scholarly journals Propionibacterium Acnes Infections After Cranial Neurosurgery

2006 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 292-295 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael E. Kelly ◽  
Daryl R. Fourney ◽  
Raphael Guzman ◽  
Venkatraman Sadanand ◽  
Robert W. Griebel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Propionibacterium Acnes ◽  
Normal Skin ◽  
Recurrent Infection ◽  
Purulent Discharge ◽  
Small Subset ◽  
Neurosurgical Procedures ◽  
Wound Debridement ◽  
Initial Surgery ◽  
Skin Flora ◽  
Antibiotic Coverage

ABSTRACT:Background:Propionibacterium acnes (P. acnes) is a relatively avirulent organism that is part of the normal skin flora. Most patient isolates are considered contaminants but, in a small subset of patients, particularly in the post-neurosurgery setting, the organism can cause significant infections. We reviewed our experience with the occurrence and management of P. acnes infections after cranial neurosurgical procedures over a five-year period.Methods:Patients with positive cultures for P. acnes between 1996 and 2001 were identified by review of the Saskatoon Health Region microbiology laboratory database. Of the 141 positive cultures, a review of hospital records identified six patients with P. acnes infections after neurosurgical procedures. A review of the literature related to P. acnes associated CNS infections was conducted.Results:All patients had undergone a craniotomy or burrhole placement, and one patient had received prior radiotherapy. There were no P. acnes-related ventriculoperitoneal shunt infections. All patients presented with scalp swelling and three had purulent discharge. Symptoms occurred more than two months after the initial surgery in five of six patients, while one patient developed symptoms three years post-operatively. Management for all patients included removal of the craniotomy flap and treatment with parenteral antibiotics, followed in most cases by oral antibiotics. A good response without relapse of infection was seen in five patients; one patient had recurrent infection after cranioplasty.Conclusion:P. acnes is a rare but important cause of infection after craniotomy. Wound debridement, removal of the bone flap and adequate antibiotic coverage result in cure in the majority of patients.

Spinal and Intracranial Epidural Abscess, and Subdural Empyema

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tyler R. West ◽  
Kelly J Baldwin
Keyword(s):  
Epidural Abscess ◽  
Normal Skin ◽  
Cord Compression ◽  
Subdural Empyema ◽  
Spinal Epidural Abscess ◽  
Neurosurgical Procedures ◽  
Direct Extension ◽  
Adjacent Structures ◽  
Skin Flora ◽  
Hematogenous Seeding

A spinal epidural abscess is an infection that resides in the epidural space of the spinal canal, and most commonly occurs from hematogenous seeding or direct extension from adjacent structures. Normal skin flora such as Staphylococcus and Streptococcus spp are the most common organisms to cause an epidural abscess, typically when host immunity is compromised or due to barrier disruption. The clinical presentation is heterogeneous, but often will progress over time to spinal cord compression. Intracranial epidural abscess and subdural empyema occur within the skull and are frequently spread via direct extension of infections from contiguous structures or as complications from neurosurgical procedures. Prompt diagnosis and treatment is essential for improving morbidity and mortality.

Plasmid Profile and Slime Analysis of Coagulase-Negative Staphylococci from Capd Patients with Peritonitis

1986 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 195-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory B. Horsman ◽  
Leslie MacMillan Yuri ◽  
Amatnieks Oretta RifKin ◽  
Stephen I. Vas
Keyword(s):  
Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Normal Skin ◽  
Recurrent Infection ◽  
Plasmid Profile ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococci ◽  
Plasmid Profiles ◽  
Skin Flora ◽  
Initial Episode ◽  
Multiple Episodes

Little is known about the epidemiology of infections causing peritonitis in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD). The commonest cause, coagulase-negative staphylococci (C-NS), are normal skin flora. The main source is thought to be organisms from the patient's own skin or environment. Using plasmid profiles as an epidemiological marker, the authors identified cases in which surveillance skin cultures taken just before an episode of peritonitis were identical to those isolated from the effluent. On comparing the plasmid profiles from the effluent of patients who had multiple episodes over eight weeks, they identified two patterns. One group had different plasmid profiles between episodes of infection. The second group (the majority of the cases) had identical plasmid profiles between the initial episode and the second which occurred between 10 days and four weeks after stopping antibiotics. This suggests that, in most cases of recurrent infection studied, the second episode represented a reinfection or recurrence with the same organism (as the initial episode). Slime production did not discriminate those patients who would develop recurring peritonitis.

