Interfacial stress estimation using least-square extrapolation and local stress smoothing in laminated composites

1996 ◽  
Vol 58 (4) ◽  
pp. 765-774 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.J. Chen ◽  
D.K. Shah ◽  
W.S. Chan
Keyword(s):  
Laminated Composites ◽  
Local Stress ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Interfacial Stress ◽  
Stress Estimation ◽  
Stress Smoothing

scholarly journals Local stress fields in solids estimated by acoustical emission method

2021 ◽  
Vol 2103 (1) ◽  
pp. 012064
Author(s):  
V L Hilarov ◽  
E E Damaskinskaya
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Acoustic Emission ◽  
Stress Field ◽  
Estimation Method ◽  
Local Stress ◽  
Stress Fields ◽  
Emission Method ◽  
Macroscopic Fracture ◽  
Stress Estimation ◽  
Kinetic Concept

Abstract Based on the Zhurkov’s kinetic concept of solids’ fracture a local internal stress estimation method is introduced. Stress field is computed from the time series of acoustic emission intervals between successive signals. For the case of two structurally different materials the time evolution of these stresses is examined. It is shown that temporal changes of these stresses’ accumulation law may serve as a precursor of incoming macroscopic fracture.

Interfacial Stress Singularities at Free Edge of Hybrid Metal Matrix Composites

1988 ◽  
Vol 110 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. W. Lau ◽  
F. Delale
Keyword(s):  
Metal Matrix Composites ◽  
Plastic Flow ◽  
Metal Matrix ◽  
Stress Singularity ◽  
Local Stress ◽  
Free Edge ◽  
Interfacial Stress ◽  
Matrix Composites ◽  
Stress Concentrations ◽  
Hybrid Metal Matrix Composites

Novel hybrid-matrix composites with alternating metallic matrices of different plastic flow resistance offer excellent potential for a superior strength and toughness combination than traditional monomatrix composites. The local stress concentrations in this class of composites can be controlled by proper tailoring of the metal matrices. The free edge accentuated stress state which govern inter-matrix interfacial cracking in such hybrid metal matrix composites has been solved. Determined through asymptotic expansion and numerical methods, the local decohesion stress, σθθ, is found to be always positive for far field tensile loading. The power of the stress singularity is found to depend on the ratio of the plastic resistances of the two matrix metals. A larger difference in resistance to onset of plastic flow between the two matrix metals leads to stronger stress singularity. The work hardening behavior of the matrices also affects the power of the stress singularity. At the limit, the interfacial stress becomes nonsingular for non-workhardening matrices. Detailed results of both the power of the stress singularity, and its angular variation have been determined for a range of matrix combinations.

Local Measurements of Surfaces Stress

1995 ◽  
Vol 379 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ray D. Twesten ◽  
J. Murray Gibson
Keyword(s):  
Stress Measurement ◽  
Local Stress ◽  
Interfacial Stress ◽  
Intrinsic Stress ◽  
Stress Difference ◽  
Free Surfaces ◽  
Buried Interfaces ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Quantitative Image ◽  
Local Measurements

ABSTRACTWe have recently developed a method of local stress measurement that can be applied at the submicron level to measure differences in intrinsic stress at both free surfaces and buried interfaces. The method exploits the fact that transmission electron microscopy readily reveals local bulk strain fields produced by surface or interfacial stress differences. Using quantitative image analysis and simulation, we can determine the value of this stress difference. We have successfully applied this technique to the clean Si(111) surface during 7×7-1×1 phase coexistence and have determined the stress difference to be 30±5 meV/Å2.

A MULTISCALE CRYSTAL PLASTICITY ANALYSIS OF DEFORMATION IN A TWO-PHASE STEEL

2009 ◽  
Vol 01 (01) ◽  
pp. 1-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
JILLIAN GASKELL ◽  
FIONN DUNNE ◽  
DIDIER FARRUGIA ◽  
JIANGUO LIN
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Plasticity ◽  
Crystallographic Orientation ◽  
Void Nucleation ◽  
Local Stress ◽  
Peak Stress ◽  
Interfacial Stress ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Interfacial Stresses ◽  
Crystal Plasticity Model

A rate- and lengthscale-dependent crystal plasticity model is employed with a representative volume element for a two-phase austenitic steel under hot-forming conditions to investigate the role of austenite and MnS particle crystallographic orientation on local stress and slip conditions at austenite–MnS interfaces. It was found that austenite–MnS particle interfacial stress magnifications are determined largely by the crystallographic orientation of the MnS and not significantly by the austenite orientations. However, the crystallographic orientation of an austenite grain neighboring a MnS particle has a dramatic effect on slip localization and slip magnitude in the absence of any significant change in interfacial stress magnitude. The results suggest that it is the crystallographic orientation of the MnS rather than that of the austenite which determines the onset and rapidity of void nucleation. The results also show that there are very particular combinations of austenite–MnS particle orientations which lead to the highest interfacial stresses, and that the peak stress magnification arises not from the properties of the second phase particles but from their orientation. Micromechanical models based on isotropic plasticity will not capture correctly the interfacial stresses.

