scholarly journals Effect of maize silage to grass silage ratio and feed particle size on protein synthesis and amino acid profile in different microbial fractions in a semi-continuous rumen simulation

animal ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 537-546 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Hildebrand ◽  
J. Boguhn ◽  
M. Rodehutscord
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Protein Synthesis ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Amino Acid Profile ◽  
Maize Silage ◽  
Grass Silage

scholarly journals Digestion of feed amino acids in the rumen and small intestine of dairy cows measured with nylon-bag techniques

1997 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. M. van Straalen ◽  
J. J. Odinga ◽  
W. Mostert
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Palm Kernel ◽  
Amino Acid Profile ◽  
Considerable Effect ◽  
Maize Silage ◽  
Total N ◽  
Grass Silage ◽  
Silage Maize

The disappearance of total N, non-protein-N and amino acid-N after washing, rumen incubation and intestinal passage of sugarbeet pulp, maize-gluten feed, maize feed meal, palm kernel meal, soyabean hulls, soyabean meal, grass silage, maize silage and concentrate was measured in four dairy cows using nylon-bag techniques. Disappearance of amino acid-N after washing varied between feedstuff's from 14 to 69% of feed amino acid-N, and was lower than disappearance of non-protein-N. For sugarbeet pulp, grass silage and maize silage, washing had a considerable effect on the amino acid profile. Disappearance of amino acid-N after rumen incubation was also lower than non-protein-N and varied between feedstuffs from 25 to 73% of feed amino acid-N. Rumen incubation had only a small effect on the amino acid profile of the residue after washing. Disappearance of amino acid-N in the intestine varied between feedstuffs from 70 to 99% of rumen undegraded amino acid-N, and was higher than the disappearance of non-protein-N. Intestinal incubation showed a considerable effect on the amino acid profile for all feedstuffs. It was concluded that protein that was assumed to escape rumen degradation and was absorbable in the intestine was higher in amino acids and methionine, and lower in non-amino acid-N and glutamic acid and proline compared with protein in the feedstuff.

The Effect of Protected Amino Acid Supplementation on the Performance of Dairy Cows Receiving Grass Silage Plus Soyabean Meal

1994 ◽  
Vol 1994 ◽  
pp. 40-40
Author(s):  
J.C. Robert ◽  
B.K. Sloan ◽  
C. Denis
Keyword(s):  
Protein Synthesis ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Protein ◽  
Latin Squares ◽  
Amino Acid Supplementation ◽  
Grass Silage ◽  
Lactating Dairy Cows ◽  
Soyabean Meal ◽  
Limiting Amino Acid

Methionine has been shown to be the first-limiting amino acid for milk protein synthesis in lactating dairy cows fed maize silage-based diets complemented with soyabean meal (Sloanet al., 1992) (Pisulewskiet al., 1993). Thus, the aim of this trial was to investigate the hypothesis that methionine was first-limiting or if not at least colimiting with lysine for milk protein synthesis in dairy cows fed grass silage complemented with soyabean meal.8 muciparous and 4 primiparous dairy cows six weeks into lactation were randomly allocated to three 4x4 Latin squares (cows and heifers separately), each period containing 2 weeks. The four treatments consisted of Tl = Control ; T2 = 3.7 g methionine ; T3 = 7.4 g methionine ; T4 = 7.4 g methionine and 22.2 lysine . All figures relate to estimated intestinally available amino acids, g/day (Smartamine™technology Rhône-Poulenc Animal Nutrition). The basal ration was a second cut grass silage offeredad libitumplus 0.57 kg of hay plus an average 10.9 kg concentrate.

scholarly journals Influence of the maize silage to grass silage ratio and feed particle size of rations for ruminants on the community structure of ruminal Firmicutes in vitro

2010 ◽  
Vol 109 (6) ◽  
pp. 1998-2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Witzig ◽  
J. Boguhn ◽  
S. Kleinsteuber ◽  
I. Fetzer ◽  
M. Rodehutscord
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Community Structure ◽  
Maize Silage ◽  
Grass Silage

scholarly journals Effect of maize silage to grass silage ratio and feed particle size on ruminal fermentation in vitro

animal ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 528-536 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Hildebrand ◽  
J. Boguhn ◽  
M. Rodehutscord
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Ruminal Fermentation ◽  
Maize Silage ◽  
Grass Silage

