scholarly journals Single Photon Randomness based on a Defect Center in Diamond

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xing Chen ◽  
Johannes N. Greiner ◽  
Jörg Wrachtrup ◽  
Ilja Gerhardt
Keyword(s):  
Beam Splitter ◽  
Single Photon ◽  
Photon Emission ◽  
Random Number Generator ◽  
Input State ◽  
Single Photons ◽  
Ambient Conditions ◽  
Single Photon Detector ◽  
Defect Center ◽  
Random Bit Generator

AbstractThe prototype of a quantum random number generator is a single photon which impinges onto a beam splitter and is then detected by single photon detectors at one of the two output paths. Prior to detection, the photon is in a quantum mechanical superposition state of the two possible outcomes with –ideally– equal amplitudes until its position is determined by measurement. When the two output modes are observed by a single photon detector, the generated clicks can be interpreted as ones and zeros – and a raw random bit stream is obtained. Here we implement such a random bit generator based on single photons from a defect center in diamond. We investigate the single photon emission of the defect center by an anti-bunching measurement. This certifies the “quantumness” of the supplied photonic input state, while the random “decision” is still based on the vacuum fluctuations at the open port of the beam-splitter. Technical limitations, such as intensity fluctuations, mechanical drift, and bias are discussed. A number of ways to suppress such unwanted effects, and an a priori entropy estimation are presented. The single photon nature allows for a characterization of the non-classicality of the source, and allows to determine a background fraction. Due to the NV-center’s superior stability and optical properties, we can operate the generator under ambient conditions around the clock. We present a true 24/7 operation of the implemented random bit generator.

Detection efficiency enhancement of single-photon detector at 1.55-μm by using of single photons lock-in and optimal threshold

2012 ◽  
Vol 44 (6) ◽  
pp. 1773-1775 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaobo Wang ◽  
Guofeng Zhang ◽  
Ruiyun Chen ◽  
Yan Gao ◽  
Liantuan Xiao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Detection Efficiency ◽  
Single Photon ◽  
Optimal Threshold ◽  
Single Photons ◽  
Efficiency Enhancement ◽  
Photon Detector ◽  
Single Photon Detector ◽  
Lock In

scholarly journals Chaotic Quantum Key Distribution

Cryptography ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 24
Author(s):  
Noah Cowper ◽  
Harry Shaw ◽  
David Thayer
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Computing ◽  
Quantum Key Distribution ◽  
Single Photon ◽  
Photon Emission ◽  
Key Distribution ◽  
Maximum Amount ◽  
Single Photons ◽  
Single Photon Emission ◽  
Amount Of Information ◽  
Communication Scheme

The ability to send information securely is a vital aspect of today’s society, and with the developments in quantum computing, new ways to communicate have to be researched. We explored a novel application of quantum key distribution (QKD) and synchronized chaos which was utilized to mask a transmitted message. This communication scheme is not hampered by the ability to send single photons and consequently is not vulnerable to number splitting attacks like other QKD schemes that rely on single photon emission. This was shown by an eavesdropper gaining a maximum amount of information on the key during the first setup and listening to the key reconciliation to gain more information. We proved that there is a maximum amount of information an eavesdropper can gain during the communication, and this is insufficient to decode the message.

scholarly journals Quantum optics experiment on the test of empty wave hypothesis

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladimir Skrebnev
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Optics ◽  
Beam Splitter ◽  
Single Photon ◽  
Single Photons ◽  
Absorption Coefficients ◽  
Empty Wave

The experiment measured the absorption of single photons by absorbers with various absorption coefficients, in one of the beams, after the photons interacted with the beam splitter. The measurements showed that the absorption corresponds to single photon traveling in either one or another beam. The measurements support the original empty wave hypothesis which has been advanced in a number of works.

scholarly journals Superior properties in room-temperature colloidal-dot quantum emitters revealed by ultralow-dark-count detections of temporally-purified single photons

