Pathological gambling and behavior addiction in adulthood

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S2) ◽  
pp. 95-95
Author(s):  
L. Romo ◽  
A. Morvannou ◽  
N. Cheze ◽  
C. Legauffre ◽  
C. Lucas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Young People ◽  
Problem Gambling ◽  
Pathological Gambling ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Professional Schools ◽  
Problematic Use ◽  
Young Adult Population ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Assessment Scales

Gambling behaviors of young adults may begin in adolescence and continue or even worsen in adulthood (Goudriaan et al., 2009).Even if the young adult population is not an homogeneous group, studies show that almost 5% of young people, against 1% in general population showed pathological gambling (Dyke, 2009)Our objective was to study the presence of problem gambling among a population of young adults in professional-schools.We included 629 people, average age 20 and 66.4% of men. We used a battery of assessment scales of consumption of alcohol, tobacco, cannabis, pathological gambling, compulsive shopping, video games addiction, anxiety and depression.The results show a prevalence of 1.6% of young people with a score of pathological gambling in the Canadian Problem Gambling Index (CPGI) and 7% with a score of problematic use.The findings regarding depression, anxiety and other dependencies will be discussed.

Effect of Administration Method on Near Point of Convergence Scores in a Healthy, Active, Young Adult Population

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 156-161
Author(s):  
Jacqueline Phillips ◽  
Kelly Cheever ◽  
Jamie McKeon ◽  
Ryan Tierney
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Young Adult ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Young Adult Population ◽  
Administration Method ◽  
Administration Methods

Near point of convergence (NPC) is an emerging concussion assessment tool and researchers have reported NPC scores using different administration methods which may influence assessment interpretation. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of different administrative methods on NPC scores in healthy, active young adults. NPC was measured using two different accommodative rulers and a fingertip, with three different placements. No significant difference in NPC score was observed between rulers. Significant differences were observed between ruler placements. Furthermore, fingertip use was significantly different compared to all ruler placements.

Relationship between Alcohol Consumption and Alcohol Problems in Young Adults

1987 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 261-276 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chudley E. Werch ◽  
Dean R. Gorman ◽  
Phillip J. Marty
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Alcohol Problems ◽  
Population Total ◽  
Total Alcohol ◽  
Program Content ◽  
Young Adult Population ◽  
Heavy Alcohol Use

The relationships among alcohol problems and alcohol consumption variables including quantity-frequency (Q-F) classifications, frequency of alcohol use, quantity of alcohol use, and beverage types, were examined in a young adult population. Total alcohol-related problems, drinking and driving problems, and school problems increased significantly when young adults drank moderately. Certain types of problems, however, appear to be more or less associated with alcohol consumption. For example, physical illness problems increased during light drinking, while interpersonal and legal problems increased during moderate-heavy and heavy alcohol use, respectively. Virtually no differences were found on alcohol problems for drinking classifications between sexes. Both the frequency and quantity of beer and liquor use were found to be positively associated with alcohol problems. The relationship between the frequency and quantity of wine use and alcohol problems, however, was less strong and more dissonant. In general, alcohol problems were found to be related to relatively low levels of frequency and quantity of alcohol consumption. Specific suggestions regarding substance abuse prevention program content and models were also discussed.

Young adults and wine consumption a qualitative application of the theory of planned behavior

2014 ◽  
Vol 116 (5) ◽  
pp. 832-848 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Patrícia Silva ◽  
Isabel Figueiredo ◽  
Tim Hogg ◽  
Miguel Sottomayor
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Young People ◽  
Theory Of Planned Behavior ◽  
Planned Behavior ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Subjective Norms ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Wine Consumption ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Attitudes And Behavior

