Methods and clinical applications in nuclear cardiology: a position statement

2002 ◽  
Vol 41 (01) ◽  
pp. 3-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Schäfers
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Cardiology ◽  
Clinical Medicine ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Position Statement ◽  
Electron Beam Tomography ◽  
Partial Functions ◽  
Cost Benefit Ratio ◽  
Medicine Today

SummaryNuclear cardiological procedures have paved the way for non-invasive diagnostics of various partial functions of the heart. Many of these functions cannot be visualised for diagnosis by any other method (e. g. innervation). These techniques supplement morphological diagnosis with regard to treatment planning and monitoring. Furthermore, they possess considerable prognostic relevance, an increasingly important issue in clinical medicine today, not least in view of the cost-benefit ratio.Our current understanding shows that effective, targeted nuclear cardiology diagnosis – in particular for high-risk patients – can contribute toward cost savings while improving the quality of diagnostic and therapeutic measures.In the future, nuclear cardiology will have to withstand mounting competition from other imaging techniques (magnetic resonance imaging, electron beam tomography, multislice computed tomography). The continuing development of these methods increasingly enables measurement of functional aspects of the heart. Nuclear radiology methods will probably develop in the direction of molecular imaging.

Artificial Neural Networks in Cardiovascular Diseases and its Potential for Clinical Application in Molecular Imaging

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Riccardo Laudicella ◽  
Albert Comelli ◽  
Alessandro Stefano ◽  
Monika Szostek ◽  
Ludovica Crocè ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Molecular Imaging ◽  
Nuclear Cardiology ◽  
Patient Care ◽  
Clinical Medicine ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Technical Aspect ◽  
Prognostic Models ◽  
Nuclear Medicine Imaging

Background:: In medical imaging, Artificial Intelligence is described as the ability of a system to properly interpret and learn from external data, acquiring knowledge to achieve specific goals and tasks through flexible adaptation. The number of possible applications of Artificial Intelligence is huge also in clinical medicine and in cardiovascular diseases. Objective: To describe for the first time in literature, the main results of articles about Artificial Intelligence potential for clinical applications in molecular imaging techniques, and to describe its advancements in cardiovascular diseases assessed with nuclear medicine imaging modalities. Methods: A comprehensive search strategy was used based on SCOPUS and PubMed databases. From all studies published in English, we selected the most relevant articles that evaluated the technological insights of AI in nuclear cardiology applications. Results: Artificial Intelligence may improve the patient care on many different fields, from the semi-automatization of the medical work, through the technical aspect of image preparation, interpretation, the calculation of additional factors based on data obtained during scanning, to the prognostic prediction and risk-group selection. Conclusion: Myocardial implementation of Artificial Intelligence algorithms in nuclear cardiology can improve and facilitate the diagnostic and predictive process, and global patient care. Building large databases containing clinical and image data is a first but essential step to create and train automated diagnostic/prognostic models able to help the clinicians to make unbiased and faster decisions for precision healthcare.

scholarly journals Magnesium Alginate in Gastro-Esophageal Reflux: A Randomized Multicenter Cross-Over Study in Infants

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Elisabetta Baldassarre ◽  
Antonio Di Mauro ◽  
Maria Cristina Pignatelli ◽  
Margherita Fanelli ◽  
Silvia Salvatore ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastroesophageal Reflux ◽  
Lower Cost ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Cost Benefit Ratio ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Mean Cost ◽  
To Receive ◽  
Breast Fed

