scholarly journals Associations of obesity and body fat distribution with incident atrial fibrillation in the biracial health aging and body composition cohort of older adults

2015 ◽  
Vol 170 (3) ◽  
pp. 498-505.e2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Konstantinos N. Aronis ◽  
Na Wang ◽  
Caroline L. Phillips ◽  
Emelia J. Benjamin ◽  
Gregory M. Marcus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Fat Distribution ◽  
Body Fat Distribution ◽  
Health Aging

Body Fat Distribution and Body Composition During GnRH Agonist Therapy

2001 ◽  
Vol 97 (3) ◽  
pp. 338-342 ◽  
Author(s):  
HIDEKI YAMASAKI ◽  
TSUTOMU DOUCHI ◽  
SHINAKO YAMAMOTO ◽  
TOSHIMICHI OKI ◽  
RIKI KUWAHATA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Gnrh Agonist ◽  
Fat Distribution ◽  
Body Fat Distribution ◽  
Agonist Therapy

scholarly journals Association of prenatal exposure to gestational diabetes with offspring body composition and regional body fat distribution

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Kearney ◽  
J. Perron ◽  
I. Marc ◽  
S. J. Weisnagel ◽  
A. Tchernof ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Prenatal Exposure ◽  
Fat Distribution ◽  
Body Fat Distribution ◽  
Regional Body Fat

scholarly journals Dietary glycemic index and load, measures of glucose metabolism, and body fat distribution in older adults

2005 ◽  
Vol 82 (3) ◽  
pp. 547-552 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadine R Sahyoun ◽  
Amy L Anderson ◽  
Alka M Kanaya ◽  
Pauline Koh-Banerjee ◽  
Stephen B Kritchevsky ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Glycemic Index ◽  
Fat Distribution ◽  
Body Fat Distribution ◽  
Dietary Glycemic Index

Effects of Different Types of Exercise on Body Composition and Fat Distribution in HIV-Infected Patients: A Brief Review

2005 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 233-245 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florin M. Malita ◽  
Antony D. Karelis ◽  
Emil Toma ◽  
Remi Rabasa-Lhoret
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Resistance Training ◽  
Exercise Training ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Aerobic Training ◽  
Fat Distribution ◽  
Functional Independence ◽  
Body Fat Distribution ◽  
Metabolic Complications

HIV infection and its treatment is associated with unfavourable metabolic and morphological abnormalities. These metabolic abnormalities, particularly alterations in body composition and fat distribution, may increase the risk for cardiovascular and metabolic complications, as well as reduce functional independence and lower self-esteem. Thus there is an urgent need to develop interventions intended to manage secondary side effects of HIV or antiretroviral therapy-related complications. In poly-treated patients, nonpharmacological interventions are a logical first step. Exercise training in particular may help alleviate some of the metabolic adverse effects associated with antiretroviral therapy by favourably altering body composition and patterns of body fat distribution. Studies have shown that exercise training, particularly aerobic training, can help reduce total body and visceral fat, as well as normalizing lipid profiles in HIV-infected patients. The results for resistance training, however, are less conclusive. Knowledge of the use of resistance and aerobic training and its attendant effects on insulin resistance and adipocytokines may represent an effective nonpharmacologic means for treating metabolic complications of HIV-infected persons who are receiving appropriate antiretroviral therapy. In this brief review we examine the effects of aerobic and resistance training on body composition, body fat distribution, and selected metabolic outcomes. Key words: lipodystrophy, highly active anti-retroviral therapy, aerobic training, resistance training

scholarly journals Unacylated ghrelin is associated with changes in body composition and body fat distribution during long-term exercise intervention

2011 ◽  
Vol 165 (2) ◽  
pp. 243-248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henna Cederberg ◽  
Ulla Rajala ◽  
Vesa-Matti Koivisto ◽  
Jari Jokelainen ◽  
Heljä-Marja Surcel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Exercise Performance ◽  
Exercise Intervention ◽  
Fat Distribution ◽  
Body Fat Distribution ◽  
Unacylated Ghrelin