Purpose – The aim of this study is to identify perceptions, attitudes and behavior of young adults concerning wine consumption, using the “theory of planned behavior” as a theoretical framework. Design/methodology/approach – The aim of this study is to identify perceptions, attitudes and behavior of young adults concerning wine consumption, using the “theory of planned behavior” as a theoretical framework. Findings – The major findings are that attitudes and subjective norms are, apparently, the components with most influence on behavior of young people in relation to wine consumption. For the consumers group, attitudes seem to be the most crucial component, especially the “interest in alcohol”. They drink it in special occasions for sociability and to disinhibit. Regarding the non-consumers group, the main attitude is “dislike taste”. Also the subjective norms, are very present, especially parents, society, friends and publicity, in consumers group. The non-consumers have the perception of greater parental induction to not consume wine. No significant differences were found between gender or educational system. Research limitations/implications – Concerning the results, a limited, convenience sample, was employed and this is assumedly an exploratory study. Therefore the results cannot be considered to represent a broad section of the groups studied. Still sample related, only Portuguese young adults students were studied. Social implications – This research can contribute not only for the knowledge relating to Portugal as a wine consuming environment but also to the general area of attitudes and perceptions of young people towards moderate wine consumption. As today young adults, novice or potential wine consumers will be the next generation of wine consumers, it can be beneficial for wine marketers to focus on this target population aiming at exploring further their engagement with wine. Originality/value – This research has an originally approach to wine consumption by young adults once it focus and explore the non-problematic behavior of young adults about wine consumption. The results of this study can contribute to the development of targeted advertising and publicity of the wine industry, in order to promote moderate wine consumption among young adults.

scholarly journals How are Young Adults in Pakistan dealing with COVID-19: An Online Survey Assessing the Impact of Demographic Characteristics and Sources of Information on Awareness and Behaviors

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ria Angeline Martins ◽  
Russell Seth Martins ◽  
Syeda Maryam Zehra Zaidi ◽  
Scheryar Saqib ◽  
Aiman Ahmed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Young Adult ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Close Contact ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Young Adult Population ◽  
And Behaviors ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background:The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has impacted a large majority of Pakistan’s population, with one particular demographic of stakeholders being the country’s young adult population. Our study looks to understand levels COVID-19-related awareness, perceptions, and behaviors, and sources of COVID-19-related knowledge, amongst Pakistan’s young adult population.Methods:This survey was conducted by the Aga Khan University over July-October 2020, via a Google Form disseminated on multiple social media platforms. All respondents aged between 18-35 years and currently residing in Pakistan were included.Results:The questionnaire received a total of 406 responses with the respondents having a mean age of 25.15 ± 5.80 years. 52.5% of the respondents were currently students. The vast majority relied on social media (83.7%), internet blogs/websites (83.3%) and newspapers/television (70.7%) as major sources of information regarding COVID-19. The highest percentage of individuals believed spread was possible through contaminated surfaces (95.3%), while 86.4% believed spread was possible via inhalation of droplets, and 52.0% via close contact with asymptomatic individuals. Alarmingly, 21.9% believed that transmission was possible through contact with packages shipped from China, and 16% believed COVID-19 could be contracted by eating food in Chinese restaurants. Moreover, 24.1% believed COVID-19 to be a biological weapon designed in a laboratory, while 23.9% were unsure.Conclusions: Our survey revealed some deficiencies in the understanding of transmission of SARS-CoV-2, along with racial biases and the prevalence of misinformation. Since young adults play an important role in the global response to the pandemic, our study suggests interventions that target the young adults in Pakistan in an attempt to increase their awareness about the pandemic and help them cope with its effects.

scholarly journals An Online Study of Suicidality and its Determinants among Nigerian Young Adults Resident in China During the COVID-19 Pandemic

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 261-267
Author(s):  
T. Opakunle ◽  
O. Aloba ◽  
M. Adebisi
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Suicide Attempt ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Online Study ◽  
Mental Health Interventions ◽  
Young Adult Population

