Skin-interfaced microfluidic devices with one-opening chambers and hydrophobic valves for sweat collection and analysis

Lab on a Chip ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (15) ◽  
pp. 2635-2645 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yingxue Zhang ◽  
Yao Chen ◽  
Jielong Huang ◽  
Yangchengyi Liu ◽  
Jinfeng Peng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microfluidic Devices ◽  
Microfluidic Platforms ◽  
Sweat Loss ◽  
Essential Insight ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Sweat Collection

Soft, skin-interfaced microfluidic platforms are capable of capturing, storing, and assessing sweat chemistry and total sweat loss, which provides essential insight into human physiological health.

scholarly journals Disposable Voltammetric Immunosensors Integrated with Microfluidic Platforms for Biomedical, Agricultural and Food Analyses: A Review

Sensors ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (12) ◽  
pp. 4124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabiana Felix ◽  
Alexandre Baccaro ◽  
Lúcio Angnes
Keyword(s):  
Quality Management ◽  
Signal Amplification ◽  
Screen Printing ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Microfluidic Devices ◽  
Strong Interactions ◽  
Point Of Care Testing ◽  
Microfluidic Platforms ◽  
Broad Variety ◽  
Interesting Alternative

Disposable immunosensors are analytical devices used for the quantification of a broad variety of analytes in different areas such as clinical, environmental, agricultural and food quality management. They detect the analytes by means of the strong interactions between antibodies and antigens, which provide concentration-dependent signals. For the herein highlighted voltammetric immunosensors, the analytical measurements are due to changes in the electrical signals on the surface of the transducers. The possibility of using disposable and miniaturized immunoassays is a very interesting alternative for voltammetric analyses, mainly, when associated with screen-printing technologies (screen-printed electrodes, SPEs), and microfluidic platforms. The aim of this paper is to discuss a carefully selected literature about different examples of SPEs-based immunosensors associated with microfluidic technologies for diseases, food, agricultural and environmental analysis. Technological aspects of the development of the voltammetric immunoassays such as the signal amplification, construction of paper-based microfluidic platforms and the utilization of microfluidic devices for point-of-care testing will be presented as well.

scholarly journals Deep Functional Profiling Facilitates the Evaluation of the Antibacterial Potential of the Antibiotic Amicoumacin

Antibiotics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stanislav S. Terekhov ◽  
Anton S. Nazarov ◽  
Yuliana A. Mokrushina ◽  
Margarita N. Baranova ◽  
Nadezhda A. Potapova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Scale Production ◽  
Alternative Source ◽  
Lead Compounds ◽  
Functional Profiling ◽  
Microfluidic Assays ◽  
High Cytotoxicity ◽  
Mrsa Strains ◽  
Antibiotic Discovery ◽  
Essential Insight ◽  
Insight Into

The global spread of antibiotic resistance is forcing the scientific community to find new molecular strategies to counteract it. Deep functional profiling of microbiomes provides an alternative source for the discovery of novel antibiotic producers and probiotics. Recently, we implemented this ultrahigh-throughput screening approach for the isolation of Bacillus pumilus strains efficiently producing the ribosome-targeting antibiotic amicoumacin A (Ami). Proteomics and metabolomics revealed essential insight into the activation of Ami biosynthesis. Here, we applied omics to boost Ami biosynthesis, providing the optimized cultivation conditions for high-scale production of Ami. Ami displayed a pronounced activity against Lactobacillales and Staphylococcaceae, including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strains, which was determined using both classical and massive single-cell microfluidic assays. However, the practical application of Ami is limited by its high cytotoxicity and particularly low stability. The former is associated with its self-lactonization, serving as an improvised intermediate state of Ami hydrolysis. This intramolecular reaction decreases Ami half-life at physiological conditions to less than 2 h, which is unprecedented for a terminal amide. While we speculate that the instability of Ami is essential for Bacillus ecology, we believe that its stable analogs represent attractive lead compounds both for antibiotic discovery and for anticancer drug development.

Double-edged Role of KNa Channels in Brain Tuning: Identifying Epileptogenic Network Micro-Macro Disconnection

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ru Liu ◽  
Lei Sun ◽  
Yunfu Wang ◽  
Meng Jia ◽  
Qun Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Potential Role ◽  
Physiological Condition ◽  
Seizure Models ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Patients With Epilepsy ◽  
Essential Insight ◽  
Potential Threshold ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Insight Into

