scholarly journals Prognosis of Pregnancy in Epileptics in Benin: A Case–Control Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (03) ◽  
pp. 395-402
Author(s):  
Thierry Adoukonou ◽  
Mendinatou Agbétou ◽  
Rachidi Imorou Sidi ◽  
Colombe Gnansounou ◽  
Donald Accrombessi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Pregnancy And Childbirth ◽  
Epilepsy Treatment ◽  
Epileptic Woman ◽  
Epileptic Women ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Objective The main purpose of this article is to define prognosis of pregnancies in epileptic women in Benin. Methods This was a case–control study that included 54 epileptic women who had at least one pregnancy matched to 162 controls on age, pregnancy term, and monitoring center. Information about epilepsy, treatment, pregnancy, and childbirth were collected. A logistic regression with odds ratio (OR) calculation was used to study the association. Results During pregnancy 22.22% of epileptic women experienced an increase in seizure frequency. Epileptics had more frequent miscarriages (OR: 1.84 [1.01–3.51]), more incidents during pregnancy (OR: 4.03 [1.04–15.60]), and were more often hospitalized (OR: 3.35 [1.46–7.69]) than women without epilepsy. They, more often, had premature children before 37 weeks of amenorrhea (OR: 2.10 [1.12–3.91]) and gave birth to low-birth-weight children (OR = 2.17 [1.00–4.76]). Conclusion Occurrence of a pregnancy in an epileptic woman in Benin is at risk and requires multidisciplinary monitoring by both neurologist and obstetrician to reduce complications.

Determinants of Low Birth Weight in Rural Areas of North West in Iran: 2013-2017 (A Case-Control Study)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hosein Rafiemanesh ◽  
Seyed Rasoul Hashemi Aghdam ◽  
Avaz Safarzadeh ◽  
Sanaz Chapar ◽  
Alireza Zemestani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Maternal Weight ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Background Low birth weight (LBW) is one of the main causes of death in children and is an important factor related to the growth and development of children. LBW is associated with causes but some of the risk factors may be due to the country or geographical region. Aim of this study was conducted to investigate the risk factors associated with LBW in the villages of Oskou county, northwest of Iran. Methods This study is a population-based case-control study and all the cases of LBW, that have occurred during the five years 2013-2017 in all villages of Oskou county, East Azerbaijan Province, Iran. Controls were selevted based on systematic random sampling in that same village and year. Chi-square and fisher's exact test analysed and then a univariate and multivariate logistic regression model was used to investigate possible factors. Results In this study 242 cases and 242 control groups were analyzed. Base on multivariate logistic regression important risk factors were LBW history (OR=25.87), mothers who used natural methods of contraception (OR=29.54), twin's birth (OR=24.04) and gestational age less than 37 weeks (OR=3.89). Conclusion According to the result of the present study the most important risk factors of LBW are as follows: Contraception method using, having a history of previous LBW newborn, twin's birth, gestational age, fathers’ occupation, mothers’ education, maternal weight, maternal weight gain during pregnancy and number of of caring during pregnancy.

scholarly journals Determinants of uterine rupture among mothers who gave birth in Jinka and Arba Minch General Hospitals, institution-based case–control study, Southern Ethiopia, Ethiopia, 2019

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 174550652096172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Goitom Girmay ◽  
Teklemariam Gultie ◽  
Gebrekiros Gebremichael ◽  
Bezawit Afework ◽  
Gebremariam Temesgen
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Uterine Rupture ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Adjusted Odds Ratio ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
General Hospitals ◽  
Multiparous Women ◽  
Control Study

Background: Uterine rupture is a major public health problem in low-income countries including Ethiopia. In Ethiopia, its prevalence is low, but it results in devastative health problems of the mother and her baby. Even though the Ethiopian government and nongovernmental organizations tried to strengthen the health care system, significant adverse maternal and fetal outcome is still associated with uterine rupture. The aim of this study was to identify determinants of uterine rupture in Jinka and Arba Minch General Hospitals. Methods: The study was conducted in Jinka and Arba Minch General Hospitals, and the data collection period was 15 to 30 November 2018. A case–control study design was used with simple random sampling of 1:4. Data were collected using data extraction sheets. Variables with p < 0.25 in bivariate logistic regression were entered into multivariable logistic regression. Variables with p < 0.05 in multivariable logistic regression were used to determine significant association between dependent and independent variables. Result: Uterine rupture occurred in 112 cases with 448 controls. Women referred from health facilities (adjusted odds ratio = 8.0, 95% confidence interval: 3.5–17.8), multiparous women (adjusted odds ratio = 12.7, 95% confidence interval: 4.2–39.0), duration of labor more than 18 h (adjusted odds ratio = 11.5, 95% confidence interval: 5.5–24.1), malpresentation (adjusted odds ratio = 3.5, 95% confidence interval: 1.0–8.0) and gestational age of ⩾37 weeks (adjusted odds ratio = 5.2, 95% confidence interval: 1.4–19.3) were independent factors associated with uterine rupture. Conclusion: Mothers referred from health facilities, multiparous women, duration of labor more than 18 h, gestational age of ⩾37 weeks and malpresentation were significantly associated with uterine rupture. Early referral, encouraging family planning, proper use of partograph, early identification and appropriate intervention for malpresentation are recommended.

