How structural differences influence cross-model consistency: An electric sector case study

2021 ◽  
Vol 144 ◽  
pp. 111009
Author(s):  
S.M. Cohen ◽  
G.C. Iyer ◽  
M. Brown ◽  
J. Macknick ◽  
M. Wise ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Model ◽  
Electric Sector ◽  
Model Consistency ◽  
Structural Differences

scholarly journals Predicting voice choice in symmetrical voice languages

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonja Riesberg ◽  
Maria Bardají i Farré ◽  
Kurt Malcher ◽  
Nikolaus P. Himmelmann
Keyword(s):  
Spoken Discourse ◽  
Functional Differences ◽  
Structural Differences ◽  
Symmetrical Voice ◽  
Voice Systems

Abstract Western Austronesian symmetrical voice languages exhibit at least two basic transitive constructions. This paper investigates what factors influence speakers’ choice of one voice over another in natural spoken discourse. It provides a thorough assessment of all factors that have been proposed to be relevant for voice choice in the literature on symmetrical voice systems. Using the Indonesian language Totoli as a case study, we show that unlike in languages with asymmetrical voice alternations, argument-related properties such as topicality, activation state, animacy, etc. do not play a major role in voice choice in symmetrical voice languages. We argue that for symmetrical voice alternations other factor groups are relevant than for asymmetrical voice alternations and that the clear structural differences between the two alternation types are mirrored in functional differences.

ACHIEVING MANUFACTURING FLEXIBILITY: THE ROLE OF PEOPLE, TECHNOLOGY, INNOVATION AND CONTINUOUS IMPROVEMENT

2010 ◽  
Vol 07 (02) ◽  
pp. 161-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
HAIRULLIZA MOHAMAD JUDI ◽  
ROGER BEACH
Keyword(s):  
Continuous Improvement ◽  
Technology Innovation ◽  
Multiple Case Study ◽  
Manufacturing Flexibility ◽  
Research Model ◽  
Manufacturing Companies ◽  
Electric Sector ◽  
Multiple Case

This study examines the contribution of a pair of opposite factors: technology versus people, and innovation vs. continuous improvement to obtain manufacturing flexibility. These factors are opposing as they play different roles in TQM and BPR. An exploratory multiple case study was conducted that involves three Malaysian manufacturing companies from electronic and electric sector. The results show that flexibility could not be achieved through technology solely, but by combining technology with people, the required outcome is attainable. By applying innovation and continuous improvement simultaneously, it will yield better flexibility than if only one of them was used. The contribution of these factors in the selected manufacturing setting could guide practitioners to obtain flexibility and verify the research model that could be tested further in a survey.

Serving two masters

2013 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 534-565 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hendrik De Smet ◽  
Freek Van de Velde
Keyword(s):  
Word Order ◽  
Contrastive Analysis ◽  
Free Relatives ◽  
Form Function ◽  
First Case ◽  
Structural Differences ◽  
Syntactic Status ◽  
Eventual Outcome

This paper examines two cases of so-called syntactic amalgams. In syntactic amalgams a particular string that is shared by two constructions is exploited to combine them, in such a way that one of the constructions functions as a modifier of the other. Typical examples are after God knows how many years (< after many years + God knows how many years) and a big enough house (< a big house + big enough). In formal theories, these kinds of constructions have been insightfully described as ‘grafts’. However, the exact process through which these amalgams arise remains unexplored. When studied closely, these processes reveal form–function friction not fully accounted for by the graft metaphor. Syntactic amalgams typically serve a subjective function and have been recruited for this purpose. However, because they consist of a syntagm that is still internally parsable, they tend to resist full reanalysis. More precisely, their original syntax continues to constrain their use. As such, amalgams get caught between their original syntax, which remains transparent, and their new function, which suggests a new syntactic status. This appears clearly from contrastive studies of amalgams in Dutch and English that are functionally similar but whose use is constrained in different ways due to structural differences between the two languages. Our first case study deals with the Dutch and English amalgam wie weet / who knows. A contrastive analysis of the development of the respective items shows both the conservative effect of the origin of change and the attraction exerted by the target of change. The second case we discuss in detail involves so-called transparent free relatives. A contrastive analysis shows the role of the overall grammar of a language in licensing change, in this case with Dutch word order posing more difficulties to the new focusing function of transparent free relatives. In general, both case studies show the formation of syntactic amalgams to be sensitive to system pressures both in the course of their development and in the eventual outcome of change.

Patterns and scales of expressive palatalization: Experimental evidence from Japanese

2011 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 345-376 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexei Kochetov ◽  
John Alderete
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Evidence ◽  
Native Speaker ◽  
Sound Symbolism ◽  
Acoustic Properties ◽  
Linguistic Patterns ◽  
Structural Differences ◽  
The Cross

This article argues for the existence of expressive palatalization (E-Pal) – a phonologically unmotivated process that applies in sound symbolism, diminutive constructions, and babytalk registers. It is proposed that E-Pal is grounded in iconic sound-meaning associations exploiting acoustic properties of palatalized consonants and thus is inherently different from regular phonological palatalization (P-Pal). A cross-linguistic survey of patterns of E-Pal in 37 languages shows that it exhibits a set of properties different from P-Pal. The case study focuses on patterns of palatalization in Japanese mimetic vocabulary and babytalk. Two experiments testing native speaker intuitions of these patterns revealed that both patterns exhibit place and manner asymmetries typical of cross-linguistic patterns of E-Pal. The cross-linguistic survey, the two experiments, and analysis of the origins and structural differences of E-Pal and P-Pal provide strong empirical and theoretical motivation to distinguish the two.

scholarly journals The pentafluorophenyl group as π-acceptor for anions: a case study

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 354-359 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Giese ◽  
Markus Albrecht ◽  
Arto Valkonen ◽  
Kari Rissanen
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Structural Study ◽  
Structural Differences ◽  
Solid State Structures

A unique structural study investigates the variability of anion–π bonding in the solid state structures of pentafluorophenyl arenes. The hapticity concept is used as tool to describe the structural differences of various anion–π complexes.