Personal Hygiene terhadap Infeksi Pityriasis Versikolor pada Nelayan Di Desa Penjajap Kecamatan Pemangkat

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 67
Author(s):  
Supriyanto Supriyanto ◽  
Indah Purwaningsih
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Home Environment ◽  
Random Sampling ◽  
Normal Skin ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Pityriasis Versicolor ◽  
Personal Hygiene ◽  
Clean Water ◽  
Retrospective Design ◽  
Skin Flora

Abstract: Pityriasis versicolor or better known as “panu” is a superfcial fungal infection characterized by changes in skin pigment due to Stratum corneum colonization by dimorphic lipophilic fungi from normal skin flora. Pitiriasis versicolor is an infectious disease that is estimated occur due to poor sanitation (personal hygine) and lack of clean water. This research was aimed to determine factors related to Pityriasis versicolor infection. It used retrospective design where researcher tried to looking back about the incident of Pitiriasis versicolor on 76 fshermen who choosen by using simple random sampling. Based on the result of reseach, it was determine that bath habit (p = 0,000), clothing hygiene (p = 0,839), towels cleanliness (p = 0,699), clean water supply (p = 0,000), home environment hygiene (p = 0,588), for p<0,05 then these factors were related to the occurrence of Pitiriasis versicolor infection on fshermen in Penjajap Village Pemangkat. Thus, it could be conclude that there was signifcant correlation between bath habit and clean water supply with the incidence of Pityriasis versicolor infection. While the cleanliness of clothing, cleanliness of towels, and cleanliness of the home environment is not associated with the incidence of Pityriasis versicolor infection. Abstrak: Pityriasis versikolor atau lebih dikenal dengan panu adalah infeksi jamur superfsial yang ditandai perubahan pigmen kulit akibat kolonisasi stratum korneum oleh jamur lipoflik dimorfk dari flora normal kulit. Pityriasis versikolor merupakan penyakit menular yang diperkirakan terjadi karena sanitasi (personal hygiene) yang buruk dan kurangnya air bersih. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan faktor-faktor personal hygiene terhadap infeksi pityriasis versikolor. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan retrospektif dimana peneliti berusaha melihat ke belakang (backward looking) terhadap kejadian pityriasis versikolor pada 76 nelayan yang terpilih sebagai responden dengan teknik simple random sampling. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diketahui bahwa kebiasaan mandi (p = 0,000), kebersihan pakaian (p = 0,839), kebersihan handuk (p = 0,699), persediaan air bersih (p = 0,000), kebersihan lingkungan rumah (p = 0,588), untuk p < 0,05 maka faktor-faktor tersebut berhubungan terhadap terjadinya infeksi pityriasis versikolor pada nelayan di Desa Penjajap Kecamatan Pemangkat. Dengan demikian dapat disimpulkan bahwa ada hubungan yang signifkan antara kebiasaan mandi dan persediaan air bersih dengan kejadian infeksi pityriasis versikolor. Sedangkan kebersihan pakaian, kebersihan handuk, dan kebersihan lingkungan rumah tidak berhubungan dengan kejadian infeksi pityriasis versikolor.

scholarly journals Incidence, Management and Outcome of Delayed Deep Surgical Site Infection Following Spinal Deformity Surgery: 20-Year Experience at a Single Institution

2020 ◽  
pp. 219256822097822
Author(s):  
Muyi Wang ◽  
Liang Xu ◽  
Bo Yang ◽  
Changzhi Du ◽  
Zezhang Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Site Infection ◽  
Spinal Deformity ◽  
Recurrent Infection ◽  
Implant Removal ◽  
Site Infection ◽  
Initial Surgery ◽  
Spinal Deformity Surgery ◽  
Solid Fusion ◽  
Deep Surgical Site Infection

