scholarly journals Reclaiming a future that has not yet been: The Faure report, UNESCO’s humanism and the need for the emancipation of education

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gert Biesta
Keyword(s):  
Right To Education ◽  
Strong Argument ◽  
Educational Provision ◽  
Educational Vision ◽  
The World ◽  
Education Today ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Life Course ◽  
Education And Society ◽  
Over Time

AbstractFifty years after UNESCO’s publication of Learning to be: The world of education today and tomorrow, the author of this article provides an assessment of this seminal report, commonly known as “the Faure report”. He characterises the educational vision of the report as humanistic and democratic and highlights its emphasis on the need for educational provision throughout the life-course. He demonstrates how the right to education has, over time, been transformed into a duty to learn, Moreover, this duty has been strongly tied to economic purposes, particularly the individual’s duty to remain employable in a fast-changing labour market. Rather than suggesting that Edgar Faure and his International Commission on the Development of Education set a particular agenda for education that has, over time, been replaced by an altogether different agenda, the author suggests a reading of the report which understands it as making a case for a particular relationship between education and society, namely one in which the integrity of education itself is acknowledged and education is not reduced to a mere instrument for delivering particular agendas. Looking back at the report five decades later, he argues that it provides a strong argument for the emancipation of education itself, and that this argument is still needed in the world of today.

Pedagogy of Inclusion

2018 ◽  
pp. 87-102
Author(s):  
Maluleka Khazamula Jan
Keyword(s):  
Inclusive Education ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Learning By Doing ◽  
Inclusive Classroom ◽  
Gifted Children ◽  
Social Emotional ◽  
Right To Education ◽  
The World ◽  
The Right ◽  
Relevant Pedagogy

For far too long, in all parts of the world, the most vulnerable members of society have been excluded from schools. All children, regardless of their physical, intellectual, social, emotional, linguistic, or other conditions, including disabled and gifted children, have the right to education and the relevant pedagogy of inclusion. The teaching methods used should accommodate all members of the society. People who are planning the teaching strategies should also know that people learn better when they do things. The purpose of this chapter is to determine how the theory of constructionism can be applied in the teaching and learning of students in the inclusive education. Information collected from literature on teaching and learning in inclusive education is critically analyzed through the theory of constructionism. Various theorists found that constructionism is relevant to an inclusive classroom since it encourages learning by doing.

scholarly journals The Right to Education and ICT during COVID-19: An International Perspective

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (21) ◽  
pp. 9091
Author(s):  
Luis Miguel Lázaro Lorente ◽  
Ana Ancheta Arrabal ◽  
Cristina Pulido-Montes
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
International Perspective ◽  
School Closure ◽  
Global Perspective ◽  
Low Income Countries ◽  
Right To Education ◽  
The World ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Impact

There is a lack of concluding evidence among epidemiologists and public health specialists about how school closures reduce the spread of COVID-19. Herein, we attend to the generalization of this action throughout the world, specifically in its quest to reduce mortality and avoid infections. Considering the impact on the right to education from a global perspective, this article discusses how COVID-19 has exacerbated inequalities and pre-existing problems in education systems around the world. Therefore, the institutional responses to guaranteeing remote continuity of the teaching–learning process during this educational crisis was compared regionally through international databases. Three categories of analysis were established: infrastructure and equipment, both basic and computer-based, as well as internet access of schools; preparation and means of teachers to develop distance learning; and implemented measures and resources to continue educational processes. The results showed an uneven capacity in terms of response and preparation to face the learning losses derived from school closure, both in low-income regions and within middle- and high-income countries. We concluded that it is essential to articulate inclusive educational policies that support strengthening the government response capacity, especially in low-income countries, to address the sustainability of education.

scholarly journals ORGANISATIONAL AND LEGAL FRAMEWORK FOR THE UN’s ACTIVITY CONCERNING HUMAN RIGHTS EDUCATION

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
General Education ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Quality Education ◽  
Human Rights Education ◽  
Right To Education ◽  
Rights Of The Child ◽  
The World ◽  
The Right

The article focuses on the foundation and development of the universal legal basis of human rights education, which is an essential part of general education as an integral part of human rights. The provisions of general international legal instruments guaranteeing the right to education are analysed, in particular: the Universal Declaration of Human Rights of 1948, the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights of 1966, the Convention on the Rights of the Child of 1989. Special attention is paid to the provisions of specialized acts on the regulation of education. In particular, the provisions of the Convention on the Elimination of Discrimination in Education of 1960, adopted by the UN Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), which defines the main components of the right to education, clarifies the term “discrimination” in the field of education, and state parties’ obligations to eliminate or prevent discrimination. The provisions of universal acts adopted within the World Conference on Human Rights, the World Education Forum are disclosed, in particular: the Vienna Declaration and the Action Plan, the World Declaration on Education for All and the basic framework for action to meet basic educational needs, the Dakar Framework for Action, education for everyone: fulfilling our collective commitments, the World Program in Education, the UN Declaration on Human Rights Education and Training, Education 2030 – Incheon Declaration – Towards inclusive and equitable quality education and lifelong learning for all and others. Emphasis is placed on the activity of the High Commissioner for Human Rights and his / her chairmanship (OHCHR) on the development of human rights education. The focus is on the practical component of UNESCO’s activity in this area. Programs that operate under the auspices of a specialized institution are characterized by: a program to prevent violent extremism through education, education about the Holocaust and genocide, the importance of language in education, the rule of law through education. It focuses on the functioning of the United Nations Relief and Works Agency (UNRWA), which aims to assist Palestinian refugees in providing access to quality education. Relevant conclusions are made.