scholarly journals faktor risiko kejadian miopia anak (<20 tahun) di balai kesehatan mata masyarakat kota makassar

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 141
Author(s):  
A. fitria Nur Annisa ◽  
A. zulkifli Abdullah ◽  
Syamsiar R Russeng
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Random Sampling ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Multiple Logistic Regression ◽  
Control Study

Jumlah kasus Kelainan Refraksi di BKMM Kota Makassar tahun 2016 sebanyak 8105 kasus (29%). Penelitian bertujuan untuk menilai besar risiko jenis kelamin, riwayat keluarga, kebiasaan membaca buku dan kebiasaan menonton televisi terhadap kejadian miopia pada anak (<20 tahun) di BKMM Kota Makassar Tahun 2017. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan rancangan case control study. Penarikan sampel dilakukan dengan teknik sistematik random sampling dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 164 orang anak (<20 tahun) yang terdiri dari 82 kasus dan 82 kontrol. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji Odds Ratio dan multiple logistic regression. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa faktor yang berisiko terhadap kejadian miopia, yaitu jenis kelamin (OR= 2,939; 95%CI: 1,543-5,600), riwayat keluarga (OR= 3,839; 95%CI: 1,961-7,518), jarak membaca buku (OR= 8,517; 95%CI: 3,764-19,273), durasi membaca buku (OR= 3,546; 95% CI: 1,662-7,565), jarak menonton televisi (OR= 3,864; 95%CI: 1,518-5,403) dan durasi menonton televisi (OR= 7,474; 95%CI: 3,463-16,129). Hasil analisis regresi logistik menunjukkan bahwa durasi menonton televisimerupakan faktor yang paling berisiko terhadap kejadian miopia (OR= 18,457; 95%CI: 5,081-67,050). Kesimpulannya, variabel jenis kelamin, riwayat keluarga, kebiasaan membaca buku dan kebiasaan menonton televisi merupakan faktor risiko kejadian miopia anak (<20 tahun) di BKMM Kota Makassar.

Determinants of low birth weight in dire-dawa city public health facility eastern Ethiopia -unmatched case-control study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mustaf Mahdi Badal ◽  
Muse Obsiye Ibrahim ◽  
Abdi Yusuf Abdiwahab ◽  
Abdi sh/bashir ◽  
Abdifatah Mahamed Askar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Iron Supplementation ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Eastern Ethiopia ◽  
Dire Dawa ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Background:-Low Birth Weight (LBW) is one of the leading public health problems in developing countries including Ethiopia. Worldwide, more than 20 million infants born low birth weight every year. Of which about 13% to 15% occur in Sub-Saharan Africa. Thus, knowing clear picture of the risk factors of LBW in the study area is essential. Therefore, this study was conducted to identify determinants of LBW in all public health facilities in dire dawa city administration eastern Ethiopia.Methods: Unmatched case-control study was employed from 1 June to 1 august the data were collected using structured and pretested interviewer administered questionnaire in all public health facilities in study areas. Consecutive sampling technique was used to select cases and controls respectively. Data were entered in to Epi-data software in version 3:1 and exported to SPSS version 23. Variables having with P-value <0.25 in the binary logistic regression were entered in to multivariate logistic regression model. Statistical significance was considered at P.value <0.05. Results: -A total of 292 mothers with their respective newborns (73 cases and 219 controls) were included the study, mothers not having nutritional counseling (AOR= 3.13, 1.59--6.16),not consuming additional meal (AOR=2.37, 1.26--4.44),not having iron supplementation (AOR=2.21, 1.14--4.29),mothers being anemic (AOR=3.51, 1.64--7.53),and undernourished mothers (AOR=4.83, 2.49--9.38) were significantly associated with the low birth weight in this study.Conclusion: Poor nutrition related activities interims of nutritional counseling, iron supplementation, maternal feeding especially during pregnancy and others were the main problems identified in this study. Therefore, Government and non-governmental NGOs would work together to reduce LBW by establishing appropriate intervention, awareness creation and behaviors change communication (BCC) and development of effective strategy and policy to improve maternal nutritional status and prevent maternal anemia are curtail. In addition, a large scale studies with strong study design like cohort and experimental needs to be conducted.

