Chemical susceptibility testing of non-tuberculous mycobacterium strains and other aquatic bacteria: Results of a study for the development of a more sensitive and simple method for the detection of NTM in environmental samples

2022 ◽  
pp. 106405
Author(s):  
Savina Ditommaso ◽  
Monica Giacomuzzi ◽  
Gabriele Memoli ◽  
Jacopo Garlasco ◽  
Antonio Curtoni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Samples ◽  
Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Aquatic Bacteria

scholarly journals Longitudinal Characterization and Transmission Dynamics of Antibiotic-Resistant Organisms in an ICU (LOCATE AROs)

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. s42-s43
Author(s):  
Kimberley Sukhum ◽  
Candice Cass ◽  
Meghan Wallace ◽  
Caitlin Johnson ◽  
Steven Sax ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽  
Environmental Samples ◽  
Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Marrow Transplant ◽  
Transmission Dynamics ◽  
Hospital Environment ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Clonal Group ◽  
Communal Areas

Background: Healthcare-associated infections caused by antibiotic-resistant organisms (AROs) are a major cause of significant morbidity and mortality. To create and optimize infection prevention strategies, it is crucial to delineate the role of the environment and clinical infections. Methods: Over a 14-month period, we collected environmental samples, patient feces, and patient bloodstream infection (BSI) isolates in a newly built bone marrow transplant (BMT) intensive care unit (ICU). Samples were collected from 13 high-touch areas in the patient room and 4 communal areas. Samples were collected from the old BMT ICU, in the new BMT ICU before patients moved in, and for 1 year after patients moved in. Selective microbiologic culture was used to isolate AROs, and whole-genome sequencing (WGS) was used to determine clonality. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed using Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion assays. Using linear mixed modeling, we compared ARO recovery across time and sample area. Results: AROs were collected and cultured from environmental samples, patient feces, and BSI isolates (Fig. 1a). AROs were found both before and after a patient entered the ICU (Fig. 1b). Sink drains had significantly more AROs recovered per sample than any other surface area (P < .001) (Fig. 1c). The most common ARO isolates were Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Stenotrophomonas maltophila (Fig. 1d). The new BMT ICU had fewer AROs recovered per sample than the old BMT ICU (P < .001) and no increase in AROs recovered over the first year of opening (P > .05). Furthermore, there was no difference before versus after patients moved into the hospital (P > .05). Antibiotic susceptibility testing reveal that P. aeruginosa isolates recovered from the old ICU were resistant to more antibiotics than isolates recovered from the new ICU (Fig. 2a). ANI and clonal analyses of P. aeruginosa revealed a large cluster of clonal isolates (34 of 76) (Fig. 2b). This clonal group included isolates found before patients moved into the BMT ICU and patient blood isolates. Furthermore, this clonal group was initially found in only 1 room in the BMT ICU, and over 26 weeks, it was found in sink drains in all 6 rooms sampled (Fig. 2b). Conclusions: AROs are present before patients move into a new BMT ICU, and sink drains act as a reservoir for AROs over time. Furthermore, sink-drain P. aeruginosa isolates are clonally related to isolates found in patient BSIs. Overall, these results provide insight into ARO transmission dynamics in the hospital environment.Funding: Research reported in this publication was supported by the Washington University Institute of Clinical and Translational Sciences grant UL1TR002345 from the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS) of the National Institutes of Health (NIH). The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official view of the NIH.Disclosures: None

A simple method for determining non-ortho substituted PCBs in Kanechlors, Aroclors and environmental samples

Chemosphere ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 16 (8-9) ◽  
pp. 1631-1634 ◽  
Author(s):  
Narayanan Kannan ◽  
Shinsuke Tanabe ◽  
Tadaaki Wakimoto ◽  
Ryo Tatsukawa
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Samples ◽  
Simple Method

An efficient and simple method using a graphite oxide electrochemical sensor for the determination of glyphosate in environmental samples

2020 ◽  
Vol 749 ◽  
pp. 142385 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaqueline S. Santos ◽  
Montcharles S. Pontes ◽  
Etenaldo F. Santiago ◽  
Antonio R. Fiorucci ◽  
Gilberto J. Arruda
Keyword(s):  
Electrochemical Sensor ◽  
Graphite Oxide ◽  
Environmental Samples ◽  
Simple Method

Monitoring of microbial diversity by fluorescence in situ hybridization and fluorescence spectrometry

2003 ◽  
Vol 47 (5) ◽  
pp. 133-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Ivanov ◽  
S.T.-L. Tay ◽  
J.-H. Tay
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Environmental Samples ◽  
Specific Binding ◽  
Oligonucleotide Probes ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Total Binding ◽  
Unlabeled Probe ◽  
Microbial Groups

The goal of the research was the development of a simple method to quantify microbial groups in environmental samples. Fluorescence intensity was measured in the sample before and after whole cell fluorescence in situ hybridization with rRNA-targeted, fluorochrome-labeled oligonucleotide probes. To determine specific and non-specific binding of different oligonucleotide probes the following approaches have been used: (1) incubation of the sample with probes at two different temperatures; (2) hybridization of labeled probe in the presence of unlabeled probe; (3) incubation of the sample with labeled specific probe or labeled nonsense probe. Specific binding (hybridization) of the probe was calculated as the difference between total binding and non-specific binding of the probe. Specific binding was 40-50% of total binding in the environmental samples tested. The ratio of the specific binding of different probes may be used to quantify the ratio of different microbial groups in the environmental samples. This quantification is suitable for the microbiological monitoring of microbial aggregates because it is a simple technique and the results can be measured by a portable fluorometer.

scholarly journals Beating the Bio-Terror Threat with Rapid Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 1535
Author(s):  
Shahar Rotem ◽  
Ida Steinberger-Levy ◽  
Ofir Israeli ◽  
Eran Zahavy ◽  
Ronit Aloni-Grinstein
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽  
Environmental Samples ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Development Stage ◽  
Post Exposure Prophylaxis ◽  
Bacterial Agent ◽  
Susceptibility Tests ◽  
Exposure Prophylaxis ◽  
And Control

A bioterror event using an infectious bacterium may lead to catastrophic outcomes involving morbidity and mortality as well as social and psychological stress. Moreover, a bioterror event using an antibiotic resistance engineered bacterial agent may raise additional concerns. Thus, preparedness is essential to preclude and control the dissemination of the bacterial agent as well as to appropriately and promptly treat potentially exposed individuals or patients. Rates of morbidity, death, and social anxiety can be drastically reduced if the rapid delivery of antimicrobial agents for post-exposure prophylaxis and treatment is initiated as soon as possible. Availability of rapid antibiotic susceptibility tests that may provide key recommendations to targeted antibiotic treatment is mandatory, yet, such tests are only at the development stage. In this review, we describe the recently published rapid antibiotic susceptibility tests implemented on bioterror bacterial agents and discuss their assimilation in clinical and environmental samples.

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