Objective: The outbreak of coronavirus pandemic has affected millions of people globally. This has subsequently triggered diverse mental health  challenges. This study examined the prevalence as well as the determinants of suicidality among Nigerian young adults resident in China.Method: This is an online-based cross-sectional survey involving 364 Nigerian young adults in China. Sociodemographic and suicidality related  variables were collected. The respondents also completed the 7-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder Questionnaire and the 5-item Brief Symptom Rating Scales.Results: The prevalence rates of suicidal ideation and suicide attempt as a result of the pandemic were 8.2% and 2.5% respectively. A total of 188(51.6%) respondents had anxiety. Suicidality was associated with anxiety and psychological distress.Conclusion: Suicidality is relatively common among the Nigerian young adult population in China during the COVID-19 pandemic. Mental health interventions in terms of screening for suicidality and its determinants may need to be developed for Nigerian young adults in China during this pandemic. Keywords: Suicidality, Suicidal ideation, Suicide attempt, Covid-19 pandemic, Nigerian adults

Comparison of the Predictive Capacity of the Erotophobia–Erotophilia and the Attitudes Toward Sexual Behaviors in the Sexual Experience of Young Adults

2017 ◽  
Vol 121 (5) ◽  
pp. 815-830 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Blanc Molina ◽  
Pablo Sayans-Jiménez ◽  
Jorge Luis Ordóñez-Carrasco ◽  
Antonio José Rojas Tejada
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Sexual Behaviors ◽  
Sexual Experience ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Empirical Support ◽  
Risky Behaviors ◽  
Snowball Sampling ◽  
Predictive Capacity ◽  
Sexually Risky ◽  
And Behavior

The prediction of sexual behaviors in emerging adult population is important because the number of sexually active individuals is high, and many young adults engage in sexually risky behaviors. Attitudes are an effective way to predict behaviors. The attitude–behavior relation is stronger when both attitude and behavior are measured at equivalent levels of specificity. The aim of this study was to provide empirical support of the Attitudes toward Sexual Behaviors Scale (ASBS) predictive capacity for the sexual experience (number of different sexual behaviors performed) as well as to compare it with the Sexual Opinion Survey (SOS; erotophobia–erotophilia dimension) predictive capacity. Participants were 632 heterosexual young adults (57.8% were women) of Spanish nationality aged 18 to 30 years, selected by incidental and snowball sampling. Sociodemographic questions, the ASBS, the SOS, and a checklist about sexual experience were administered online. When the age and sex variables were controlled, the ASBS predictive capacity for the sexual experience was found to be greater than the SOS predictive capacity in both young men and women. These results might be explained by the higher correspondence in the sexual experience measure (specific sexual behaviors) with the ASBS than with the SOS.

scholarly journals Cognitive Distraction at Mealtime Decreases Amount Consumed in Healthy Young Adults: A Randomized Crossover Exploratory Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 150 (5) ◽  
pp. 1324-1329
Author(s):  
Carli A Liguori ◽  
Cassandra J Nikolaus ◽  
Sharon M Nickols-Richardson
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Visual Information ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Rest Period ◽  
Task Assignment ◽  
Absolute Difference ◽  
Initial Condition ◽  
Cognitive Distraction ◽  
Young Adult Population ◽  
Analogue Scales

