Mature Goosegrass (Eleusine indica) Control in Bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon) Turf with a Metribuzin–Diclofop Combination

1999 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 169-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roy K. Nishimoto ◽  
Charles L. Murdoch
Keyword(s):  
Cynodon Dactylon ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Single Application ◽  
Eleusine Indica ◽  
Selective Control ◽  
Common Bermudagrass

Field studies were conducted to determine if metribuzin–diclofop combinations could provide selective control of mature goosegrass in common bermudagrass turf. In two field trials, diclofop at 1.7 kg ai/ha provided 19% control of mature goosegrass at 7 wk after treatment (WAT), whereas metribuzin at 0.28 or 0.56 kg ai/ha controlled 30 and 53%, respectively. When diclofop at 1.7 kg/ha was combined with metribuzin at 0.28 or 0.56 kg/ha, goosegrass control increased to 68 and 90%, respectively. That degree of mature goosegrass control with a single application of metribuzin at 0.56 kg/ha plus diclofop at 1.7 kg/ha was equivalent to metribuzin at 0.56 kg/ha plus MSMA at 2.2 kg ae/ha followed by MSMA at 2.2 kg/ha 1 wk later. The metribuzin–diclofop combination injured common bermudagrass turf less than or equivalent to the metribuzin–MSMA combination. The injury was transitory; at 3 WAT, none of the treatments injured common bermudagrass.

Tank-Mixed Postemergence Herbicides for Large Crabgrass (Digitaria sanguinalis) and Goosegrass (Eleusine indica) Control in Bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon) Turf

1996 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 716-721 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Jack Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Cynodon Dactylon ◽  
Single Application ◽  
Digitaria Sanguinalis ◽  
Eleusine Indica ◽  
Common Bermudagrass ◽  
Postemergence Herbicides ◽  
Large Crabgrass

A two-year experiment was conducted to determine if tank-mixes of postemergence (POST) herbicides would consistently control large crabgrass and goosegrass in common bermudagrass turf compared to herbicide alone treatments. Tank-mixes of MSMA plus quinclorac at 2.2 + 0.6 kg/ha effectively controlled large crabgrass (≥ 81%) for 10 to 11 weeks during 1993 and 1994. The control from MSMA plus dithiopyr at 2.2 + 0.3 kg/ha was higher during this period than when each herbicide was applied alone at the same rate. There was no increase in large crabgrass control from tank-mixes of MSMA and diclofop applied in a single application, when compared with two applications of MSMA applied at 2.2 kg/ha. Goosegrass control at 9 wk after tank-mixed treatments of MSMA (2.2 kg/ha) and diclofop (≥ 0.3 kg/ha) in 1994 was lower (12 to 28%) than when diclofop at 1.1 kg/ha was applied alone (85%). Tank-mixes of MSMA with quinclorac or dithiopyr did not control goosegrass. In general, common bermudagrass injury was no higher from herbicide combinations than when each was applied alone. An exception occurred at 1 wk after treatment in 1993 when common bermudagrass injury was higher from tank-mixes of MSMA plus diclofop at 2.2 + 1.1 kg/ha, than when either herbicide was applied alone.

Postemergence Control of Large Crabgrass and Goosegrass in Turf

Weed Science ◽  
1975 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 404-409 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. J. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Cynodon Dactylon ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Single Application ◽  
Digitaria Sanguinalis ◽  
Optimum Time ◽  
Eleusine Indica ◽  
Repeated Applications ◽  
Dichlorophenoxy Acetic Acid ◽  
Common Bermudagrass ◽  
Large Crabgrass