Study Design: A retrospective study. Objectives: To investigate the incidence, management and outcome of delayed deep surgical site infection (SSI) after the spinal deformity surgery. Methods: This study reviewed 5044 consecutive patients who underwent spinal deformity corrective surgery and had been followed over 2 years. Delayed deep SSI were defined as infection involving fascia and muscle and occurring >3 months after the initial procedure. An attempt to retain the implant were initially made for all patients. If the infection failed to be eradicated, the implant removal should be put off until solid fusion was confirmed, usually more than 2 years after the initial surgery. Radiographic data at latest follow-up were compared versus that before implant removal. Results: With an average follow-up of 5.3 years, 56 (1.1%) patients were diagnosed as delayed deep SSI. Seven (12.5%) patients successfully retained instrumentation and there were no signs of recurrence during follow-up (average 3.4 years). The remaining patients, because of persistent or recurrent infection, underwent implant removal 2 years or beyond after the primary surgery, and solid fusion was detected in any case. However, at a minimum 1-year follow-up (average 3.9 years), an average loss of 9° in the thoracic curve and 8° in the thoracolumbar/lumbar curves was still observed. Conclusions: Delayed deep SSI was rare after spinal deformity surgery. To eradicate infection, complete removal of implant may be required in the majority of delayed SSI. Surgeons must be aware of high likelihood of deformity progression after implant removal, despite radiographic solid fusion.

scholarly journals Aeromonas Sobria: a Rare Cause of Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis-Related Peritonitis

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreja Figurek ◽  
Vlastimir Vlatkovic ◽  
Dragan Vojvodic
Keyword(s):  
Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Pseudomembranous Colitis ◽  
Normal Skin ◽  
Aeromonas Species ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Aeromonas Sobria ◽  
Skin Flora ◽  
Common Causes ◽  
Gram Positive Cocci

Peritonitis is a very common complication in patients treated with continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis. The most common causes are gram positive cocci (part of the normal skin flora), and then gram negative bacteria, while fungi are listed as a rare cause of peritonitis. Aeromonas species are identified as a rare cause of continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis-related peritonitis. Among them, Aeromonas hydrophila is somewhat more common, followed by Aeromonas caviae.Case presentation. We reported a case of continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis peritonitis caused by Aeromonas sobria that is extremely rare cause of this type of peritonitis. In our patient, pseudomembranous colitis occured as a complication and, reinfection – another episode of peritonitis with Klebsiella pneumoniae. Treatment with third-episode cephalosporins was successful and patient continued treatment with continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis. Conclusions. The rare causes of peritonitis should not be ignored, especially those which lead to increased morbidity and mortality of patients.

A clinicopathological study of collagen sponge as a dural graft in neurosurgery

1995 ◽  
Vol 82 (3) ◽  
pp. 406-412 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pradeep K. Narotam ◽  
James R. van Dellen ◽  
Keshavlal D. Bhoola
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
Wound Infection Rate ◽  
Collagen Sponge ◽  
Neurosurgical Procedures ◽  
Dural Repair ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Initial Surgery ◽  
Dural Graft ◽  
Delayed Hemorrhage ◽  
Fine Print

✓ There is frequently a need for dural grafts to cover defects resulting from retraction, shrinkage, or excision following neurosurgical procedures. Several materials have been evaluated both experimentally and clinically, and then discarded. Collagen, in its various forms, continues to be an area of intense interest. In this study the authors examined the suitability of collagen sponge to effect dural repair. In a 5-year clinical study 102 collagen sponge implants were examined macroscopically and histologically. Graft encapsulation, neomembrane formation, delayed hemorrhage, and foreign body reactions were not found. The porous nature of the collagen sponge encouraged fibroblastic ingrowth and dural repair. Meningocerebral adhesions were present in 11 patients, all of whom had required significant cortical resection or had pia-arachnoid disruption during the initial surgery. Inflammatory cells were seen only in response to infection. Postoperative cerebrospinal fluid leaks developed in only three of 67 patients who underwent an intradural posterior fossa procedure. In a prospective arm of the study involving 459 patients, the wound infection rate using collagen sponge was 6.1%, which compared favorably (p = 0.67) with the 5.7% rate in a similar group of 637 patients in whom collagen sponge had not been used.