scholarly journals Políticas de inclusión y extensión de la obligatoriedad escolar: Alcances, deudas y desafíos en la materialización del derecho a la educación

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 155
Author(s):  
Nora Gluz ◽  
Dalila Andrade Oliveira ◽  
Cibele Maria Lima Rodrigues
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Working Group ◽  
Educational Policies ◽  
Washington Consensus ◽  
Right To Education ◽  
The Public ◽  
The World ◽  
The Right

This introductory text presents the axes that guide the dossier, Policies for Inclusion and Extension of School Obligations, organized by the Working Group on Educational Policies and the Right to Education of the Latin American Council of Social Sciences (CLACSO). Through research results, the articles show advances in the realization of the right to education, the contradictory dynamics assumed by the extension of rights in contexts of exclusion, and the persistence of inequalities. Covering the period from the crisis of the Washington consensus to the current restoration of rights in the world, the papers allow us to think about different meanings attributed to “school inclusion” in educational policies, the ambiguities resulting from their appropriation, and the attacks on the processes of democratization of education where neoliberal responses have presented new arguments in the public scene. The texts will be published in two editions, ensuring thematic diversity and a balance between general writings on policies and case studies.

scholarly journals Child's Right of Education in Islam and Afghan Laws

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Abdul Qader Nael
Keyword(s):  
Human Life ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Right To Education ◽  
Legal Documents ◽  
Important Stage ◽  
Legal Provisions ◽  
The World ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Right ◽  
Effective Education

Childhood is an important stage of human life that has been valued in different forms by different societies and nations of the world. According to Muslim jurists, this stage of life begins from birth and continues until puberty. Afghan modern laws and many related international legal documents consider the age of 18 to be the end of childhood. Human beings at this important stage of life, called "children", have a lot of rights because of their weakness, inability to live independently, and because they need to be assisted to pass this important stage of life well and become effective persons in the society. One of the most important rights of a child is having access to a sound and effective education. Caring for this right of children is the responsibility of their parents, relatives, and the government, respectively. In view of this, Islamic Sharia and modern laws, both national and international, recognize the right to education as one of the most important rights of a child, and have enacted many legal provisions in this field and obliged the parties involved to implement them.

scholarly journals Some Corner of a Chinese Field: The politics of remembering foreign veterans of the Taiping civil war

2018 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 1134-1171
Author(s):  
JONATHAN CHAPPELL
Keyword(s):  
Interest Groups ◽  
Transnational Politics ◽  
Politics Of Memory ◽  
Treaty Port ◽  
The World ◽  
The Right ◽  
Foreign Fighters ◽  
Over Time

AbstractThe memory of the foreign involvement in the Taiping war lasted long after the fall of the Taiping capital at Nanjing in 1864. The events were commemorated by various actors, Chinese and foreign, from the end of the war until the end of the treaty-port century in 1943 when the right to extraterritoriality was abrogated. This article explores the commemorations of the foreign role through three media: the issuing of medals to foreign fighters, the building of memorials to the foreign dead, and the writing of histories of the events. Across these media, different interest groups used the foreign interventions as a proxy for continuing debates about the role of foreigners in China and about China's place in the world. More broadly, the commemorations of the role of foreign fighters in the Taiping war is a case study in the transnational politics of memory. The memories of the war were contested or commemorated not just by states, but also by individuals and groups whose views often diverged from those of their government. By tracing how memories of the war were remembered and forgotten, we can trace the insecurities of different interest groups over time and their perceived power relative to each other.

Part VI Refugee Rights and Realities, Ch.49 National Constitutions and the Right to Asylum

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meili Stephen
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Refugee Convention ◽  
Refugee Law ◽  
Domestic Courts ◽  
The World ◽  
Constitutional Right ◽  
International Refugee Law ◽  
The Right ◽  
Effective Use ◽  
Over Time

This chapter studies the constitutional right to asylum, which until recently was a rather neglected backwater of international refugee law. This is due to a variety of factors, including the Refugee Convention’s domination of the refugee law regime, the weakness of the judiciary in many of the countries whose constitutions contain a right to asylum, and the non-humanitarian motivations for inclusion of that right in many constitutions. More recently, however, a combination of factors has breathed new life into the constitutional right to asylum in some countries. These factors include the limitations of the Refugee Convention, the rise in nationalism and anti-globalization, and the growing influence of refugee lawyers who are utilizing the constitutional right to asylum in domestic courts, particularly in Latin America. The chapter then traces the evolution of the constitutional right to asylum and considers how it has manifested itself in different countries and regions of the world over time. It also looks at recent strategic litigation in Latin America that has successfully utilized the constitutional right to asylum and may provide a blueprint for the effective use of such provisions in other countries.