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Toshiyuki Ihara ◽  
Shigehito Miki ◽  
Toshiki Yamada ◽  
Takahiro Kaji ◽  
Akira Otomo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Room Temperature ◽  
Quantum Information Processing ◽  
Single Photon ◽  
Photon Emission ◽  
Light Sources ◽  
Single Photons ◽  
Dark Count ◽  
Photon Detectors ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Quantum Emitters

Abstract The realization of high-quality quantum emitters that can operate at room temperature is important for accelerating the application of quantum technologies, such as quantum communication, quantum information processing, and quantum metrology. In this work, we study the photon-antibunching properties on room-temperature emission from individual colloidal quantum dots (CQDs) using superconducting-nanowire single-photon detectors and temporal filtering of the photoluminescence decay curve. We find that high single-photon purities and high photon-generation rates can be simultaneously achieved by removing the signals originating from the sequential two-photon emission of biexcitons created by multiple excitation pulses. We successfully demonstrate that the ultrahigh performance of the room-temperature single-photon sources showing g(2)(0) ≪ 10−2 can be confirmed by the ultralow-dark-count detection of the temporally purified single photons. These findings provide strong evidence for the attractiveness of CQDs as candidates for high-quality room-temperature quantum light sources.

Next-Generation Optical Probing Tools for Design Debug of High Speed Integrated Circuits

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Lo ◽  
Kenneth Wilsher ◽  
Richard Malinsky ◽  
Nina Boiadjieva ◽  
Chun-Cheng Tsao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Circuits ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Detection Efficiency ◽  
Single Photon ◽  
Photon Emission ◽  
Next Generation ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Single Photon Detector ◽  
Time Resolved ◽  
Optical Probing

Abstract Time-resolved photon emission (TRPE) results, obtained using a new superconducting, single-photon detector (SSPD) are reported. Detection efficiency (DE) for large area detectors has recently been improved by >100x without affecting SSPDs inherently low jitter (≈30 ps) and low dark-count rate (<30 s-1). TRPE measurements taken from a 0.13 μm geometry CMOS IC are presented. A single laser, time-differential probing scheme that is being investigated for next-generation laser voltage probing (LVP) is also discussed. This new scheme is designed to have shot-noise-limited performance, allowing signals as small as 100 parts-per-million (ppm) to be reliably measured.

Plasmonic Nanobar-on-Mirror Antenna with Giant Local Chirality: a New Platform for Ultrafast Chiral Single-Photon Emission

Nanoscale ◽  
2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huatian Hu ◽  
Wen Chen ◽  
Xiaobo Han ◽  
Kai Wang ◽  
Peixiang Lu
Keyword(s):  
Information Transmission ◽  
Single Photon ◽  
Photon Emission ◽  
Single Photons ◽  
Single Photon Emission ◽  
Information Encoding ◽  
Additional Degree ◽  
Binary Information ◽  
Mirror Antenna ◽  
New Research

Providing an additional degree of freedom for binary information encoding and nonreciprocal information transmission, chiral single photons have become a new research frontier in quantum optics. Without using complex external...

Quantum Random Number Generator Using Only One Single-Photon Detector

2014 ◽  
Vol 26 (9) ◽  
pp. 851-853 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emanoela de Jesus Lopes Soares ◽  
Fabio Alencar Mendonca ◽  
Rubens Viana Ramos
Keyword(s):  
Random Number ◽  
Single Photon ◽  
Random Number Generator ◽  
Number Generator ◽  
Photon Detector ◽  
Single Photon Detector

scholarly journals Phase estimation with squeezed single photons

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefano Olivares ◽  
Maria Popovic ◽  
Matteo G. A. Paris
Keyword(s):  
Coherent State ◽  
Fisher Information ◽  
Beam Splitter ◽  
Single Photon ◽  
Quantum Fisher Information ◽  
Single Photons ◽  
Squeezed Vacuum ◽  
Vacuum States ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Photocurrent Measurement