THE REFORMATION AND THE BOOK: A RECONSIDERATION

2004 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 785-808 ◽  
Author(s):  
ANDREW PETTEGREE ◽  
MATTHEW HALL
Keyword(s):  
Individual Case ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Press ◽  
The Reformation ◽  
Structural Differences ◽  
German Model ◽  
Book World ◽  
Print Cultures

Perceptions of the role of the book in the Reformation are shaped by our knowledge of the German print world during the first decades of Protestant expansion. All indications point to evangelical domination of the press in the years when Luther first became a public figure, when the printed book undoubtedly played a crucial role in the dissemination of the evangelical message, and printing enjoyed a period of exuberant growth. But it is by no means certain that assumptions derived from this German model hold good for other parts of Europe. This article re-examines the German paradigm of book and Reformation in the light of two recent bibliographical projects. The first, a trial survey of publishing outputs throughout Europe, demonstrates that the different regional print cultures that made up the European book world were organized in radically contrasting ways. These structural differences were highly significant from the point of view of assisting or impeding the output of controversial literature. The lessons from this survey are then applied to an individual case study, France, which, it emerges, deviated from the German model in almost every particular. Together these two sets of data force us to call into question the natural affinity between print and Protestantism suggested by the German paradigm.

Is Institutional Democracy a Good Proxy for Model Independence?

2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (23) ◽  
pp. 8301-8316 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Leduc ◽  
René Laprise ◽  
Ramón de Elía ◽  
Leo Šeparović
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Model Comparison ◽  
Climate Models ◽  
Regional Climate ◽  
Burden Of Proof ◽  
Climate Projections ◽  
Climate Change Projections ◽  
Cross Model ◽  
Structural Differences ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Climate models developed within a given research group or institution are prone to share structural similarities, which may induce resembling features in their simulations of the earth’s climate. This assertion, known as the “same-center hypothesis,” is investigated here using a subsample of CMIP3 climate projections constructed by retaining only the models originating from institutions that provided more than one model (or model version). The contributions of individual modeling centers to this ensemble are first presented in terms of climate change projections. A metric for climate change disagreement is then defined to analyze the impact of typical structural differences (such as resolution, parameterizations, or even entire atmosphere and ocean components) on regional climate projections. This metric is compared to a present climate performance metric (correlation of error patterns) within a cross-model comparison framework in terms of their abilities to identify the same-center models. Overall, structural differences between the pairs of same-center models have a stronger impact on climate change projections than on how models reproduce the observed climate. The same-center criterion is used to detect agreements that might be attributable to model similarities and thus that should not be interpreted as implying greater confidence in a given result. It is proposed that such noninformative agreements should be discarded from the ensemble, unless evidence shows that these models can be assumed to be independent. Since this burden of proof is not generally met by the centers participating in a multimodel ensemble, the authors propose an ensemble-weighting scheme based on the assumption of institutional democracy to prevent overconfidence in climate change projections.

Understanding the response of tropical cyclone structure to the assimilation of synthetic wind profiles

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa R. Bucci ◽  
Sharanya J. Majumdar ◽  
Robert Atlas ◽  
G. David Emmitt ◽  
Steve Greco
Keyword(s):  
Tropical Cyclone ◽  
Inner Core ◽  
Error Statistics ◽  
Once Daily ◽  
Structural Differences ◽  
Wind Profiles ◽  
Parent Domain ◽  
Mean Square Errors

AbstractThis study examines how varying wind profile coverages in the tropical cyclone (TC) core, near-environment and broader synoptic environment affect the structure and evolution of a simulated Atlantic hurricane through data assimilation. Three sets of observing system simulation experiments (OSSEs) are examined in this paper. The first experiment establishes a benchmark for the case study specific to the forecast system used by assimilating idealized profiles throughout the parent domain. The second presents how TC analyses and forecasts respond to varying the coverage of swaths produced by polar-orbiting satellites of idealized wind profiles. The final experiment assesses the role of TC inner-core observations by systematically removing them radially from the center. All observations are simulated from a high-resolution regional “Nature Run” of a hurricane and the tropical atmosphere, assimilated an Ensemble Square-Root Kalman Filter and the Hurricane Weather and Research Forecast (HWRF) regional model. Results compare observation impact to the analyses, domain-wide and TC centric error statistics, and TC structural differences among the experiments. The study concludes that the most accurate TC representation is a result of the assimilation of collocated and uniform thermodynamic and kinematics observations. Intensity forecasts are improved with increased inner core wind observations, even if the observations are only available once daily. Domain-wide root-mean-square errors are significantly reduced when the TC is observed during a period of structural change, like rapid intensification. The experiments suggest the importance of wind observations and the role of inner-core surveillance when analyzing and forecasting realistic TC structure.

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