Solid Solution Effects and Deformation Micros trueture of Shock-Loaded Iron Manganese Alloys

1970 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 420-421
Author(s):  
A. Christou ◽  
J. V. Foltz ◽  
N. Brown
Keyword(s):  
Solid Solution ◽  
Shock Loading ◽  
High Strain ◽  
Local Stress ◽  
Strain Rates ◽  
Local Stress Concentration ◽  
Bcc Metals ◽  
Manganese Alloys ◽  
Iron Manganese ◽  
Transmission Microscope

In general, all BCC transition metals have been observed to twin under appropriate conditions. At the present time various experimental reports of solid solution effects on BCC metals have been made. Indications are that solid solution effects are important in the formation of twins. The formation of twins in metals and alloys may be explained in terms of dislocation mechanisms. It has been suggested that twins are nucleated by the achievement of local stress-concentration of the order of 15 to 45 times the applied stress. Prietner and Leslie have found that twins in BCC metals are nucleated at intersections of (110) and (112) or (112) and (112) type of planes.In this paper, observations are reported of a transmission microscope study of the iron manganese series under conditions in which twins both were and were not formed. High strain rates produced by shock loading provided the appropriate deformation conditions. The workhardening mechanisms of one alloy (Fe - 7.37 wt% Mn) were studied in detail.

Least-square refinement of structure parameters from CBED integrated intensities: application to determination of temperature factors in Y BA2CU3O7

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 1456-1457
Author(s):  
Kjersti Gjønnes ◽  
Jon Gjønnes
Keyword(s):  
Least Square ◽  
Measured Intensity ◽  
Structure Information ◽  
Accurate Temperature ◽  
Least Square Fit ◽  
Case Application ◽  
Integrated Intensities ◽  
Temperature Factors ◽  
Narrow Bands

Electron diffraction intensities can be obtained at large scattering angles (sinθ/λ ≥ 2.0), and thus structure information can be collected in regions of reciprocal space that are not accessable with other diffraction methods. LACBED intensities in this range can be utilized for determination of accurate temperature factors or for refinement of coordinates. Such high index reflections can usually be treated kinematically or as a pertubed two-beam case. Application to Y Ba2Cu3O7 shows that a least square refinememt based on integrated intensities can determine temperature factors or coordinates.LACBED patterns taken in the (00l) systematic row show an easily recognisable pattern of narrow bands from reflections in the range 15 < l < 40 (figure 1). Integrated intensities obtained from measured intensity profiles after subtraction of inelastic background (figure 2) were used in the least square fit for determination of temperature factors and refinement of z-coordinates for the Ba- and Cu-atoms.

The analysis of “Gels” in polymer films

1989 ◽  
Vol 47 ◽  
pp. 362-363
Author(s):  
G. M. Brown ◽  
D. F. Brown ◽  
J. H. Butler
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Film Industry ◽  
Local Stress ◽  
Melt Index ◽  
Polyethylene Films ◽  
Crosslinked Polymer ◽  
Polymeric Gels ◽  
Mineral Particles ◽  
Polymeric Species ◽  
Special Concern

The term “gel”, in the jargon of the plastics film industry, may refer to any inclusion that produces a visible artifact in a polymeric film. Although they can occur in any plastic product, gels are a principle concern in films where they detract from the cosmetic appearance of the product and may compromise its mechanical strength by acting as local stress concentrators. Many film gels are small spheres or ellipsoids less than one millimeter in diameter whereas other gels are fusiform-shaped and may reach several centimeters in length. The actual composition of gel inclusions may vary from miscellaneous inorganics (i.e. glass and mineral particles) and processing additives to heavily oxidized, charred or crosslinked polymer. The most commonly observed gels contain polymer differing from the bulk of the sample in its melt viscosity, density or molecular weight.Polymeric gels are a special concern in polyethylene films. Over the years and with the examination of a variety of these samples three predominant polymeric species have been observed: density gels which have different crystallinity than the film; melt-index gels in which the molecular weight is different than the film and crosslinked gels which are comprised of crosslinked polyethylene.

Interface forces measurement in laminated composites

2005 ◽  
Vol 126 ◽  
pp. 147-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Barthod ◽  
G. Gautier ◽  
Y. Teisseyre ◽  
A. Agbossou
Keyword(s):  
Laminated Composites ◽  
Interface Forces

Direct Assessment of Effective Renal Plasma Flow from Renoscintigraphy with a Gamma Camera and an On-Line Computer

1981 ◽  
Vol 20 (06) ◽  
pp. 274-278
Author(s):  
J. Liniecki ◽  
J. Bialobrzeski ◽  
Ewa Mlodkowska ◽  
M. J. Surma
Keyword(s):  
Count Rate ◽  
Renal Plasma Flow ◽  
Early Period ◽  
Least Square Method ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Uptake Coefficient ◽  
Positive Linear Correlation ◽  
On Line ◽  
Best Fit ◽  
Plasma Activity

A concept of a kidney uptake coefficient (UC) of 131I-o-hippurate was developed by analogy from the corresponding kidney clearance of blood plasma in the early period after injection of the hippurate. The UC for each kidney was defined as the count-rate over its ROI at a time shorter than the peak in the renoscintigraphic curve divided by the integral of the count-rate curve over the "blood"-ROI. A procedure for normalization of both curves against each other was also developed. The total kidney clearance of the hippurate was determined from the function of plasma activity concentration vs. time after a single injection; the determinations were made at 5, 10, 15, 20, 30, 45, 60, 75 and 90 min after intravenous administration of 131I-o-hippurate and the best-fit curve was obtained by means of the least-square method. When the UC was related to the absolute value of the clearance a positive linear correlation was found (r = 0.922, ρ > 0.99). Using this regression equation the clearance could be estimated in reverse from the uptake coefficient calculated solely on the basis of the renoscintigraphic curves without blood sampling. The errors of the estimate are compatible with the requirement of a fast appraisal of renal function for purposes of clinical diagknosis.

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