ABSTRACT Background Environmental distractions have been shown to affect eating patterns. Objective The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of a cognitive distraction on amount, preference, and memory of food consumed and perceptions of fullness, hunger, and enjoyment of food in a healthy young-adult population. Methods A randomized controlled crossover study of 119 healthy adults (20.2 ± 1.4 y; 57% women; 48% white) assigned participants to begin under either the distracted (DIS, n = 55) or control (CON, n = 64) conditions. DIS participants consumed a meal of quiche while completing a Rapid Visual Information Processing (RVIP) for 15 min. CON participants ate without any task assignment. After a 30-min rest period, participants were offered a snack and given 5 min to eat ad libitum. Participants completed a survey assessing fullness, hunger, and enjoyment of the meal using 100 mm visual analogue scales. One week later, participants completed the opposite condition. Data were analyzed using ANOVA. Results Those in DIS consumed 13 g less of the meal (P < 0.001), even when comparing by initial condition (P < 0.001) and adjusting for sex (P < 0.001). A carryover effect of initial condition was found (P < 0.001), such that participants first assigned to DIS condition consumed less (95.2 ± 61.7 g) when distracted compared to all other condition combinations (127–133 g). Those in DIS had decreased accuracy for both memory of quiche received (absolute difference, 1.1 ± 1.6 compared with 0.7 ± 1.2 for CON, P < 0.001) and memory of quiche consumed (0.8 ± 1.1 for DIS compared with 0.7 ± 1.2 for CON, P = 0.007). Conclusions When distracted, healthy young adults consumed significantly less food and their memory of the meal was dampened. These findings underscore the potential importance of cognitive distraction in affecting food intake. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT04078607.

Speech Breathing in Young Adults

1993 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 657-671 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie A. Y. Manifold ◽  
Bruce E. Murdoch
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Chest Wall ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Relative Volume ◽  
Group Differences ◽  
Body Type ◽  
Kinematic Behavior ◽  
Syllable Repetition ◽  
Speech Breathing ◽  
Young Adult Population

Chest wall kinematic records were obtained from 60 healthy young adults aged 18 to 23 years using a strain-gauge belt pneumograph transduction system. Recordings were taken with the subjects seated in an upright position for measurement of general respiratory function and speech breathing. The 30 males and 30 females also underwent analysis of body type and spirometric assessment. The present study aimed to investigate normative variations in speech breathing kinematics as a function of body type. Measurements of lung volume levels were referenced to two kinematic respiratory points (the 0% limit and resting-end expiratory level) and relative volume displacement of the rib cage and abdomen. Various other assessments of connected speech were analyzed for each subject. Results gathered from four speech tasks (vowel prolongation, syllable repetition, counting, and reading) indicated that an analysis of the three major subdivisions of body type (endomorphy, mesomorphy, ectomorphy) did not show any between-group differences. Further analysis of six subdivisions from the three major subdivisions of body type groups showed few between-group differences. The present investigation provides clinicians and researchers with a comprehensive analysis of the speech breathing characteristics of the young adult population. The need for comparative studies and research into the different methods of assessing chest wall kinematic behavior during speech breathing is highlighted.

scholarly journals Inflammation-related plasma protein levels and association with adiposity measurements in young adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Susanna Klevebro ◽  
Sophia Björkander ◽  
Sandra Ekström ◽  
Simon K. Merid ◽  
Olena Gruzieva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Potential Effect ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Percentage Body Fat ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Young Adult Population ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Specific Proteins ◽  
Obese Subjects

AbstractObesity-related inflammation is associated with cardiovascular, metabolic, and pulmonary diseases. The aim of this study was to demonstrate associations between adiposity measurements and levels of inflammation-related plasma proteins in a population of young adults. Subjects from a population-based birth cohort with a mean age of 22.5 years were included in the study population (n = 2074). Protein levels were analyzed using the Olink Proseek Multiplex Inflammation panel. Percentage body fat (%BF) and visceral fat rating (VFR) measurements were collected using Tanita MC 780 body composition monitor. Linear regression of standardized values was used to investigate associations. Potential effect modifications by sex and BMI category were assessed. Of 71 investigated proteins, 54 were significantly associated with all adiposity measurements [%BF, body mass index (BMI), VFR and waist circumference]. Among proteins associated with %BF, seven showed a larger or unique association in overweight/obese subjects and three showed a significant effect modification by sex. Fourteen proteins more strongly associated with VFR in females compared to males. Adipose-associated systemic inflammation was observed in this young adult population. Sex and adiposity localization influenced some of the associations. Our results highlight specific proteins as suitable biomarkers related to adiposity.

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