Protein turnover, amino acid profile and amino acid flux in juvenile shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei: effects of dietary protein source

2002 ◽  
Vol 205 (20) ◽  
pp. 3107-3122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eleni Mente ◽  
Peter Coutteau ◽  
Dominic Houlihan ◽  
Ian Davidson ◽  
Patrick Sorgeloos
Keyword(s):  
Protein Synthesis ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Litopenaeus Vannamei ◽  
Dietary Protein ◽  
Protein Turnover ◽  
High Growth ◽  
Amino Acid Profile ◽  
Casein Diet ◽  
Single Meal ◽  
Amino Acid Flux

SUMMARY The effect of dietary protein on protein synthesis and growth of juvenile shrimps Litopenaeus vannamei was investigated using three different diets with equivalent protein content. Protein synthesis was investigated by a flooding dose of tritiated phenylalanine. Survival, specific growth and protein synthesis rates were higher, and protein degradation was lower, in shrimps fed a fish/squid/shrimp meal diet, or a 50% laboratory diet/50%soybean meal variant diet, than in those fed a casein-based diet. The efficiency of retention of synthesized protein as growth was 94% for shrimps fed the fish meal diet, suggesting a very low protein turnover rate; by contrast, the retention of synthesized protein was only 80% for shrimps fed the casein diet. The amino acid profile of the casein diet was poorly correlated with that of the shrimps. 4 h after a single meal the protein synthesis rates increased following an increase in RNA activity. A model was developed for amino acid flux, suggesting that high growth rates involve a reduction in the turnover of proteins, while amino acid loss appears to be high.

scholarly journals The effect of washing procedure on the estimation of the in situ disappearance of amino acids from feed protein.

1990 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 719-724
Author(s):  
G. Hof ◽  
W.J.A. Kouwenberg ◽  
S. Tamminga
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Microbial Contamination ◽  
Standard Procedure ◽  
Amino Acid Content ◽  
Amino Acid Profile ◽  
Grass Silage ◽  
Soyabean Meal ◽  
Feed Protein

Soyabean meal and wilted grass silage were suspended in nylon bags in the rumen for 0, 3, 6 and 12 h and 0, 6, 24 and 48 h, respectively. Samples were then washed using the standard procedure, or standard washing, followed by soaking for 16 h in neutral detergent at 70 or 25 degrees C, followed by standard washing. The amino acid profile of the samples was determined by amino acid content in the original feed. Amino acids disappeared at a faster rate than non-amino acid N. Microbial contamination was only seen in the grass silage and its residues after incubation. None of the washing procedures effectively removed microbial contamination. (Abstract retrieved from CAB Abstracts by CABI’s permission)

Limitations in digestible methionine in the intestine (MetDI) for milk protein secretion in dairy cows fed a ration based on grass silage

1995 ◽  
Vol 1995 ◽  
pp. 158-158
Author(s):  
Y. Chilliard ◽  
J. Rouel ◽  
A. Ollier ◽  
J. Bony ◽  
K. Tanan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Synthesis ◽  
Small Intestine ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Protein Secretion ◽  
Milk Protein ◽  
Microbial Protein ◽  
Maize Silage ◽  
Microbial Protein Synthesis ◽  
Grass Silage

The interest for increasing post-ruminal methionine supplies for dairy cows fed maize silage based rations has been clearly demonstrated (Sloan 1992). Theoretically grass silage based rations are also deficient in methionine in most dietary situations. Expressed as a percentage of PDIE (protein digestible in the small intestine when energy is limiting microbial protein synthesis in the rumen) the metDI value for grass silage approximates 1.95 compared to 1.97 for maize silage.This trial was conducted, to verify, if in practice, methionine alone could limit milk protein secretion in dairy cows fed grass silage based rations.

scholarly journals Milk protein synthesis in response to the provision of an “ideal” amino acid profile at 2 levels of metabolizable protein supply in dairy cows

2012 ◽  
Vol 95 (10) ◽  
pp. 5876-5887 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.N. Haque ◽  
H. Rulquin ◽  
A. Andrade ◽  
P. Faverdin ◽  
J.L. Peyraud ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Synthesis ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Protein ◽  
Amino Acid Profile ◽  
Metabolizable Protein ◽  
Protein Supply
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