The aims of this study were to evaluate the efficacy of magnesium alginate in decreasing functional regurgitation symptoms in infants, and to assess the cost–benefit ratio of magnesium alginate compared to a thickened formula. A multicenter perspective cross-over study was conducted in formula-fed infants with persisting regurgitation, randomly assigned to receive two weeks of a magnesium-alginate-based formulation followed by two weeks of thickened formula, or vice-versa. Infants, exclusively breast-fed, were followed up for two weeks while receiving magnesium alginate. Symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux (GER) were evaluated through the Infant Gastroesophageal Reflux Questionnaire Revised (I-GERQ-R). Direct cost of treatments was also calculated. Seventy-two infants completed the study. We found a significant reduction of I-GERQ-R scores over time (F = 55.387; p < 0.001) in all groups with no difference between the sequences of administration (F = 0.268; p = 0.848) in formula-fed infants and between exclusively breast-fed and formula-fed infants receiving magnesium alginate (t = 1.55; p = 0.126). The mean cost savings per infant was € 4.60 (±11.2) in formula-fed infants treated with magnesium alginate compared to thickened formula (t = 2.91, p < 0.0005). Conclusions were that the magnesium-alginate formulation reduces GER symptoms both in formula-fed and breast-fed infants. In formula-fed infants, clinical efficacy is similar to thickened formulas with a slightly lower cost of treatment.

Calisthenics and bodyweight exercises: different concepts or scientific synonyms?

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 13
Author(s):  
Leury Max Da Silva Chaves ◽  
Gabriel Vinicius Santos ◽  
Cauê La Scala Teixeira ◽  
Marzo Edir Da Silva-Grigoletto
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Training Method ◽  
Benefit Ratio ◽  
Cost Benefit Ratio ◽  
The 19Th Century

 Bodyweight exercises (also popularly known as calisthenics) is a classic training method and its practice has been widespread since the 19th century, but little evidenced in the scientific literature over the years. This type of training aims to promote multi-system adaptations using body weight as an overload with no or few implements [1–3]. This characteristic makes exercise with body weight easy to apply, in addition to having an excellent cost-benefit ratio when compared to other training possibilities that require machines or materials [4,5].

Alternaria and Cercospora Leaf Spot Diseases of Niger (Guizotia abyssinica Cass.) – A Traditional Tribal Crop of South Gujarat, India, with Cost Benefit Ratio in Relation to Different Fungicides

2018 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 89-99
Author(s):  
P.B. Sandipan ◽  
P.K. Jagtap ◽  
M.C. Patel
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiment ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Leaf Spot ◽  
Foliar Spray ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Guizotia Abyssinica ◽  
Cercospora Leaf Spot ◽  
Benefit Ratio ◽  
Cost Benefit Ratio

Abstract Niger (Guizotia abyssinica Cass.) is an important minor oil seed crop grown in dry areas grown mostly by tribal and interior places as life line of tribal segment. Tribal people mainly use its oil for cooking purpose, above than that there were also other uses. Hence, the niger crop should be protected from the infection. The crop is affected by number of fungal diseases. Therefore, a field experiment was formulated for three years with the four replications at the Niger Research Station (NRS) at Navsari Agricultural University (NAU), Vanarasi, Navsari (Gujarat) on the foliar diseases of GN-1 variety of niger crop. In this experiment, six different fungicides along with one control have been evaluated to control the Alternaria and Cercospora leaf spot diseases, out of which all the fungicidal treatments were significantly superior over the control. Here, foliar spray on the incidence of diseases was compared with the control (without any treatment). All the fungicidal treatments were significantly superior over the control to reduce Alternaria and Cercospora leaf spot diseases of Niger crop. Treatment of Carbendazim + Mancozeb (0.2 %) with two sprays first from the initiation of the disease and second after the interval of 15 days recorded the lowest incidence of Alternaria (14.56) and Cercospora (14.94) leaf spot diseases of niger and recorded the highest seed yield 337 seed yield kg/ha along with the net return with cost benefit ratio graph.

scholarly journals PCR-detectable Candida DNA exists a short period in the blood of systemic candidiasis murine model

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 677-682
Author(s):  
Zheng-Xin He ◽  
Hui-Hai Zhao ◽  
Fu-Kun Wang
Keyword(s):  
Heat Shock ◽  
Murine Model ◽  
Fungal Pathogens ◽  
Clinical Medicine ◽  
Diagnostic Techniques ◽  
Systemic Candidiasis ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Medicine Today

