(102) NGF mediated long-lasting changes in central nervous system in neonatal maternal separation induced-visceral hyperalgesia

This study investigated the combined effect of neonatal maternal separation and acute psychological stress on pain responses in adult rats. Long-Evans dams and their male pups were reared under two conditions: 1) 180 min daily maternal separation (MS180) on postnatal days 2–14 or 2) no handling or separation (NH). At 2 mo of age, visceromotor responses to graded intensities of phasic colorectal distension (10–80 mmHg) at baseline as well as following acute 60 min water avoidance stress (WA) were significantly higher in MS180 rats. Both groups showed similar stress-induced visceral hyperalgesia in the presence of naloxone (20 mg/kg ip). MS180 rats had smaller stress-induced cutaneous analgesia in the tail-flick test compared with NH rats, with a residual naloxone-resistant component. MS180 rats showed an enhanced fecal pellet output following WA or exposure to a novel environment. These data suggest that early life events predispose adult Long-Evans rats to develop visceral hyperalgesia, reduced somatic analgesia, and increased colonic motility in response to an acute psychological stressor, mimicking the cardinal features of irritable bowel syndrome.

Download Full-text

Faculty Opinions recommendation of The analgesic effect of paeoniflorin on neonatal maternal separation-induced visceral hyperalgesia in rats.

Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature ◽

10.3410/f.1104888.560984 ◽

2008 ◽

Author(s):

Yvette Taché

Keyword(s):

Analgesic Effect ◽

Maternal Separation ◽

Visceral Hyperalgesia ◽

Neonatal Maternal Separation

Download Full-text

Anxiolytic and antioxidant effects of Euterpe oleracea Mart. (açaí) seed extract in adult rat offspring submitted to periodic maternal separation

Applied Physiology Nutrition and Metabolism ◽

10.1139/apnm-2020-0099 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 45 (11) ◽

pp. 1277-1286

Author(s):

Graziele Freitas de Bem ◽

Anicet Okinga ◽

Dayane Teixeira Ognibene ◽

Cristiane Aguiar da Costa ◽

Izabelle Barcellos Santos ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Central Nervous System ◽

Nervous System ◽

Brain Stem ◽

Maternal Separation ◽

Seed Extract ◽

Euterpe Oleracea ◽

The Central Nervous System ◽

The Brain ◽

Antioxidant Effects ◽

Pituitary Adrenal Axis

Many studies suggest a protective role of phenolic compounds in mood disorders. We aimed to assess the effect of Euterpe oleracea (açaí) seed extract (ASE) on anxiety induced by periodic maternal separation (PMS) in adult male rats. Animals were divided into 6 groups: control, ASE, fluoxetine (FLU), PMS, PMS+ASE, and PMS+FLU. For PMS, pups were separated daily from the dam for 3 h between postnatal day (PN) 2 and PN21. ASE (200 mg·kg−1·day−1) and FLU (10 mg·kg−1·day−1) were administered by gavage for 34 days after stress induction, starting at PN76. At PN106 and PN108, the rats were submitted to open field (OF) and forced swim tests, respectively. At PN110, the rats were sacrificed by decapitation. ASE increased time spent in the center area in the OF test, glucocorticoid receptors in the hypothalamus, tropomyosin receptor kinase B (TRKB) levels in the hippocampus, and nitrite levels and antioxidant activity in the brain stem (PMS+ASE group compared with PMS group). ASE also reduced plasma corticotropin-releasing hormone levels, adrenal norepinephrine levels, and oxidative damage in the brain stem in adult male offspring submitted to PMS. In conclusion, ASE treatment has an anti-anxiety effect in rats submitted to PMS by reducing hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis reactivity and increasing the nitric oxide (NO)–brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)–TRKB pathway and antioxidant defense in the central nervous system. Novelty ASE has anti-anxiety and antioxidant effects in early-life stress. ASE reduces hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis reactivity. The anxiolytic effect of ASE may involve activation of the NO–BDNF–TRKB pathway in the central nervous system.

Download Full-text

Effects of neonatal maternal separation on the colonic motility and enteric nervous system of adult rats

Journal of the Neurological Sciences ◽

10.1016/j.jns.2017.08.2577 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 381 ◽

pp. 916-917

Author(s):

B. Li ◽

C.K.Y. Cheung ◽

J.A. Rudd ◽

J.C.Y. Wu ◽

W.Y. Chan

Keyword(s):

Nervous System ◽

Enteric Nervous System ◽

Maternal Separation ◽

Colonic Motility ◽

Adult Rats ◽

Neonatal Maternal Separation

Download Full-text

Neurotropic enteroviruses co-opt “fair-weather-friend” commensal gut microbiota to drive host infection and central nervous system disturbances

Behavioral and Brain Sciences ◽

10.1017/s0140525x18002741 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 42 ◽

Author(s):

Kevin B. Clark

Keyword(s):

Central Nervous System ◽

Nervous System ◽

Gut Bacteria ◽

Infection Cycle ◽

Fair Weather ◽

Host Health ◽

Microbe Interactions ◽

Animal Hosts ◽

Host Infection ◽

Neuropsychiatric Conditions

Abstract Some neurotropic enteroviruses hijack Trojan horse/raft commensal gut bacteria to render devastating biomimicking cryptic attacks on human/animal hosts. Such virus-microbe interactions manipulate hosts’ gut-brain axes with accompanying infection-cycle-optimizing central nervous system (CNS) disturbances, including severe neurodevelopmental, neuromotor, and neuropsychiatric conditions. Co-opted bacteria thus indirectly influence host health, development, behavior, and mind as possible “fair-weather-friend” symbionts, switching from commensal to context-dependent pathogen-like strategies benefiting gut-bacteria fitness.

Download Full-text