scholarly journals The role of normal skin in the spread of streptococcal pyoderma

1970 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. A. Dudding ◽  
J. W. Burnett ◽  
S. S. Chapman ◽  
L. W. Wannamaker
Keyword(s):  
Normal Skin ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Group A Streptococci ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Predisposing Factor ◽  
Skin Flora ◽  
Primary Body ◽  
Group A ◽  
Upper Respiratory

SummaryThe primary body site of acquisition of group A streptococci was examined prospectively in a population with endemic streptococcal pyoderma. Weekly cultures were obtained during the skin infection season from apparently normal upper respiratory and cutaneous sites (and from skin lesions when present) in 44 children and adults living on the Red Lake Indian Reservation.During the 9-week period of the study 705 of a total of 2305 cultures were positive for group A streptococci. The percentage of positive cultures from the various sites were: throat (20%); nose (24%); wrist (32%); ankle (35%); back (22%); and skin lesions (81%). Group A streptococci were also isolated from fingernail dirt, clothing and bedding as well as from a few household pets and insects.Analysis of serial cultures obtained from the same individuals at weekly intervals suggested that the strains isolated from skin lesions first appeared on normal skin in the 2 weeks preceding the lesion. Spread to the nose and throat followed skin acquisition and/or skin lesions.The high prevalence of group A streptococci on normal skin in the absence as well as the presence of pyoderma, and their appearance on normal skin before recovery from either skin lesions or the upper respiratory tract are consistent with the view that skin acquisition was a primary predisposing factor to pyoderma. Since the literature indicates that group A streptococci are rarely part of the normal skin flora, these findings raise the possibility of unique biological properties of these and perhaps other pyoderma strains, as distinct from other group A streptococci.

scholarly journals Bioinformatics approach reveals the gene targets of Ebola virus microRNAs involved in the human skin microbiome

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pei-Chun Hsu ◽  
Bin-Hao Chiou ◽  
Chun-Ming Huang
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cell ◽  
Ebola Virus ◽  
Propionibacterium Acnes ◽  
Immune Escape ◽  
Rna Virus ◽  
Normal Skin ◽  
Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Cell Swelling ◽  
Skin Microbiome ◽  
Rna Sequences

The Ebola virus, a negative-sense single-stranded RNA virus, causes severe viral hemorrhagic fever and is highly lethal. Histopathology and immunopathologic study of Ebola virus have revealed that histopathologic changes in skin tissue were mainly various degrees of endothelial cell swelling and necrosis. The interactions of microbes within or on a host are a crucial aspect of the skin immune shield. The discovery of microRNAs in Ebola virus implies that immune escape, endothelial cell rupture and tissue dissolution during Ebola virus infection are all results of the action of Ebola virus miRNAs. Keratinocytes obtained from normal skin and subsequently attached and spread on the thrombospondin protein family may play a role in initiating cell-mediated immune responses in the skin. Several miRNAs have been observed to bind the 3' untranslated region of the thrombospondin mRNA, thereby controlling its stability and translational activity. In this study, we first discover short RNA sequences that might act as miRNAs from Propionibacterium acnes by design a practical workflow of bioinformatics methods. Subsequently, we deciphered the common target gene. These RNA sequences tend to binding to the same thrombospondin protein. These RNA sequences tend to bind to the same protein , THSD4, emphasizing the potential importance of the synergistic binding of miRNAs from Ebola virus, Propionibacterium acnes , and humans to the target. By RNA expression validation, we prove the potential synergistic binding of the miRNA from Ebola virus, Propionibacterium acnes and human to the target.