Single and repeated applications of MSMA (monosodium methanearsonate) with and without 2,4-D [(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)acetic acid], metribuzin [4-amino-6-tert-butyl-3-(methylthio)-as-triazine-5(4H)one], and methazole [2-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-4-methyl-1,2,4-oxadiazolidine-3,5-di-one] were evaluated for control of large crabgrass (Digitaria sanguinalis L. Scop.) and goosegrass (Eleusine indica L. Gaertn.). Large crabgrass was controlled satisfactorily at Griffin in 1972 and 1973 with a single application of 1.7 kg/ha of MSMA, however, repeated applications were required for similar control at Griffin in 1974 and at Blairsville in 1973 and 1974. Repeated treatments at 0.6 kg/ha resulted in satisfactory large crabgrass control in only 2 of 3 years at Griffin and 1 of 3 experiments at Blairsville. The optimum time interval between the first and second MSMA treatments (average 1973 and 1974) was 12 days for the 1.1 kg/ha rate and anytime between 12 and 19 days for the 1.7 and 2.2 kg/ha rates. There was no advantage in large crabgrass control from treatments of methazole, metribuzin, or combinations of MSMA + 2,4-D when compared with MSMA. Single applications of 1.1 kg/ha of metribuzin or 2.2 kg/ha of methazole resulted in excellent goosegrass control without causing any permanent injury to common bermudagrass [Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.]. Repeated treatments of 3.3 kg/ha of MSMA were required to obtain satisfactory goosegrass control.

Differences in selectivity between bermudagrass and goosegrass (Eleusine indica) to low-rate topramezone and metribuzin combinations

Weed Science ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-28
Author(s):  
John R. Brewer ◽  
Whitnee L.B. Askew ◽  
Shawn D. Askew
Keyword(s):  
Low Dose ◽  
Cynodon Dactylon ◽  
Residual Activity ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Differential Absorption ◽  
Eleusine Indica ◽  
Selective Control ◽  
Low Rate

Abstract Goosegrass [Eleusine indica (L.) Gaertn.] remains problematic for bermudagrass [Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.] turf managers due to the ineffective, selective control of mature plants with available POST herbicides and lack of sufficient residual activity from those herbicides to control seedling plants. Topramezone controls mature E. indica, but past efforts to suppress potential injury to bermudagrass turf have been inconsistent. We hypothesized that metribuzin at 210 g ai ha−1 in admixture with topramezone would improve bermudagrass tolerance while conserving mature E. indica control. In preliminary field studies, metribuzin mixed with topramezone at 1.2 or 2.5 g ae ha−1 applied twice at a 3-wk interval reduced bermudagrass injury and white discoloration compared to topramezone applied alone, but metribuzin did not safen bermudagrass to mesotrione. Topramezone at 3.7 g ha−1 plus 210 g ha−1 metribuzin applied twice at a 3-wk interval offered improved bermudagrass tolerance while it still controlled mature E. indica during fifteen field and two greenhouse studies in Virginia. This program offered a 10-fold decrease in suprathreshold duration of white-discoloration compared to topramezone alone at 6.1 g ha−1. Bermudagrass absorbed three times less radioactivity than E. indica at timings up to 48 h after treatment with 14C-topramezone. Bermudagrass also metabolized twice as much topramezone compared to E. indica at 48 h after treatment. Metribuzin reduced 14C absorption by approximately 25% in both species. These studies confirm the performance of a novel, low-dose topramezone plus metribuzin program for mature E. indica control in bermudagrass turf, and suggest that selectivity between bermudagrass and E. indica to topramezone is due to differential absorption and metabolism. The fact that metribuzin reduces topramezone absorption in both species suggests that it may help reduce bermudagrass phytotoxic response to topramezone, but its role in altering selectivity between bermudagrass and E. indica may be due to other factors.

Efficacy and Economics of Common Bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon) Control in Peanut (Arachis hypogaea)

1991 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 106-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
John W. Wilcut
Keyword(s):  
Arachis Hypogaea ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Cynodon Dactylon ◽  
Propanoic Acid ◽  
Single Application ◽  
Net Return ◽  
Common Bermudagrass