AbstractInvasive candidiasis is a major challenge to clinical medicine today. However, traditional fungal diagnostic techniques and empirical treatments have shown great limitations. Although efforts are necessarily needed in methodology standardization and multicenter validation, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is a very promising assay in detecting fungal pathogens. Using a “heat-shock” DNA preparation method, a rapid and simple PCR protocol for quantification of the Candida albicans (C. albicans) ribosomal DNA was established. The PCR assay could detect Candida DNA as low as 10 CFU/mL in samples prepared by the heat-shock protocol, without any cross-reaction with DNA prepared from other Candida spp. and bacterial pathogens. For simulated blood samples, the PCR test sensitivity of whole blood samples was better than that of plasma and blood cells. In the systemic candidiasis murine model, detectable DNA was only observed within 24 h after C. albicans SC5314 injection, which is much shorter than that observed in the kidney.

scholarly journals Cardiovascular Imaging in Obesity

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 744
Author(s):  
Sophie I. Mavrogeni ◽  
Flora Bacopoulou ◽  
George Markousis-Mavrogenis ◽  
George Chrousos ◽  
Evangelia Charmandari
Keyword(s):  
Wall Motion ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Diffuse Fibrosis ◽  
Accurate Information ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Rest Perfusion ◽  
Cost Benefit Ratio ◽  
Obese Subjects ◽  
The Cost

Obesity represents one of the most challenging public health problems of our century. It accounts for approximately 5% of deaths worldwide, mostly owing to cardiovascular disease and its associated complications. Cardiovascular noninvasive imaging may provide early accurate information about hypertrophy and ischemia/fibrosis in obese subjects. Echocardiography and nuclear cardiology have serious limitations in obese subjects owing to poor acoustic window and attenuation artifacts, respectively. Coronary computed tomography angiography can provide information about obstructive coronary disease; however, the use of radiation is a serious disadvantage. Finally, cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) holds the promise of an “all in one” examination by combining evaluation of function, wall motion/thickness, stress rest/perfusion, replacement and diffuse fibrosis without radiation. Future studies are required to document the cost/benefit ratio of the CMR in the evaluation of cardiovascular risk in overweight/obese children and adolescents.

Home Visitation Investment

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 89 (1) ◽  
pp. 169-169
Author(s):  
NORMAN J. SISSMAN
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Home Visits ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Home Visitation ◽  
Benefit Ratio ◽  
Health Care Resources ◽  
Detailed Consideration ◽  
Cost Benefit Ratio ◽  
Women And Children ◽  
The Cost

To the Editor.— Two recent reviews in Pediatrics1,2 provide much interesting information on the effect of home visits on the health of women and children. However, I was disappointed not to find in either article more than token reference to the cost of the programs reviewed. In this day of increasingly scarce health care resources, we no longer have the luxury of evaluating programs such as these without detailed consideration of their cost-benefit ratio.

Project management methods in solving problems of ensuring economic security in the research of Russian and foreign scientists

2021 ◽  
pp. 120
Author(s):  
Anna Zatevakhina
Keyword(s):  
Project Management ◽  
Information Search ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Economic Security ◽  
Logical System ◽  
Scientific Publications ◽  
Project Approach ◽  
Benefit Ratio ◽  
Literary Sources ◽  
Cost Benefit Ratio

In the article, the authors analyzed the literary sources of Russian and foreign authors engaged in research of project management methods in solving problems of ensuring economic security. The aim of the study is to consider the possibility of applying the project approach in managing economic security at the meso-level based on the analysis of scientific publications by Russian and foreign scientists on this topic. Research methods: information search, systematization, logical, system and content analysis. The authors identify 5 approaches to project management while ensuring economic security in modern Russian and foreign scientific research. In conclusion, it is concluded that it is necessary to introduce project risk management at the level of regional administrations with a positive cost-benefit ratio, that is, ensuring an acceptable level of economic security.

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