected in the lattice, the derivation of effective field representations, and contrasting the associated properties with Monte Carlo lattice results. The integration of the present knowledge about these points is essential to get closer to a unified physical picture for confinement. Here, we shall emphasize the last advances, which point to the importance of including the non-oriented center-vortex component and non-Abelian degrees of freedom when modeling the center-vortex ensemble measure. These inputs are responsible for the emergence of topological solitons and the possibility of accommodating the asymptotic scaling properties of the confining string tension.

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New modular invariants in $$ \mathcal{N} $$ = 4 Super-Yang-Mills theory

Journal of High Energy Physics ◽

10.1007/jhep04(2021)212 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2021 (4) ◽

Author(s):

Shai M. Chester ◽

Michael B. Green ◽

Silviu S. Pufu ◽

Yifan Wang ◽

Congkao Wen

Keyword(s):

Eisenstein Series ◽

Mass Parameter ◽

Flat Space ◽

Superstring Theory ◽

Modular Invariant ◽

Yang Mills ◽

Laplace Eigenvalue ◽

Modular Invariants ◽

Tensor Multiplet ◽

Super Yang Mills Theory

Abstract We study modular invariants arising in the four-point functions of the stress tensor multiplet operators of the $$ \mathcal{N} $$ N = 4 SU(N) super-Yang-Mills theory, in the limit where N is taken to be large while the complexified Yang-Mills coupling τ is held fixed. The specific four-point functions we consider are integrated correlators obtained by taking various combinations of four derivatives of the squashed sphere partition function of the $$ \mathcal{N} $$ N = 2∗ theory with respect to the squashing parameter b and mass parameter m, evaluated at the values b = 1 and m = 0 that correspond to the $$ \mathcal{N} $$ N = 4 theory on a round sphere. At each order in the 1/N expansion, these fourth derivatives are modular invariant functions of (τ,$$ \overline{\tau} $$ τ ¯ ). We present evidence that at half-integer orders in 1/N , these modular invariants are linear combinations of non-holomorphic Eisenstein series, while at integer orders in 1/N, they are certain “generalized Eisenstein series” which satisfy inhomogeneous Laplace eigenvalue equations on the hyperbolic plane. These results reproduce known features of the low-energy expansion of the four-graviton amplitude in type IIB superstring theory in ten-dimensional flat space and have interesting implications for the structure of the analogous expansion in AdS5× S5.

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