Abstract Field experiments were conducted in 1988 and 1989 to evaluate various postemergence graminicides for common bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon (L). Pers.) control in peanuts (Arachis hypogaea). A single application of fluazifop-P [(R)-2-[4[[5-(trifluorornethyl)-2-pyridinyl]oxy]phenoxy]propanoic acid] or clethodim [(E, E)-(±)-2-[1-[[(3-chloro-2-propenyl)oxy]imino] propyl]-5-[2-ethylthio)propyl]-3-hydroxy-2-cyclohexen-1-one] controlled approximately 25 to 30% more common bermudagrass than a single application of sethoxydim (2-[1-(ethoxyimino) butyl]-5-[2-(ethylthio)propyl]-3-hydroxy-2-cyclohexen-1-one) or quizalofop [(±)-2-[4[(6-chloro-2-quinoxalinyl)oxy]phenoxy]propanoic acid]. Two graminicide applications were required for greater than 90% common bermudagrass control. Treatments which provided greater than 90% control included two applications of sethoxydim (0.31 followed by (fb) 0.31 kg ha-1 or 0.31 fb 0.16 kg ha-1), fluazifop-P (0.21 fb 0.21 kg ha-1) or 0.21 fb 0.11 kg ha-1), and clethodim (0.28 fb 0.28 kg ha-1). These same treatments provided complete common bermudagrass control when evaluated the following summer. Peanut yield and net return from a single graminicide application generally were not improved with two applications.

Sequential Herbicide Treatments for Large Crabgrass (Digitaria sanguinalis) and Goosegrass (Eleusine indica) Control in Bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon) Turf

1993 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 674-680 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Jack Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Cynodon Dactylon ◽  
Digitaria Sanguinalis ◽  
Eleusine Indica ◽  
Herbicide Treatments ◽  
Previously Treated ◽  
Common Bermudagrass ◽  
Large Crabgrass

Preemergence (PRE) and postemergence (POST) herbicides were sequentially applied to common bermudagrass over a two-year period to determine the lowest herbicide rates required to maintain acceptable large crabgrass and goosegrass control. Large crabgrass control was consistently higher in late August when MSMA at 2.2 kg ha−1was applied to plots previously treated with dithiopyr at 0.3 kg ha−1(99%) in 1991, and either pendimethalin at 1.1 kg ha−1(95%) or oxadiazon at 1.1 kg ha−1(94%) in 1992 than when either herbicide was applied alone (≤ 79%). Goosegrass control was also higher in late August when MSMA plus metribuzin at 2.0 + 0.14 kg ha−1was applied to plots treated with pendimethalin at 1.7 kg ha−1(71%) in 1991, with oxadiazon at ≤ 2.2 kg ha−1(≤ 89%) in 1992, and with dithiopyr at 0.4 kg ha−1(≤ 96%) both years than when the herbicides were applied alone. Diclofop at 1.1 kg ha−1applied alone as POST controlled ≥ 96% goosegrass throughout the two-year period.

scholarly journals Smooth Crabgrass and Goosegrass Control with Metamifop in Creeping Bentgrass

2015 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 757-761 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ethan T. Parker ◽  
J. Scott McElroy ◽  
Michael L. Flessner
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Initial Treatment ◽  
Creeping Bentgrass ◽  
The United States ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Agrostis Stolonifera ◽  
Single Application ◽  
Visible Injury ◽  
Eleusine Indica ◽  
Injury Potential

Smooth crabgrass (Digitaria ischaemum) and goosegrass (Eleusine indica) are problematic weeds in creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera) because of limited herbicide options for postemergence (POST) control and turfgrass injury potential. Metamifop is a herbicide currently being considered for release to markets in the United States but information is lacking on the most effective rates and application timings for smooth crabgrass and goosegrass control in creeping bentgrass. Field trials were conducted in Auburn, AL in 2009 and 2013 to evaluate metamifop rates (200 to 800 g·ha−1) and single or sequential application timings compared with fenoxaprop (51 to 200 g·ha−1) at two different mowing heights. Metamifop applied twice and three times sequentially at 200 g·ha−1 provided the greatest smooth crabgrass (>97%) and goosegrass (>90%) control at rough (1½ inch) and green (1/8 inch) mowing heights without unacceptable creeping bentgrass injury at 56 days after initial treatment. All treatments caused <20% visible injury on creeping bentgrass at both mowing heights except the highest rate of metamifop. Smooth crabgrass control at the green mowing height was greater than at the rough mowing height, especially at lower metamifop rates with a single application.

scholarly journals Frequency of Drive (Quinclorac) Treatments on Common Bermudagrass Tolerance and on Large Crabgrass Control