scholarly journals Risk Factors for Low Birth Weight in Sidama Zone Government Hospitals, Southern Ethiopia, A Case-control Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Temesgen Tilahun ◽  
Hailu Hailemariam
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Multivariable Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Background: Many studies had been conducted on the epidemiology of low birth weight (LBW) in high-income countries, however in countries like Ethiopia such evidence is scarce. The objective of this study was to assess the risk factors for LBW in Sidama zone.Method: Hospital-based case-control study design with a total sample size of 480, 96 cases, and 384controls from March to June 2018. Newborns were selected from three hospitals in the zone using simple random sampling techniques. Data were collected using a pretested questionnaire. Anthropometric measurements were made by following standard procedure. Risk factors for LBW were identified using multivariable logistic regression analysis. The output is presented using an adjusted odds ratio (AOR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI). Result: Multivariable logistic regression analysis shows that urban place of residence [AOR=2.55(95% CI=1.15-5.82], mothers who did not have iron supplement during pregnancy [AOR=12.5(95 CI=5.06-31.0)], premature birth [AOR=2.78 (95% CI= (1.27-6.06)] and history of pregnancy complication[AOR=7.60(2.03-28.45)] were found to be significant determinants of LBW. Conclusion: Since the prevalence of LBW was more prominent in rural areas than their urban counterparts, socio-economic empowerment of rural women and community-based nutrition promotions programs should be given special emphasis. Strengthening efforts on availing basic health services and promoting education on nutrition during pregnancy also have positive inputs. Iron supplementation and nutritional assessment of women during ANC follow-up and providing interventions accordingly should be strengthening in all health facilities.

scholarly journals A Case-Control Study on Maternal caffeine intake during Pregnancy and Risk of Low Birth Weight in Wolaita zone, Southern Ethiopia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leila Hussen ◽  
Blen Desu
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
World Health ◽  
Caffeine Intake ◽  
Caffeine Consumption ◽  
Multivariable Logistic Regression ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Background: World Health Organization (WHO) recommends caffeine intake during pregnancy should be lower than 300 mg/day. Maternal caffeine intake is associated with adverse birth outcomes. However, little information is available on maternal caffeine consumption during pregnancy and its effect on birth weight. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the level of maternal caffeine intake during pregnancy and its effect on birth weight in Wolaita zone hospitals in South Ethiopia. .Method: The case-control study design was applied from March 1 to July 30, 2019. A total of 395 mothers (99cases and 296 controls) were interviewed by trained data collectors using a structured and pretested questionnaire. Anthropometric measurements were taken both from mothers and newborns. The association between maternal caffeine intake and birth weight was computed through bivariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses and statistical significance was declared at p-value < 0.05. Results: Mean (±SD) caffeine intake among pregnant women was 342±172 mg/day. A vast majority of the respondents 374(94.7%) consumed caffeine during the current pregnancy, out of this 269(68%) ingested 300mg or more of caffeine per day (high consumers).Relatively more mothers of low birth weight infants were consumed high caffeine 87(87.9%) compared with controls (51.5%). multivariable logistic regression model indicated that those mothers who consumed high caffeine during pregnancy were four times more likely to have a newborn with low birth weight (AOR= 4.1( 95% CI 1.2, 10.1)Conclusion: This research result gives insight for health professional should be aware of the impact of heavy caffeine consumption on birth outcome and try to screen and consulate pregnant mothers who are at risk of having infants with LBW and provide skilled nutritional counseling during ANC visits, including the intake of caffeine.

Does Placental Weight Affects Perinatal Outcome? A Prospective Case-control Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-59
Author(s):  
Naina Kumar ◽  
Himani Agarwal
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Perinatal Outcome ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Neonatal Outcome ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Placental Weight ◽  
Tertiary Center ◽  
Control Study ◽  
Prospective Case Control Study