ObjectiveGhrelin, a gut–brain peptide involved in energy homeostasis, circulates predominantly (>90%) in unacylated form. Previous studies, however, have focused on total and acylated ghrelin, and the role of unacylated ghrelin (UAG) is not well understood. Particularly, the association of UAG with weight loss and changes in body composition in adults remains unclear. We hypothesized that exercise-associated increase in UAG level is associated with weight loss, favorable changes in body composition, and body fat distribution.Design and methodsA prospective study of 552 young men (mean age 19.3 and range 19–28 years) undergoing military service with structured 6-month exercise training program. Exercise performance, body composition, and biochemical measurements were obtained at baseline and follow-up. Association between changes in UAG levels and body composition and body fat distribution were evaluated.ResultsAn increase in UAG level during the exercise intervention was associated with reduced weight, fat mass (FM), fat percentage (fat %), and waist circumference, but not with fat-free mass. Inverse associations of changes in UAG level with changes in waist circumference and fat % were independent of weight at baseline, and changes in weight and exercise performance. Associations of changes in UAG level with waist circumference were significantly stronger than with fat % after the adjustment for confounding variables.ConclusionUAG is associated with changes in body weight and body composition during an intensive long-term exercise intervention in young men. The association of UAG levels with changes in central obesity was stronger than with total FM.

Precedence of the shift of body-fat distribution over the change in body composition after menopause

2006 ◽  
Vol 32 (5) ◽  
pp. 513-516 ◽  
Author(s):  
Youichiro Morita ◽  
Ichiro Iwamoto ◽  
Nobuhisa Mizuma ◽  
Tomoki Kuwahata ◽  
Takashi Matsuo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Fat Distribution ◽  
Body Fat Distribution

scholarly journals Alterations in Growth and Body Composition During Puberty: III. Influence of Maturation, Gender, Body Composition, Fat Distribution, Aerobic Fitness, and Energy Expenditure on Nocturnal Growth Hormone Release1

1998 ◽  
Vol 83 (5) ◽  
pp. 1440-1447 ◽  
Author(s):  
James N. Roemmich ◽  
Pamela A. Clark ◽  
Vu Mai ◽  
Stuart S. Berr ◽  
Arthur Weltman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Aerobic Fitness ◽  
Compartment Model ◽  
Fat Distribution ◽  
Bone Age ◽  
Body Fat Distribution ◽  
Time Curve ◽  
And Gender

We examined the relationships among gender, sexual maturation, four-compartment model estimates of body composition, body fat distribution (magnetic resonance imaging for abdominal visceral fat and anthropometrics), aerobic fitness, basal and total energy expenditure, and overnight GH release in an ultrasensitive chemiluminescence assay in healthy prepubertal and pubertal boys (n = 18 and 11, respectively) and girls (n = 12 and 18, respectively). Blood samples were withdrawn every 10 min from 1800–0600 h to determine the area under the serum GH-time curve (AUC), sum of the GH peak heights (Σ GH peak heights), and the mean nadir GH concentration. GH release was greater in the pubertal than prepubertal subjects due to an increase in Σ GH peak heights (43.8 ± 3.6 vs. 24.1 ± 3.5 ng·mL−1, P = 0.0002) and mean nadir (1.7 ± 0.2 vs. 0.7 ± 0.2 ng·mL−1, P = 0.0002), but not peak number (4.3 ± 0.2 vs. 4.5 ± 0.2). The girls had a greater Σ GH peak heights (39.0 ± 3.5 vs. 28.8 ± 3.6 ng·mL−1, P = 0.05) and mean nadir concentration (1.4 ± 0.2 vs. 0.9 ± 0.2 ng·mL−1, P = 0.05) than the boys. Significant inverse relationships existed between Σ GH peak heights (r = −0.35, P = 0.06) or mean nadir (r = −0.39, P = 0.04) and four-compartment percent body fat for all boys but not for all girls or when combining all subjects. For all girls, significant inverse relationships existed between Σ GH peak heights (r = −0.39, P = 0.03) or mean nadir (r = −0.37, P = 0.04) and waist/hip ratio. Similar inverse relationships in all boys or all subjects were not significant. Forward stepwise regression analysis determined that bone age (i.e. maturation, primary factor) and gender were the significant predictors of AUC, Σ GH peak heights, and mean nadir. The influence of maturation reflects rising sex steroid concentrations, and the gender differences appear to be because of differences in estradiol concentrations rather than to body composition or body fat distribution.

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