: Epilepsy is commonly recognized as a disease driven by generalized hyperexcited and hypersynchronous neural activity. Sodium-activated potassium channels (KNa channels), which are encoded by the Slo 2.2 and Slo 2.1 genes, are widely expressed in the central nervous system and considered as “brakes” to adjust neuronal adaptation through regulating action potential threshold or after-hyperpolarization under physiological condition. However, the variants in KNa channels, especially gain-of-function variants, have been found in several childhood epileptic conditions. Most previous studies focused on mapping the epileptic network on the macroscopic scale while ignoring the value of microscopic changes. Notably, paradoxical role of KNa channels working on individual neuron/microcircuit and the macroscopic epileptic expression highlights the importance of understanding epileptogenic network through combining microscopic and macroscopic methods. Here, we first illustrated the molecular and physiological function of KNa channels on preclinical seizure models and patients with epilepsy. Next, we summarized current hypothesis on the potential role of KNa channels during seizures to provide essential insight into what emerged as a micro-macro disconnection at different levels. Additionally, we highlighted the potential utility of KNa channels as therapeutic targets for developing innovative anti-seizure medications.

The impact of Spanish on English vocabulary since 1901

English Today ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-31
Author(s):  
Julia Schultz
Keyword(s):  
Present Article ◽  
Opposite Direction ◽  
First Century ◽  
Lexical Borrowing ◽  
New Words ◽  
Subject Areas ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Essential Insight ◽  
Insight Into

While there are numerous investigations of the impact of English on Spanish vocabulary, the opposite direction of lexical borrowing has as yet received fairly little attention. Spanish-derived words and meanings which have been taken over into English in the last few decades have been relatively neglected. The present article gives essential insight into the influence of Spanish on the English lexicon since 1901. I assign the different twentieth and twenty-first century Spanish borrowings to various lexical domains in order to offer an overview of the subject areas and fields of life to which Spanish has added new words and senses in recent times.

Microtiter Plate-Based Microfluidic Platforms: Sealing, Leakage Testing, and Performance of a 96-Well SPRI Device

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. S. Park ◽  
M. Hupert ◽  
J. Guy ◽  
P. Datta ◽  
J.-B. Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Throughput ◽  
Mold Insert ◽  
Microfluidic Devices ◽  
Microtiter Plate ◽  
Thickness Variation ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Microfluidic Platforms ◽  
Effective Manner ◽  
Micro Molding ◽  
Microtiter Plate Format

Highly parallelized biochemical analysis is a significant step toward achieving high throughput processing of patient samples for diagnosis and treatment monitoring. The standard microtiter plate is used to carry out multiple reactions for high throughput screening. By incorporating polymer microfluidic devices at each well in the microtiter plate format, the capability of the format could be significantly enhanced for high throughput processing of large numbers of biochemical samples in a cost-effective manner. Low cost replication of the microtiter plates is done using micro molding techniques, so microfabrication technology for making large area mold inserts (LAMIs) containing microfluidic devices at each well of a microtiter plate format is needed. A large area mold insert (LAMI) in the footprint of the standard microtiter plate was fabricated using an SU-8 based UV-LIGA technique. Excellent lithography results, with vertical sidewalls, were obtained by utilizing flycutting to minimize SU-8 film thickness variation and a UV filter for attenuating high absorbance UV wavelengths. Overplating of nickel in the SU-8 polymeric molds was used to make high quality metallic mold inserts with vertical sidewalls. Micro molding of polycarbonate (PC) was done using hot embossing, resulting in good replication fidelity over the large surface area. Thermal fusion bonding of the molded PC chips yielded good sealing results and the developed polymer microfluidic platforms showed good fluidic uniformity.

Wettability patterning for high-rate, pumpless fluid transport on open, non-planar microfluidic platforms

Lab on a Chip ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (9) ◽  
pp. 1538-1550 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aritra Ghosh ◽  
Ranjan Ganguly ◽  
Thomas M. Schutzius ◽  
Constantine M. Megaridis
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Transport ◽  
Microfluidic Devices ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Open Surface ◽  
Microfluidic Platforms

Wettability-patterned open-surface microfluidic devices facilitate pumpless transport of liquids (>350 μL s−1) and allow complex handling tasks including rise against gravity.

scholarly journals Continuous Microfluidic Production of Citrem-Phosphatidylcholine Nano-Self-Assemblies for Thymoquinone Delivery

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1510
Author(s):  
Esra Ilhan-Ayisigi ◽  
Aghiad Ghazal ◽  
Barbara Sartori ◽  
Maria Dimaki ◽  
Winnie Edith Svendsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Crystalline ◽  
Continuous Production ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Microfluidic Platforms ◽  
Lipid Mixture ◽  
X Ray Scattering ◽  
Bicontinuous Cubic ◽  
Bio Imaging ◽  
Nanoparticle Sizes ◽  
Insight Into