1995 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 104-108
Author(s):  
B. Jack Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiment ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Cynodon Dactylon ◽  
Single Application ◽  
Digitaria Sanguinalis ◽  
Common Bermudagrass ◽  
Large Crabgrass

Abstract When a postemergence (POST) herbicide is used to control large crabgrass [Digitaria sanguinalis (L.) Scop.] in common bermudagrass [Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.], the herbicide should maintain optimum weed control for 8 to 10 weeks without causing undesirable injury to the turfgrass. A field experiment was conducted during 1993 and 1994 to determine the lowest rate of Drive (quinclorac) needed to control large crabgrass without causing undesirable injury to bermudagrass turf. Drive (quinclorac) applied at 0.28 kg ai/ha (0.25 lb ai/A) initially in early May and repeated at the same rate at a 2-week interval, controlled 85% large crabgrass for 16 weeks in 1993 and 70% for 10 weeks in 1994. The control in 1994 was 96% for 17 weeks when the herbicide was applied at 0.28 kg ai/ha (0.25 lb ai/A) in each of three applications on May 2, May 29, and June 13. The maximum bermudagrass injury in 1993 from Drive (quinclorac) applied at 0.28 kg ai/ha (0.25 lb ai/A) in each of two applications at 2- to 4-week interval was ≤ 27% compared to ≥ 33% when ≥ 0.56 kg ai/ha (≥ 0.5 lb ai/A) was applied as a single application. Bermudagrass treated initially with Drive (quinclorac) at 0.28 kg ai/ha (0.25 lb ai/A) was injured higher in 1994 (≤ 35%) than in 1993 (≤ 14%). Bermudagrass injury was ≥ 40% when the second application was delayed until mid- to late June either year or when the herbicide was applied in three applications during May and June 1994.

Reduced herbicide rates for large crabgrass (Digitaria sanguinalis) and goosegrass (Eleusine indica) control in bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon)

Weed Science ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 283-287 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Jack Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Weed Management ◽  
Cynodon Dactylon ◽  
Digitaria Sanguinalis ◽  
Eleusine Indica ◽  
Reduced Rate ◽  
Common Bermudagrass ◽  
Large Crabgrass

Five PRE herbicides were applied at below maximum registered use rates to the same bermudagrass turf plots for three consecutive years for large crabgrass and goosegrass control. In most instances, full labeled herbicide rates were needed for acceptable large crabgrass and goosegrass control during the 1st year of treatment. All herbicides controlled large crabgrass but not goosegrass during the 1st year. Weed management programs that utilized the lowest herbicide rates while maintaining ≥ 80% control during the 2nd and 3rd years varied with herbicides. The programs for large crabgrass were prodiamine at 0.8 kg ha−1the 1st year followed by 0.2 kg ha−1the 2nd and 3rd years; oryzalin at 2.2 kg ha−1the 1st year followed by 0.6 kg ha−1the 2nd and 3rd years; dithiopyr at 0.3 kg ha−1the 1st year followed by 0.1 kg ha−1the 2nd and 3rd years; pendimethalin at 1.7 kg ha−1the 1st year followed by 0.8 kg ha−1the 2nd and 3rd years; and oxadiazon at 3.4 kg hha−1the 1st year followed by 2.5 kg ha−1the 2nd year and 1.7 kg ha−1the 3rd year. The programs for goosegrass were prodiamine at 0.8 kg ha−1followed by 0.6 kg ha−1the 2nd and 0.4 kg ha−1the 3rd year; dithiopyr at 0.8 kg ha−1the 1st year followed by 0.4 kg ha−1the 2nd and 3rd years; pendimethalin at 3.4 kg ha−1the 1st year followed by 1.7 kg ha−1the 2nd year and 0.8 kg ha−1the 3rd year; and oxadiazon at 3.4 kg ha−1followed by 0.8 kg ha−1the 2nd and 3rd years. Because goosegrass control with oryzalin at reduced rates was unacceptable during the 1st and 2nd years, this herbicide should not be used in a reduced rate program. The quality of common bermudagrass was not affected by reduced herbicide rates.