The Environmental Perspective in the 1999 Nigerian Constitution

2003 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 256-278 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emmanuel E. Okon
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Degradation ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Natural Rights ◽  
Right To Education ◽  
Indian Constitution ◽  
Healthy Environment ◽  
Nation States ◽  
The World ◽  
Environmental Protection Policies ◽  
The Right

Environmental degradation is bound to increase as long as human population increases and new technologies are invented. In order to arrest the problems of environmental degradation, a number of approaches have been adopted. Among such approaches are the integration of environmental protection policies into development programmes, enactment of comprehensive legislation on all segments of environment and the inclusion of environmental provisions in the constitutions of most countries. Unfortunately, while some countries make their constitutional provisions on environment enforceable, others do not. In Nigeria, indirect environmental provisions were first made part of the constitution in the 1979 Constitution. In 1999, direct environmental provision was entrenched in the 1999 Constitution. Unfortunately, Chapter II of the 1999 Constitution, which contains the environmental provisions, is unenforceable. While the Nigerian courts have done nothing tangible to enforce the provisions of the constitution on environment, on the other hand, the Indian courts have taken positive steps to enforce provisions of the Indian Constitution on environment. In conclusion, apart from other suggestions made, it is strongly recommended that Nigerian courts should emulate the efforts made by Indian courts to enforce provisions of the Indian Constitution on environment. The world has moved far away from the era when it was believed that the only rights which a government is called upon to guarantee and protect are the natural rights of man. By living in nation-states and in organised communities, man has acquired new rights, which are now regarded by many civilised countries as just as inalienable as those rights with which nature endows him at birth. The right to education and work are among such rights. Increasingly important in some countries is the addition of the right to a decent and healthy environment to these newly acquired rights.1

Was Pinker on the Right Track? The Speed of Recent Decline of Violence and Gender Inequality

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 148-172
Author(s):  
Oliver Nahkur ◽  
Rein Taagepera
Keyword(s):  
Gender Equality ◽  
Gender Inequality ◽  
Interpersonal Violence ◽  
World Average ◽  
The World ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Right ◽  
Over Time

Abstract Interpersonal violence decreased and gender equality increased from 1991 to 2012 in nearly all of the 26 countries studied. After confirming the direction of change, as asserted by Pinker, we further specify how fast this change is. The lower violence becomes in a country, the harder it is to reduce it even more, and similarly for gender inequality. Apply the model of exponential approach to a limit. The world average Societal Index of Interpersonal Destructiveness (SIID, S) decreases over time as S=13.3 (e-0.0132(t-2001.5)-1), and Welzel’s gender equality (G) increases as G=1-0.378 e-0.0144(t-2001.5). The two are tightly related as G=1-0.120(S+12.6)0.466 (R2=.79 for logarithms). Sweden leads the world by many decades while Russia and Philippines lag the most.

scholarly journals MULHER E O DIREITO AO PRÓPRIO CORPO: A TUTELA DO ABORTO

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 126
Author(s):  
Érika Do Amaral Véras ◽  
Romulo Rhemo Palitot Braga
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Human Rights ◽  
Social Justice ◽  
Present Article ◽  
Current Position ◽  
The World ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Right ◽  
Over Time

No Brasil, assim como em diversos países do mundo, principalmente os países em desenvolvimento, o abortamento representa um grave problema de saúde pública, justiça social e direitos humanos, tornando o aspecto penal apenas um detalhe. Este estudo pretende conceder uma visão geral sob a temática do aborto, trazendo as principais mudanças sobre o assunto ao longo do tempo e, em especial, o atual posicionamento do Poder Judiciário brasileiro. Para tanto, o método de abordagem escolhido para elaboração do presente artigo foi o dedutivo, o método de procedimento foi o histórico e a técnica de pesquisa a bibliográfica.  WOMAN AND THE RIGHT TO THE OWN BODY: THE GUARDIANSHIP OF ABORTIONABSTRACT In Brazil, as well as in several countries of the world, especially developing countries, abortion represents a serious problem of public health, social justice and human rights, making the criminal aspect only a detail. This study intends to give an overview on abortion, bringing the main changes on the subject over time and, in particular, the current position of the Brazilian Judiciary. For this, the method of approach chosen for the elaboration of the present article was the deductive, the method of procedure was the historical and the research technique the bibliographic. KEYWORDS Abortion; Crime; Right.

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