Lamellar and non-lamellar liquid crystalline nanodispersions, including liposomes, cubosomes, and hexosomes are attractive platforms for drug delivery, bio-imaging, and related pharmaceutical applications. As compared to liposomes, there is a modest number of reports on the continuous production of cubosomes and hexosomes. Using a binary lipid mixture of citrem and soy phosphatidylcholine (SPC), we describe the continuous production of nanocarriers for delivering thymoquinone (TQ, a substance with various therapeutic potentials) by employing a commercial microfluidic hydrodynamic flow-focusing chip. In this study, nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA) and synchrotron small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) were employed to characterize TQ-free and TQ-loaded citrem/SPC nanodispersions. Microfluidic synthesis led to formation of TQ-free and TQ-loaded nanoparticles with mean sizes around 115 and 124 nm, and NTA findings indicated comparable nanoparticle size distributions in these nanodispersions. Despite the attractiveness of the microfluidic chip for continuous production of citrem/SPC nano-self-assemblies, it was not efficient as comparable mean nanoparticle sizes were obtained on employing a batch (discontinuous) method based on low-energy emulsification method. SAXS results indicated the formation of a biphasic feature of swollen lamellar (Lα) phase in coexistence with an inverse bicontinuous cubic Pn3m phase in all continuously produced TQ-free and TQ-loaded nanodispersions. Further, a set of SAXS experiments were conducted on samples prepared using the batch method for gaining further insight into the effects of ethanol and TQ concentration on the structural features of citrem/SPC nano-self-assemblies. We discuss these effects and comment on the need to introduce efficient microfluidic platforms for producing nanocarriers for delivering TQ and other therapeutic agents.

Guided assembly of nanowires and their integration in microfluidic devices

2011 ◽  
Vol 1346 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josep Puigmarti-Luis ◽  
Phillip Kuhn ◽  
Benjamin Z. Cvetković ◽  
Daniel Schaffhauser ◽  
Marta Rubio-Martínez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microfluidic Device ◽  
Coordination Polymers ◽  
Microfluidic Devices ◽  
Hybrid Structures ◽  
Effective Strategy ◽  
Microfluidic Platforms ◽  
Guided Assembly

ABSTRACTIn this contribution, we present an effective strategy for assembling and integrating functional, in situ formed micro- and nanosized structures. Microfluidic platforms are employed to form anisotropic hybrid structures and coordination polymers at the interface of two precursor streams. Microstamps, embedded in the microfluidic device and actuated by pressure, provide a facile and reliable technology for structure trapping, localization and integration.

Introduction

2019 ◽  
pp. 3-10
Author(s):  
Kevin Haworth
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
Middle Eastern ◽  
European Perspective ◽  
Tel Aviv ◽  
Essential Insight ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Scholarly Attention

This chapter introduces the reader to Rutu Modan and her home city of Tel Aviv. It provides a quick overview of Modan's work and to Israeli comics, and argues that Israeli comics provide essential insight into contemporary Israeli culture and society. It shows how most comics about the Middle East are written from an American or European perspective, and argues for more scholarly attention to comics that originate from Middle Eastern countries themselves. It also shows that most of the focus on Jewish comics focuses on American creators, rather than Israelis.

scholarly journals Metabolomics approach for multibiomarkers determination to investigate dengue virus infection in human patients

2017 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nurul Shahfiza ◽  
Hasnah Osman ◽  
Tang Thean Hock ◽  
Abdel-Hamid Zaki Abdel-Hamid
Keyword(s):  
Dengue Infection ◽  
Metabolite Profile ◽  
Partial Least Square ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Metabolic Disturbances ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Diagnostic Technologies ◽  
Essential Insight ◽  
Insight Into

Background: Dengue is one of the major public health problems in the world, affecting more than fifty million cases in tropical and subtropical region every year. The metabolome, as pathophysiological end-points, provide significant understanding of the mechanism and progression of dengue pathogenesis via changes in the metabolite profile of infected patients. Recent developments in diagnostic technologies provide metabolomics for the early detection of infectious diseases. Methods: The mid-stream urine was collected from 96 patients diagnosed with dengue fever at Penang General Hospital (PGH) and 50 healthy volunteers. Urine samples were analyzed with proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) spectroscopy, followed by chemometric multivariate analysis. NMR signals highlighted in the orthogonal partial least square-discriminant analysis (OPLSDA) S-plots were selected and identified using Human Metabolome Database (HMDB) and Chenomx Profiler. A highly predictive model was constructed from urine profile of dengue infected patients versus healthy individuals with the total R2Y (cum) value 0.935, and the total Q2Y (cum) value 0.832. Results: Data showed that dengue infection is related to amino acid metabolism, tricarboxylic acid intermediates cycle and β-oxidation of fatty acids. Distinct variations in certain metabolites were recorded in infected patients including amino acids, various organic acids, betaine, valerylglycine, myoinositol and glycine. Conclusion: Metabolomics approach provides essential insight into host metabolic disturbances following dengue infection.

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