Surgical treatment of septic subtendinous calcaneal bursitis in 2 cows

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (05) ◽  
pp. 316-325
Author(s):  
Johann Kofler ◽  
Hannah Erlacher ◽  
Geane Pagliosa
Keyword(s):  
Wound Management ◽  
Manuscript Submission ◽  
Wound Debridement ◽  
Intravenous Regional Anesthesia ◽  
Initial Surgery ◽  
Linear Probe ◽  
Superficial Digital Flexor Tendon ◽  
Advanced Stages ◽  
Hindlimb Lameness ◽  
Small Bone

AbstractTwo cows were referred to our clinic with moderate to severe hindlimb lameness due to infected wounds over the lateral and caudal aspect of tuber calcanei (TC) with regional swelling, consistent with septic subtendinous calcaneal bursitis. Ultrasonography (7.5 MHz linear probe) revealed fibrinous/fibrino-purulent inflammatory bursal effusions in both cows, complete rupture of the superficial digital flexor tendon and a small, circumscribed, irregular and rough bone contour of the TC in case 2. Radiography revealed physiological findings in case 1, whereas there were osteomyelitis and later bone sequestration in case 2. Treatment consisted of thorough wound debridement, establishing access to the bursa, removal of all exudate and fibrin, creation of additional drainage portals and meticulous lavage using sterile 0.9 % saline solution containing 0.1 % povidone-iodine performed under sedation and intravenous regional anesthesia. In case 2, the infected bone area of the TC was removed using a curette. However, a small bone sequestration developed from the TC 15 days later, which was associated with osteomyelitis. This was removed during a second surgical intervention. Systemic antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory medications were administered peri- and post-surgically and the bursae flushed repeatedly. The affected tarsi were covered with a modified Robert-Jones bandage or a fiberglass cast. Cows 1 and 2 were discharged from the clinic 25 and 27 days after initial surgery, respectively, displaying mild lameness. Both cows were alive, not lame and were in advanced stages of pregnancy at the time of manuscript submission 8 and 12 months later, respectively. This report describes in detail 2 severe cases of septic fibrino-purulent subtendinous calcaneal bursitis in cows that were successfully treated by surgical debridement and lavage under a practical anesthetic protocol, followed by proper wound management in the post-surgical period. These effective surgical procedures can be performed under field conditions given the availability of adequate equipment.

Skin Care of Newborns

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1974 ◽  
Vol 54 (6) ◽  
pp. 682-683
Author(s):  
L. Stanley James ◽  
Stanley N. Graven ◽  
Jacob L. Kay ◽  
Sheldon B. Korones ◽  
H. Belton Meyer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Normal Skin ◽  
Skin Care ◽  
Infectious Agents ◽  
Dry Skin ◽  
Prevention Of Infection ◽  
Risks And Benefits ◽  
Surgical Wounds ◽  
Skin Flora ◽  
Neutral Material ◽  
Skin Secretions

The recent concern related to bathing newborns with hexachlorophene has led to a redefinition of appropriate skin care for newly born infants in hospital nurseries. Skin manipulations are performed (1) for prevention of infection and (2) for aesthetic and cleansing purposes. The skin is a protective organ and any break in its integrity affords an opportunity for initiation of infection. In addition, it is clear that protection against invading pathogenic organisms is afforded by skin secretions or contents and the normal skin biota. Therefore, skin care should involve cleansing with a non-toxic, non-abrasive neutral material. Consideration of skin care of the newborn is further complicated by the fact that the infant does not have protective skin flora at birth, has at least one and possibly two open surgical wounds, the umbilicus and circumcision site, and is exposed to fomites and personnel that harbor a variety of infectious agents. Risks and benefits of each skin-care technique in the newly born must be weighed. Is the agent used absorbed and toxic directly or indirectly? What is the effect of the technique on the skin itself? Does the agent predispose to a biota change that is detrimental to the infant? The currently available data suggest that perhaps the best method for managing infant skin is to minimize manipulation. The recommended technique is referred to as dry skin care. "Dry technique" is recommended for the following reasons: (1) it subjects the infant to less heat loss by exposure; (2) it diminishes skin trauma; (3) it requires less time, and (4) it does not expose the infant to agents with known or unknown side effects.

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