AbstractWe address the performance of an interferometric setup in which a squeezed single photon interferes at a beam splitter with a coherent state. Our analysis in based on both the quantum Fisher information and the sensitivity when a Mach-Zehnder setup is considered and the difference photocurrent is detected at the output. We compare our results with those obtained feeding the interferometer with a squeezed vacuum (with the same squeezing parameter of the squeezed single photon) and a coherent state in order to have the same total number of photons circulating in the interferometer. We find that for fixed squeezing parameter and total number of photons there is a threshold of the coherent amplitude interfering with the squeezed single photon above which the squeezed single photons outperform the performance of squeezed vacuum (showing the highest quantum Fisher information). When the difference photocurrent measurement is considered, we can always find a threshold of the squeezing parameter (given the total number of photons and the coherent amplitude) above which squeezed single photons can be exploited to reach a better sensitivity with respect to the use of squeezed vacuum states also in the presence of non unit quantum efficiency.

scholarly journals Indistinguishable Photons from a Single Molecule under Pulsed Excitation

2021 ◽  
Vol 255 ◽  
pp. 06002
Author(s):  
Pietro Lombardi ◽  
Maja Colautti ◽  
Rocco Duquennoy ◽  
Ghulam Murtaza ◽  
Prosenjit Majumder ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Single Molecule ◽  
Single Photon ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Photon Emission ◽  
Light Sources ◽  
Single Photons ◽  
Quantum Communications ◽  
Ideal Quantum ◽  
On Chip ◽  
Key Resources

Quantum light sources are crucial for the future of quantum photonic technologies and, among them, single photons on-demand are key resources in quantum communications and information processing. Ideal quantum emitters providing indistinguishable photons in a clocked manner, negligible decoherence and spectral diffusion, and with potential for scalability are today still a major challenge. We report on photostable and indistinguishable single photon emission from dibenzoterrylene molecules isolated in anthracene nanocrystals (DBT:Ac NCs) at 3K. The visibility of two-photon interference is preserved even when they are separated more than thirty times the excited-state lifetime, or ten fluorescence cycles. One of the advantages of organic molecules is the low-cost mass production of nominally identical emitters, that also allow for on-chip integration. These aspects combined with high spectral stability and coherence make them promising for applications and future quantum technologies.

scholarly journals Solid-state quantum optics with quantum dots in photonic nanostructures

Nanophotonics ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Lodahl ◽  
Søren Stobbe
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Dots ◽  
Solid State ◽  
Quantum Optics ◽  
Quantum Electrodynamics ◽  
Single Photon ◽  
Photonic Band Gap ◽  
Photon Emission ◽  
Cavity Quantum Electrodynamics ◽  
Single Photons ◽  
Point Dipole

AbstractQuantum nanophotonics has become a new research frontier where quantum optics is combined with nanophotonics in order to enhance and control the interaction between strongly confined light and quantum emitters. Such progress provides a promising pathway towards quantum-information processing on an all-solid-state platform. Here we review recent progress on experiments with quantum dots in nanophotonic structures with special emphasis on the dynamics of single-photon emission. Embedding the quantum dots in photonic band-gap structures offers a way of controlling spontaneous emission of single photons to a degree that is determined by the local light-matter coupling strength. Introducing defects in photonic crystals implies new functionalities. For instance, efficient and strongly confined cavities can be constructed enabling cavity-quantum-electrodynamics experiments. Furthermore, the speed of light can be tailored in a photonic-crystal waveguide forming the basis for highly efficient single-photon sources where the photons are channeled into the slowly propagating mode of the waveguide. Finally, we will discuss some of the surprises that arise in solid-state implementations of quantum-optics experiments in comparison to their atomic counterparts. In particular, it will be shown that the celebrated point-dipole description of light-matter interaction can break down when quantum dots are coupled to plasmon nanostructures.

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