Tank-Mixed Herbicides on Large Crabgrass (Digitaria sanguinalis) and Goosegrass (Eleusine indica) Control in Common Bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon) Turf

Weed Science ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 216-221 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Jack Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Cynodon Dactylon ◽  
Golf Course ◽  
Digitaria Sanguinalis ◽  
Eleusine Indica ◽  
Combination Treatments ◽  
Common Bermudagrass ◽  
Large Crabgrass

Tank-mix combinations of PRE and POST herbicides were applied to control emerged large crabgrass and goosegrass in common bermudagrass turf. Large crabgrass control was better when MSMA at 2.2 kg ai ha-1was tank mixed with either pendimethalin at 1.7 kg ai ha-1(≤ 85%) or dithiopyr at 0.3 kg ai ha-1(≤ 94%), when compared with MSMA at 2.2 kg ai ha-1(≤ 50%) alone. When MSMA plus metribuzin at 2.2 + 0.14 kg ai ha-1was tank mixed with pendimethalin in 1992, large crabgrass control was better (≥ 96%) than when MSMA plus metribuzin was applied alone (≤ 73%). Quinclorac applied alone at 0.8 kg ai ha-1controlled ≥ 94% large crabgrass, but control with diclofop was 32%. There was no increase in control when either quinclorac or diclofop was tank mixed with any PRE herbicide. Methyl ester of diclofop applied alone at 1.1 kg ai ha-1provided 97% control of goosegrass at one location, but control was ≤ 62% at two other locations. Goosegrass control was better when diclofop at 1.1 kg ha-1was tank mixed with dithiopyr at 0.6 kg ha-1(≥ 77%) than when either diclofop (≤ 62%) or dithiopyr (≤ 50%) was applied alone. Goosegrass control was consistently better across years from combinations of dithiopyr plus diclofop at 0.6 + 1.1 kg ha-1(82%) than from combinations of MSMA plus metribuzin with dithiopyr (34%) or pendimethalin (53%). Common bermudagrass injury at Griffin-Spalding Golf Course in 1991 was higher at 1 wk after combination treatments of MSMA plus metribuzin with dithiopyr (46 to 54%) or pendimethalin (50%) than with MSMA plus metribuzin applied alone (26%). Injury from the combinations was higher from single MSMA plus metribuzin treatment for 4 wk. Similar results occurred at the Georgia Station in 1992 from combinations of dithiopyr with MSMA plus metribuzin.

Purple Nutsedge Control by Bentazon and Perfluidone in Turfgrasses

Weed Science ◽  
1975 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 349-353 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. J. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Cynodon Dactylon ◽  
Late Summer ◽  
Late Spring ◽  
Cyperus Rotundus ◽  
Single Application ◽  
Zoysia Japonica ◽  
Purple Nutsedge ◽  
Stenotaphrum Secundatum ◽  
Repeated Applications ◽  
Common Bermudagrass

Field and greenhouse experiments were conducted on bentazon [3-isopropyl-1H-2,1,3-benzothiadiazin-4(3H)one 2,2-dioxide] at 2.2 and 4.4 kg/ha and perfluidone {1,1,1-trifluoro-N-[2-methyl-4-(phenylsulfonyl) phenyl] methanesulfonamide} at 4.5 and 9.0 kg/ha for purple nutsedge (Cyperus rotundusL.) control and tolerance of five turfgrasses. A single application of each herbicide was applied to purple nutsedge, but single and repeated applications were applied to turfgrasses. Purple nutsedge control during the initial year of treatment was 98 to 100% when bentazon was applied in late spring, but the control was only 28 to 68% when applied in mid or late summer. Perfluidone controlled 76 to 87% of purple nutsedge when applied in late spring and 95 to 100% when applied in late summer. Bentazon treatments generally did not cause turf injury. In the field, perfluidone treatments injured St. Augustinegrass [Stenotaphrum secundatum(Walt.) Kuntze], zoysia grass (Zoysia japonica×Z. teniuflolia‘Emerald’), centipedegrass [Erenoehloa ophiuroides(Munro) Hack.], and common bermudagrass [Cynodon dactylon(L.) Pers.]. ‘Tifway’ bermudagrass was generally tolerant to perfluidone treatments. In the greenhouse, perfluidone reduced the root growth of all turfgrasses except centipedegrass when compared with untreated checks.

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