scholarly journals Roles of Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) and superantigens on adaptive immune responses during CNS staphylococcal infection

2011 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 905-914 ◽  
Author(s):  
Debbie Vidlak ◽  
Monica M. Mariani ◽  
Amy Aldrich ◽  
Shuliang Liu ◽  
Tammy Kielian
Keyword(s):  
Immune Responses ◽  
Staphylococcal Infection ◽  
Toll Like Receptor ◽  
Adaptive Immune Responses ◽  
Adaptive Immune ◽  
Toll Like Receptor 2

scholarly journals Immunological effects of different types of synthetic CpG oligodeoxynucleotides on porcine cells

RSC Advances ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (68) ◽  
pp. 43289-43299 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruiqiao Li ◽  
Lilin Zhang ◽  
Peidian Shi ◽  
Hui Deng ◽  
Yi Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Responses ◽  
Animal Species ◽  
Toll Like Receptor ◽  
Adaptive Immune Responses ◽  
Cpg Oligodeoxynucleotides ◽  
Adaptive Immune ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Immunological Effects

The agonists of toll-like receptor 9, synthetic oligodeoxynucleotides (ODNs) containing CpG sequences, stimulate innate and adaptive immune responses in humans and a variety of animal species.

scholarly journals The Signal Peptide and Chaperone UNC93B1 Both Influence TLR8 Ectodomain Intracellular Endosomal Localization

Vaccines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 14
Author(s):  
Da Ao ◽  
Xueliang Liu ◽  
Sen Jiang ◽  
Yulin Xu ◽  
Wanglong Zheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Responses ◽  
Signal Peptide ◽  
Cellular Localization ◽  
Intracellular Localization ◽  
Toll Like Receptor ◽  
Adaptive Immune Responses ◽  
Post Translational Modifications ◽  
Adaptive Immune ◽  
Cellular Compartments ◽  
Shed Light

Toll-like receptor 8 (TLR8) is a single-stranded RNA sensing receptor and is localized in the cellular compartments, where it encounters foreign or self-nucleic acids and activates innate and adaptive immune responses. However, the mechanism controlling intracellular localization TLR8 is not completely resolved. We previously revealed the intracellular localization of TLR8 ectodomain (ECD), and in this study, we investigated the mechanism of the intracellular localization. Here we found that TLR8 ECDs from different species as well as ECDs from different TLRs are all intracellularly localized, similarly to the full-length porcine TLR8. Furthermore, porcine, bovine, and human TLR8 ECDs are all localized in cell endosomes, reflecting the cellular localization of TLR8. Intriguingly, none of post-translational modifications at single sites, including glycosylation, phosphorylation, ubiquitination, acetylation, and palmitoylation alter porcine TLR8-ECD endosomal localization. Nevertheless, the signal peptide of porcine TLR8-ECD determines its endosomal localization. On the other hand, signaling regulator UNC93B1 also decides the endosomal localization of porcine, bovine, and human TLR8 ECDs. The results from this study shed light on the mechanisms of not only TLR8 intracellular localization but also the TLR immune signaling.

Toll-like receptor control of the adaptive immune responses

2004 ◽  
Vol 5 (10) ◽  
pp. 987-995 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akiko Iwasaki ◽  
Ruslan Medzhitov
Keyword(s):  
Immune Responses ◽  
Toll Like Receptor ◽  
Adaptive Immune Responses ◽  
Adaptive Immune

scholarly journals Determinants of Divergent Adaptive Immune Responses after Airway Sensitization with Ligands of Toll-Like Receptor 5 or Toll-Like Receptor 9

PLoS ONE ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. e0167693 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda M. Lee ◽  
Ming Ji ◽  
Meenal Sinha ◽  
Matthew B. Dong ◽  
Xin Ren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Responses ◽  
Toll Like Receptor ◽  
Adaptive Immune Responses ◽  
Adaptive Immune ◽  
Toll Like Receptor 5
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