Background: Placenta plays a very important role in the growth and development of fetus. Objective: To know the correlation between placental weight and perinatal outcome in term antenatal women. Methods: Present prospective case-control study was conducted in the rural tertiary center of Northern India over one year (January-December 2018) on 1,118 term (≥37-≤42 weeks) antenatal women with singleton pregnancy fulfilling inclusion criteria with 559 women with high-risk pregnancy as cases and 559 low-risk pregnant women as controls. Placental weight, birth weight was measured immediately after delivery and compared between the two groups along with gestation, parity, fetal gender, and neonatal outcome. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS 22 version. Results: Mean placental weight [481.98±67.83 gm vs. 499.47±59.59 gm (p=.000)] and birth weight [2.68±0.53 Kg vs. 2.88±0.4 Kg (p=.000)] was significantly lower in high risk as compared to lowrisk participants, whereas placental birth weight ratio was higher in high-risk cases [18.35±2.37 vs. 17.41±1.38 (p=.000)] respectively. Placental weight was positively correlated with birth weight and placental weight and birth weight increased with increasing gestation in both cases and controls. Male neonates had higher placental weight [492.74±68.24 gm vs. 488±58.8 gm (p=0.224)] and birth weight [2.81±0.5 Kg vs. 2.74±0.45 Kg (p=0.033)] as compared to females. Neonatal Intensive Care Unit admission was significantly associated with low placental and birth weight (p=.000). Conclusion: There is a significant correlation between placental weight, birth weight and neonatal outcome, hence placental weight can be used as an indirect indicator of intrauterine fetal growth.

scholarly journals A case–control study in France showing that a pro-inflammatory diet is associated with a higher risk of breast cancer

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariem Hajji-Louati ◽  
Emilie Cordina-Duverger ◽  
Nasser Laouali ◽  
Francesca-Romana Mancini ◽  
Pascal Guénel
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Breast Cancer Risk ◽  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Hormone Receptors ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Breast Cancer Subtype ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Tumor Subtype ◽  
Control Study

AbstractDietary regimens promoting inflammatory conditions have been implicated in breast cancer development, but studies on the association between pro-inflammatory diet and breast cancer risk have reported inconsistent results. We investigated the association between the inflammatory potential of diet and breast cancer risk in a case–control study in France including 872 breast cancer cases and 966 population controls. All women completed a food frequency questionnaire that was used to compute a Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) based on the inflammatory weight of 33 dietary components. The DII ranged from a median of − 3.22 in the lowest quartile (anti-inflammatory) to + 2.96 in the highest quartile (pro-inflammatory). The odds ratio contrasting quartile 4 to quartile 1 was 1.31 (95% CI 1.00, 1.73; p-trend = 0.02). Slightly higher odds ratios were observed in post-menopausal women, particularly those with body mass index > 25 kg/m2 (odds ratio 1.62; 95% CI 0.92, 2.83; p-trend = 0.02), and among ever smokers (odds ratio 1.71; 95% CI 1.11, 2.65; p-trend 0.01). The analyses by breast cancer subtype showed that the DII was associated with breast tumors that expressed either the estrogen (ER) or progesterone (PR) hormone receptors or the Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor-2 (HER2), but no association was seen for the triple negative breast tumor subtype. Our results add further evidence that a pro-inflammatory diet is associated with breast cancer risk with possible effect variation according to tumor subtype.

scholarly journals Plasma acylcarnitines and risk of lower-extremity functional impairment in older adults: a nested case–control study

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco Félix Caballero ◽  
Ellen A. Struijk ◽  
Alberto Lana ◽  
Antonio Buño ◽  
Fernando Rodríguez-Artalejo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Functional Impairment ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Control Study ◽  
Long Chain

AbstractElevated concentrations of acylcarnitines have been associated with higher risk of obesity, type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. The aim of the present study was to assess the association between L-carnitine and acylcarnitine profiles, and 2-year risk of incident lower-extremity functional impairment (LEFI). This case–control study is nested in the Seniors-ENRICA cohort of community-dwelling older adults, which included 43 incident cases of LEFI and 86 age- and sex- matched controls. LEFI was assessed with the Short Physical Performance Battery. Plasma L-carnitine and 28 acylcarnitine species were measured. After adjusting for potential confounders, medium-chain acylcarnitines levels were associated with 2-year incidence of LEFI [odds ratio per 1-SD increase: 1.69; 95% confidence interval: 1.08, 2.64; p = 0.02]. Similar results were observed for long-chain acylcarnitines [odds ratio per 1-SD increase: 1.70; 95% confidence interval: 1.03, 2.80; p = 0.04]. Stratified analyses showed a stronger association between medium- and long-chain acylcarnitines and incidence of LEFI among those with body mass index and energy intake below the median value. In conclusion, higher plasma concentrations of medium- and long-chain acylcarnitines were associated with higher risk of LEFI. Given the role of these molecules on mitochondrial transport of fatty acids, our results suggest that bioenergetics dysbalance contributes to LEFI.

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